辽宁沈阳东北育才校高二下第一阶段考英语卷含答案及解析.docx

辽宁沈阳东北育才校高二下第一阶段考英语卷含答案及解析.docx

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辽宁沈阳东北育才校高二下第一阶段考英语卷含答案及解析

2019年辽宁沈阳东北育才校高二下第一阶段考英语卷【含答案及解析】

姓名___________班级____________分数__________

题号

一

二

三

四

五

六

总分

得分

一、阅读理解

1.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

•AmericanMalinois（玛伦牧羊犬）

Wehaveextralarge,strongandhealthypuppiesbornonMay29,2014andraisedon2.5acresfencedinWillistonHighlandsbyAmericanMalinoisFoundation.

Theyarenotcagedorhome-raisedMalinois.Theyhavetakenswimmingtrainingandfullexerciseroutinewiththeirparentstomakesuretheyknowhowtoguardthemselvesandotherthingsthisbreedcando.Iworkspecificallyontheoneswhichhaveservicedogqualities.

Myidealbuyerwouldbeadisabledpersoninneedofamobileormedicalalertservicedog.TheAmericanMalinoisisaworkingdogandismostcontenttobondwithonepersonandonlyfollowthisperson’sorders.Potentialownersshouldbefamiliarorexperiencedwiththisbreed.

Myfeerepresentsthecostoffeeding,grooming,boarding,training,medicalandregistrationwiththeCKC（ContinentalKennelClub）.Puppieswillhavehealthcertificatesfromvets.

Toseevideosofthepuppiesandtheirparents,gotoYouTubeandsearch:

AmericanMalinoisFoundation.

•MiniSchnauzers（雪纳瑞犬）

Wehave4malesand4females.Ourpuppiescomewithahealthguarantee.Theyaretrainedandallofthemhavegreatpersonalitiesandwouldbeagreatadditiontoanyhome.Thesepuppiesareforpetsonly.Tokeepourbloodlinespure,wedonotallowourpuppiestobebred.Wehavebeenbreedingforover13yearsandweonlybreedMiniSchnauzers.Theyarethebestdogs.Theyareverysmart.Wewillnotshipourpuppies.Wehavehadpeopledriveover1500milestopurchaseourbabies.

1..FromParagraph3,wecaninferthattheAmericanMalinoisis　　　.

A.lonely______________________________________B.active

C.experiencedD.loyal

2.WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribeMiniSchnauzers?

A.Socializedandcute.______________B.Cleverandbrave.

C.Healthyandclever.______________D.Professionalandstrong.

3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Toshowtwokindsofdogsheloves.

B.Toadvertisetwokindsofdogsonsale.

C.Toshowthatdogsareourbestfriends.

D.Toprovethatdogsarewell-trained.

2.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Newresearchshowsthatkidsfromlow-incomefamiliesmaybefallingbehindtheirpeersbecauseanimportantpartoftheirbrainsisunderdeveloped.

ResearchersfromMIT’sMcGovernInstituteforBrainResearchcomparedthebrainsof12-and13-year-oldsfromrichfamilieswiththebrainsoftheirpeersfromlower-incomefamilies.Theyfoundthatoneparticularareaofthebrain—theneocortex（新皮质）,whichplaysakeyroleinmemoryandlearningability—isthinnerinchildrenfromlower-incomehouseholds.

Thisisacrucialpartofthebrainforyoungstudents,whoareoftentestedbasedontheirabilitytorecalllargechunksofinformation.Childrenwhohadathinnerneocortexperformedpoorlyonstandardizedtests,researchersfound.Morethan90%ofhigh-incomestudentsscoredaboveaverageonastatewidemathandEnglish/LanguageArtsstandardizedtest,comparedwithlessthan60%oflow-incomestudents.Differencesincortical（脑皮层）thicknesscouldaccountforalmosthalfoftheincome-achievementgapinthissample,researcherswrote.

“Justasyouwouldexpect,there’sarealcostnotlivinginasupportiveenvironment.Wecanseeitnotonlyintestscores,ineducationalattainment,butwithinthebrainsofthesechildren,”sayspsychologicalscientistJohnGabrieli,aprofessorofbrainandcognitivesciencesatMITandoneofthestudy’sauthors.

Sincea2011studypublishedbyStanfordUniversityprofessorSeanReardonfoundthatthegapbetweenstandardizedtestscoresofhigh-incomeandlow-incomestudentshasgrownbyabout40%sincethe1960s,there’sbeenalotofresearchaimedatfindinglinksbetweenincomeandachievement,ratherthanracealone.TheMITstudyfoundlow-incomechildrenwereequallylikelytohaveathinnerneocortex,nomattertheirraces.

Gabrieliandhisco-authorscan’tsayexactlywhypoorchildren’sbrainsdevelopdifferentlybecausetherearetoomanypossibilitiestocount.Theirfindingsdo,however,underlinetheimportanceofearlyintervention（干预）toensurethatlow-incomekidsgetthetoolstheyneedtosucceed.

1.What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Tolistsomefindings.

B.Togivesomeadvice.

C.Todosomecomparisons.

D.Toshowthemainideaofthetext.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crucial”inParagraph3mean?

A.Special.___________________________________B.Important.

C.Separate._________________________________D.Unknown.

3.WhatJohnGabrielisaysinParagraph4mainlyshowstheimportanceof　　　.

A.cognitiveability

B.educationalattainment

C.havingdevelopedbrains

D.livingin