高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习15及答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习15及答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习15及答案

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（15）及答案

阅读理解

Rememberhowgreatexercisewaswhenyouwerealittlekid?

Backthen,racingaroundtheplaygroundorskippingropeforhours,youweren’tthinkingfitness,youwerethinkingentertainment.Butinthisageofhigh-techhomeequipmentandunderusedgymmemberships,thesimplejoyofjumpingropehasbeenforgotten.Rediscoveringitwillgiveyouatotal-bodyexerciseyoucanfind.

      Althoughconsideredanexcellentformofexercise,jumpingropehasnevergainedwidespreadacceptancebecauseoftwofundamentalreasons.First,mostpeoplerecognizejumpingropeasanexcellentformofcardiovascular（心血管的）exercise,buttheyalsobelievethatitissimplytoodifficult.Inotherwords,theydon’tthinkthey’llbeabletocontinuejumpingforthenear20minutesthatittakestoachieveabeneficialphysicaloutcome.Second,manyviewitassomewhatboringandoverlyrepetitive—notassomethingfunorenjoyable.

      Asamatteroffact,jumpingropecanbegreatfunifyoufindaproperwaytopracticeit.Insteadofdoingtheusualtwo-footbounceoverandoveragain,peoplegoodatrope-jumpingoftenchangetheirpatternevery10or20jumps.Asinglebounce,adouble–bounce,askip,aknee-up,sideswings,aswellasavarietyofothereasy-to-learnfree-stylerope-jumping.

      Nowresearchersarelearningthatjumpingropealsopreparesthebrainforlearning.Itisanexerciseallowingbothbrainhemispherestoperforminparalleltoeachoth

er.Inshort,jumpingropecanbealife-longactivityrequiringlittleequipment,timeandspace,yetleadingtoamuchhealthierlife.

44.Fromthefirstparagraphwelearnthat        .

A．jumpingropehasfadedfrompeople’smemories

B．peoplenowhavemoreadvancedequipment

C．racingaroundtheplaygroundwaspreferred

D．peoplenowliketohaveexerciseinagym

45.Ropejumpinghasnotspreadwidelybecause       .

A．itbenefitsthecardiovascularsystem B．itisneithereasynorenjoyable

C．itisconsideredboringandrepetitiveD．itrequireslittleequipment,timeandspace

46.Thefirstsentenceinthe3rdparagraphimplies        .

A．thereisonlyoneproperwaytofollow   B．theusualwayshouldnotbeused

C．t

heeasiestwayisalwaysthebest        D．therearemanywaystofollow

47.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsropejumping?

A．Heisarguingagainstit.                      B．Heisinfavorofit.

C．Heissittingonthefenceofit.             D．Heisnotclearaboutit.

参考答案44-47ABDB

C8[2013·湖北卷]E

AGermanstudysuggeststhatpeoplewhoweretoooptimisticabouttheirfutureactuallyfacedgreaterriskofdisabilityordeathwithin10yearsthanthosepessimistswhoexpectedtheirfuturetobeworse.

Thepaper,publishedthisMarchinPsychologyandAging,examinedhealthandwelfaresurveysfromroughly40，000Germansbetweenages18and96.Thesurveyswereconductedeveryyearfrom1993to2003.

Surveyrespondents（受访者）wereaskedtoestimatetheirpresentandfuturelifesatisfactiononascaleof0to10,amongotherquestions.

Theresearchersfoundthatyoungadults（age18to39）routinelyoverestimatedtheirfuturelifesatisfaction,whilemiddle－agedadults（age40to64）moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.Adultsof65andolder,however,werefarmorelikelytounderestimatetheirfuturelifesatisfaction.Notonlydidtheyfeelmoresatisfiedthantheythoughttheywould,theolderpessimistsseemedtosufferalowerratio（比率）ofdisabilityanddeathforthestudyperiod.

“Weobservedthatbeingtoooptimisticinpredictingabetterfuturethanactuallyobservedwasassociatedwithagreaterriskofdisabilityandagreaterriskofdeathwithinthefollowingdecade，”wroteFriederR．Lang,aprofessorattheUniversityofErlangen－Nuremberg.

Langandhiscolleaguesbelievedthatpeoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractionsthanpeoplewhoexpectedarosyfuture.

“Seeingadarkfuturemayencouragepositiveevaluationsoftheactualselfandmaycontributetotakingimprovedprecautions（预防措施），”theauthorswrote.

Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecli

ne.Also,theresearcherssaidthathigherincomewasrelatedtoagreaterriskofdisability.

Theauthorsofthestudynotedthattherewerelimitationstotheirconclusions.Illness,medicaltreatmentandpersonallosscouldalsohavedrivenhealthoutcomes.

However,theresearcherssaidapatternwasclear.“Wefoundthatfromearlytolateadulthood,individualsadapttheirexpectationsoffuturelifesatisfactionfromoptimistic,toaccurate,topessimistic，”theauthorsconcluded.

67．Accordingtothestudy,whomadethemostaccuratepredictionoftheirfuturelifesatisfaction?

A．Optimisticadults.

B．Middle－agedadults.

C．Adultsinpoorhealth.

D．Adultsoflowerincome.

68．Pessimismmaybepositiveinsomewaybecauseitcausespeople________．

A．tofullyenjoytheirpresentlife

B．

toestimatetheircontributionaccurately

C．totakemeasuresagainstpotentialrisks

D．tovaluehealthmorehighlythanwealth

69．Howdopeopleofhigherincomeseetheirfuture?

