英语六级阅读真题与答案第1套选词填空.docx

英语六级阅读真题与答案第1套选词填空.docx

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英语六级阅读真题与答案第1套选词填空

2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案

第1套选词填空

AfterbecomingpresidentofPurdueUniversityin2013,MitchDanielsaskedthefacultytoprovethat

theirstudentshaveactuallyachieved

oneofhighereducation

’smostimportantgoals:

criticalthinkingskills.Twoyearsbefore,anationwidestudyofcollegegraduateshadshown

thatmorethanathird

had

made

no

26

gainsinsuchmentalabilities

duringtheirschoolyears.Mr.Danielsneededto__27__thehighcostofattendingPurduetoitsstudentsandtheirfamilies.After

all,

the

percentageofAmericanswhosayacollegedegreeis"veryimportant"hasfallen

28

inthelast5-6years.

Purduenowhasapilottesttoassessstudents'criticalthinkingskills.Yetlikemanycollege

teachersaroundtheU.S.,thefacultyremain__29__thattheirworkaseducatorscanbe

measured

by

"learning

30

_

"suchasagraduate'sabilitytoinvestigateandreason.However,

theprofessorsneednotworrysomuch.Theresultsofarecentexperiment

showed

that

professors

can

use

__31__metricstomeasurehowwellstudentsdointhreekeyareas:

criticalthinking,writtencommunication,andquantitativeliteracy.

Despitethesuccessoftheexperiment,theactualresultsareworrisome,andmostly__32__earlierstudies.Theorganizersoftheexperiment

concludedthatfarfewerstudentswereachievinghighlevelsoncriticalthinkingthantheyweredoingforwrittencommunicationor

quantitativeliteracy.Andthatconclusionisbasedonlyonstudentsnearinggraduation.

Americanuniversities,despitetheirglobal33__forexcellenceinteaching,haveonly

beguntodemonstratewhattheycanproduceinreal-worldlearning.Knowledge-baseddegreesarestillimportant,butemployersare

stillimportant,butemployersare__34__advancedthinkingskillsfromcollegegraduates.Iftheintellectualworthofacollegedegreecan

be__35__measured,morepeoplewillseekhighereducation—andcomeoutbetterthinkers.

A.accuratelyB.confirmC.demandingD.doubtfulE.drasticallyF.justify

G.monopolizedH.outcomeI.predominanceJ.presumingK.reputationL.significant

M.signifyN.simultaneouslyO.standardized

答案：

（26）L.significant

（27）F.justify

（28）E.drastically

（29）D.doubtful

（30）H.outcome

（31）O.standardized

（32）B.confirm

（33）K.reputation

（34）C.demanding

（35）A.accurately

2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案

第1套仔细阅读

2篇

Opendatasharersarestillintheminorityinmanyfields.Althoughmanyresearchersbroadly

agreethatpublicaccesstorawdatawouldacceleratescience,mostarereluctanttoposttheresultsoftheirownlaborsonline.

Somecommunitieshaveagreedtoshareonline—geneticists,forexample,postDNAsequence

sattheGenBankrepository（库）,andastronomersareaccustomedtoaccessingimagesof

galaxiesandstarsfrom,say,theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,atelescopethathasobservedsome500millionobjects—buttheseremaintheexcepti

on,nottherule.Historically,scientistshaveobjectedtosharingformanyreasons:

itisalotofwork;untilrecently,gooddatabasesdidnot

exist;grantfunderswerenotpushingforsharing;ithasbeendifficulttoagreeonstandards

forformattingdata;andthereisnoagreedwaytoassigncreditfordata.

Butthebarriersaredisappearing,inpartbecausejournalsandfundingagenciesworldwideareencouragingscientiststomaketheirdatapublic.Lastyear,theRoyalSocietyinLondonsaidin

itsreportthatscientistsneedto"shiftawayfromaresearchculturewheredataisviewedasaprivatepreserve".Fundingagenciesnotethatdatapaidforwithpublicmoneyshouldbepublicinformation,andthescientificcommunityisrecognizingthatdatacannowbeshareddigitallyinwaysthatwerenotpossiblebefore.Tomatchthegrowingdemand,servicesarespringingup

tomakeiteasiertopublishresearchproductsonlineandenableotherresearcherstodiscoverandcitethem.

Althoughcallstosharedataoftenconcentrateonthemoraladvantagesofsharing,thepracticeisnotpurelyaltruistic（利他

的）.Researcherswhosharegetplentyofpersonalbenefits,includingmoreconnectionswithcolleagues,improvedvisibilityandincreasedcitatio

ns.Themostsuccessfulsharers—thosewhosedataaredownloadedandcitedthemostoften---get

noticed,andtheirworkgetsused.Forexample,oneofthemostpopulardatasetsonmultidisciplinaryrepositoryDryadisaboutwooddensityaroundtheworld;ithasbeen

downloaded5,700times.Co-authorAmyZannethinksthatusersprobablyrangefromclimate-changeresearcherswantingtoestimatehowmuc

hcarbonisstoredinbiomass,toforesterslookingforinformationondifferentgradesoftimber."I'dmuchprefertohavemydatausedbythemaximumnumberofpeopletoasktheirownquestions,"shesays."It'simportanttoallow

readersandreviewerstoseeexactlyhowyouarriveatyourresults.Publishingdataandcodeallowsyoursciencetobereproducible."Evenpeoplewhosedataarelesspopularcanbenefit.Bymakingtheefforttoorganizeand

labelfilessootherscanunderstandthem,scientistsbecomemoreorganizedandbetterdisciplinedthemselves,thusavoidingconfusionlateron.