A．Theywillearnlessmoney.

B．Theywillbe

comepessimistic.

C．Theywillsuffermentalillness.

D．Theywillhavelesstimetoenjoylife.

70．Whatistheclearconclusionofthestudy?

A．Pessimismguaranteeschancesofsurvival.

B．Goodfinancialconditionleadstogoodhealth.

C．Medicaltreatmentdetermineshealthoutcomes.

D．Expectationsoffuturelifesatisfactiondeclinewithage.

【要点综述】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述对未来过于乐观的人将面对残疾或死亡的巨大危险。

在研究中，研究人员发现，年轻人对未来过于乐观，中年人对未来的预测很准确，而老年人相对低估。

随着年龄的增长，人们对未来的预测越来越现实。

67．B　细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“…whilemiddle－agedadults（age40to64）moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.”知，中年人对未来预测得更准确。

故B正确。

68．C　细节理解题。

根据第六段中的“…peoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractions…”知，对未来悲观的人可能在行动时更小心、更谨慎。

句中的bemorecarefulabout与takemeasuresagainstpotentialrisks一致。

故C正确。

69．A　细节理解题。

根据第八段中的“…respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewe

reassociatedwithexpectingagrea

terdecline.”知，身体好、收入高的人认为，他们的收入在未来将会下降，即挣的钱少了。

故A正确。

70．D　推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的内容可知，研究人员认为有一点很清楚：

从少年到成年，每个人都在调整自己对未来生活的满意度，从乐观，到适度到悲观。

故D正确。

阅读理解

"What’sinaname?

”AccordingtoShakespeare’sRomeoandJuliet，thereisnottoomuch.“Thatwhichwecallarosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet."ButShakespearemayhavebeenwrong.Inmostcultures，namesmatteragreatdeal.

Americanschoosenamesfortheirchildrenwithcare.Parentsusuallythinkabouttheimpressionanamegives，notitsmeaning.MostAmericanswouldconsidera“Jennifer”moreattractivethana“Bertha"，forexample.Thelastname，or，surname，mustalsobeconsideredwhenchoosingafirstandmiddlename.AnamelikeLesterChesterHesterwouldsoundpoet

ic，butodd.Parentswouldavoidnamesthatremindthemofpeopletheydon’tlike.Ontheotherhand，peoplemightnametheirchildrenafterarespectedelderlyrelativeorevenafamousperson.Thepopularityofcertainnamescanchangewitheachnewgeneration.Namesthatwereoncecommon，likeFannyorElmer，soundold-fashionedtoday.Butothernames—likeJohnandDavid，MaryandSarah—havestoodthetestoftimeandcontinuetobefavorites.

PeopleinAmeicadon’talwayscalltheirfriendsandrelativesbytheirgivennames.Instead，theyoftenusenicknames.Sometimesnicknamesareshortformsofalongername.Forinstance，agirlnamedElizabethmaybecalledLisa，BethorBetsy.Aschildrengrowup，theymaydecideforthemselveswhichnicknametheywishtobecalled.

Somepeoplejustgobytheinitialsoftheirfirstandmiddlenames，likeB.J,orR.C.Andofcourse，peoplemaycalltheirchildrenortheirsweeth

eartsotherspecialnicknames.Oftentheyhavea“sweet”flavor，likeHoneyorSugar.What’sinaname?

Aworldofsignificance.Soifyou’rechoosinganEnglishnameforyourself，takecaretochooseagoodone.Amade—upnam

ecouldsoundstrangetonativeEnglishspeakers.AndatranslationofyourChinesenamemaynotmakeanappropriatename，either.Butagoodnamecanleaveapositiveandlastingimpression.AsanAmericanpoliticianoncesaid，“Inreallife，unlikeinShakespeare，thesweetnessoftherosedependsuponthenameitbears.”

48．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?

A.Peoplechangenamesinordertobepopularwiththenewgeneranon.

B.Nameswillchangebythemselvesinordertobepopular.

C.Somenamesmaynolongerbepopularamongthenewgeneration.

D.Nonamescanstandthetestoftime.

49．Whenchoosingnames，youshouldsticktothefollowingprinciplesEXCEPTthat

A.theimpressionanamegivesismoreimportantthanitsmeaning

B.youcannameafterawell-knownperson

C.surnameshouldbepaidattentionto

D.youcancreateanamethatisspecial

50.Theauthorwillnameanewlybornbabygirl________.

A．BerthaB.FannyC.YunyunD.Elizabeth

51.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.NameshavegreatsignificancetoAmericans.

B.Nameschangewhentimegoesby.

C.ChinesepeopleshouldbecarefulwhenchoosingtheirEnglishnames.

D.Rosessmellsweetbyanyothername.

参考答案48-51CDDA

阅读理解

ItisacommonfearamongusersofFacebookandothersocialmediaaroundtheworld—howtodealwithafriendrequestfromyourbossoremployee.

AsurveyreleasedonThursdayfoundthat56percentofAmericanssayitisirresponsibletobefriendswithabossand62percentsayitiswrongtobefriendswithanemployee.But76percentbelieveitisacceptabletobefriendswithaworkplacepeer，accordingtothesurveyof1，000peoplebyLibertyMutual’sResponsib