46.Whatdomanyresearchersgenerallyaccept?

A.Itisimperativetoprotectscientists'patents.

B.Repositoriesareessentialtoscientificresearch.

C.Opendatasharingismostimportanttomedicalscience.

D.Opendatasharingisconducivetoscientificadvancement.

47.Whatistheattitudeofmostresearcherstowardsmakingtheirowndatapublic?

A.Opposed.

B.Ambiguous.C.Liberal.

D.Neutral.

48.Accordingtothepassage,whatmighthinderopendatasharing?

49.Whathelpsliftsomeofthebarrierstoopendatasharing?

A.Theever-growingdemandforbigdata.

B.Theadvancementofdigitaltechnology.

C.Thechangingattitudeofjournalsandfunders.D.Thetrendofsocialandeconomicdevelopment.

50.Dryadservesasanexampletoshowhowopendatasharing________.A.isbecomingincreasinglypopular

B.benefitssharersandusersalikeC.makesresearcherssuccessfulD.savesbothmoneyandlabor

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Macy'sreporteditssalesplunged5.2%inNovemberandDecemberatstoresopenmorethanayear,adisappointingholidayseasonperformancethatcappedadifficultyearforadepartmentstorechainfacingwide-rangingchallenges.ItsflagshipstoresinmajorU.S.citiesdependheavilyoninternationaltouristspending,whichshrankatmanyretailersduetoastrongdollar.Meanwhile,Macy'shassimplystruggled

tolureconsumerswhoaremoreinterestedinspendingontravelordiningoutthanonnewclothesoraccessories.

ThecompanyblamedmuchofthepoorperformanceinNovemberandDecemberonunseasonablywarmweather."About80%ofourcompany'syear-over-yeardeclinesincomparablesalescanbeattributedtoshortfalls（短缺）incold-weathergoods,"saidchiefexecutiveTenyLundgreninapressrelease.Thispromptedthecompanytocutitsforecastsforthefullfourthquarter.

However,it'sclearthatMacy'sbelievesitstroublesrundeeperthanatemporaryaberration（偏离）offthethermometer.Theretailgiantsaidthepoorfinancialperformancethisyearhaspushedittobeginimplementing$400millionincost-cuttingmeasures.Thecompanypledgedtocut600back-officepositions,thoughsome150workersinthoseroleswouldbereassignedtootherjobs.Italsoplanstooffer"voluntaryseparation"packagesto165seniorexecutives.Itwillslashstaffingatitsfleetof770stores,amoveaffectingsome3,000employees.

Theretaileralsoannouncedthelocationsof36storesitwillcloseinearly2016.Thecompanyhadpreviouslyannouncedtheplannedclosures,buthadnotsaidwhichlocationswouldbeaffected.Noneofthechain'sstoresintheWashingtonmetropolitanareaaretobeclosed.

Macy'shasbeenmovingaggressivelytotrytoremakeitselfforaneweraofshopping.IthasplanstoopenmorelocationsofMacy'sBackstage,anewly-developedoff-priceconceptwhichmighthelpitbettercompetewithambitiousT.J.Maxx.It'salsopushingaheadin2016withanexpansionofBluemercury,thebeautychainitboughtlastyear.AtatimewhenyoungbeautyshoppersareoftenturningtoSephoraorUltainsteadofdepartmentstorebeautycounters,Macy'shopesBluemercurywillhelpstrengthenitspositioninthecategory.

OnerelativebrightspotforMacy'sduringtheholidayseasonwastheonlinechannel,whereitrangup"double-digit"increasesinsalesand

a25%increaseinthenumberofordersitfilled.Thatrelativestrengthwouldbeconsistentwithwhatwasseeninthewilderretailindustry

duringtheearlypartoftheholidayseason.WhileThanksgiving,BlackFridayandCyberMondayallsawrecordspendingonline,in-storesales

plungedovertheholidayweekend.

51.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheshrinkingspendingofinternationaltouristsintheU.S.?

A.ItisattributabletotherisingvalueoftheU.S.dollar.

B.Itisadirectresultoftheglobaleconomicrecession.

C.Itreflectsashiftoftheirinterestinconsumergoods.

D.ItposesapotentialthreattotheretailbusinessintheU.S.

52.WhatdoesMacy'sbelieveaboutitsproblems?

A.Theycanbesolvedwithbettermanagement.B.Theycannotbeattributedtoweatheronly.

C.Theyarenotasseriousinitsonlinestores.D.Theycallforincreasedinvestments.

53.Inordertocutcosts,Macy'sdecidedto________.

54.WhydoesMacy'splantoexpandBluemercuryin2016?

A.Toexperimentonitsnewbusinessconcept.

B.Tofocusmoreonbeautyproductsthanclothing.C.Topromotesalesofitsproductsbyloweringprices.D.Tobemorecompetitiveinsalesofbeautypro