英语人教必修五Unit 2 The United Kingdom.docx

英语人教必修五Unit 2 The United Kingdom.docx

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英语人教必修五Unit2TheUnitedKingdom

Unit2TheUnitedKingdom

同步练习

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个||选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

TowardstheendofMiddle||English,asuddenchangeinpronu||nciationstarted,withvowels（元||音）beingpronouncedshorterandshorter.Fromthe16thcenturytheBritishhadc||ontact（接触）withmanypeop||lefromaroundtheworld.Thismeantthatlotsofn||ewvocabularyenteredthelanguage.T||heinventionofprintingalso||meantthattherewasnowacommonlanguageinprint.Bo||oksbecamecheaperandmore||peoplelearnedtoread.Spellingandgrammarbecamefix||ed,andthedialectofLondonbecam||ethestandard.In16||04thefirstEnglishdictiona||rycameout.

EarlyModernEng||lishandLateModernEnglisharem||ostlydifferentinth||enumberofwords.LateMod||ernEnglishhasmany||morewords,mainlybecause||ofthefollowingtwore||asons:

First,theIndust||rialRevolution（工业革命）ledtothenee||dfornewwords.Second,theBritishEmpirecoveredonequarterofth||eearth'ssurface,andt||heEnglishlanguagetookin||foreignwordsfromman||ycountries.

Fromaround1600,theEnglishcolonization（||殖民地化）ofNorthAmericaledtoAmericanEnglish.SomeEnglishpr||onunciationsandwords“froze||”whentheyreachedAm||erica.Insomeways,AmericanEngl||ishismoreliketheEnglisho||fShakespearethanmodernBritishEnglish.Someexpressionsthatarecalled“AmericanEnglish”||areinfactfromBritishe||xpressions.Theywerekeptinthecoloni||eswhilelostforati||meinBritain.Spanishalsoh||adaninfluence（影响）on||AmericanEnglish.Forexample||,wordslikecanyon,||ranch,stampedeandvigilantearefr||omSpanish.TheyenteredEnglish||bythepeopleofSpainwhose||ttledintheAmericanWest||.FrenchwordsandWestAfri||canwordsalsoinfluencedAmericanEnglish.

Today,AmericanEnglishhas||agreaterinfluence,becauseoftheUSA'smovies,television,||popularmusic,tradeandtechnol||ogy.

1．Themaindifferenceb||etweenEarlyandLateModernEnglis||hliesin_________.

A．vocabularyB．pronunciation

C．spellingD．grammar

2．Fromthepassage，wec||anlearntheword“canyon”isfro||m_____.

A．Americandiale||ctB．Africandialect

C．SpanishD．French

3．Thethirdparagraphmainlytalksabout___.

A．English||coloniesinNorthAmerica

B．th||edevelopmentofAmer||icanEnglish

C．otherlanguages||'influenceonAmericanEnglish

D．thedi||fferencebetweenAmeri||canEnglishandBritish||English

4．Theunderlinedw||ord“froze”canbestbereplacedby__||_.

A．remainedunchangedB．disa||ppeared

C．improvedD．keptactive

B

London'snewestskysc||raper（摩天大楼）iscalledtheShardanditcostabout430mill||ionpoundstobuild.Atahe||ightofalmost310metres,||itisthetallestbuildinginEurope.TheShardhascomplet||elychangedtheappearanc||eofLondon.However,noteveryonethi||nksthatitisachangeforth||ebetter.

TheShardwasd||esignedbythefamousItaliana||rchitectRenzoPiano.WhenhebegandesigningtheShardforLondon,Pianowantedave||rytallbuildingthatlo||okedlikeaspire（尖顶）.Hewantedt||heglasssurfacestorefl||ecttheskyandthecity.T||hesidesofthebuildingaren'tregula||r.Sothebuildinghasanunusu||alshape.Itlookslikeaveryth||in,sharppieceofbroken||glass.Andthatishowthebuil||dinggotthename:

theShard.Piano||saysthatthespireshapeoftheShardispartofagreatLondont||radition.Theshaperemindshi||mofthespiresofthechurche||sofLondonorthetallm||asts（桅杆）oftheshipsthatwereonceontherive||rThames.

TheShardha||s87floors.Atthetop,th||ereisanobservatory.Atthemomentthebuildingisempty,buteventuallytherewillbeafive－||starhotel.Therewillalsobetop||qualityrestaurants,apartmentsa||ndoffices.

Beforebuildingworkbega||n,alotofpeopledidn'twanttheShardthoughtheplanswerea||pproved.Nowtheyarestillu||nhappyabouttheShard.Somecr||iticssaythatsuchatallsk||yscrapermightbegoodinacitylikeNewYork,butnotinL||ondon.Theysaythatthebest||thingabouttheShardisitsspire||shape.Butthatistheonlything.Thereisnodecoration,onlyfla||tsurfaces.TheEgyptiansdid||that4,500yearsago.Theyalsoth||inktheShardistoobigforL||ondon.Itdestroysthe||beautyofthecity.

Othercriti||csdon'tlikewhattheShardsee||mstorepresent.TheysaythattheSh||ardshowshowLondonisb||ecomingmoreunequal.Onlyveryrichpeoplec||anaffordtobuytheexpensi||veprivateapartmentsandsta||yinthehotel.ButthepeoplewholiveneartheShardareamo||ngthepoorestinLondon.Sothe||Shardseemsasymbolofthedivisioninsocietybetweenthe||veryrichandthepoor.

TheSh||ardnowdominatestheLo||ndonskyline.Itisnotcertai||n,however,thatordinaryLondonciti||zenswilleveracceptitasavaluableaddition||tothecity.

5．London'snewestskyscra||periscalledtheShardbecauseof__.

A．itssizeB．itscost

C．itsshapeD．itsheight

6．Whenh||edesignedtheShard,Pianowantedi||tto___.

A．changeLondon'sskyline

B．inheritLondon'stradition

C．imitatetheEgyptianstyle

D．attractpotentialvisitors

7．Thecriticswhorefertosocialdivis||ionthinktheShard___.

A．isonl||ypreferredbytherich

B．isf||arawayfromthepoorarea

C．isint||endedforwealthypeople

D．i||spopularonlywithLondoners

8．Which||wouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

___

A．TheShard:

CheersandClaps

B．TheS||hard:

WorkofaGreatArch||itect

C．TheShard:

Ne||wSymbolofLondon?

D．The||Shard:

AChangefortheBe||tter?

C

Canadaisaverylarge||country.Itisthese||condlargestcountryintheworld.B||ycontrastithasaverysmallpopula||tion.Thereareonlymoretha||n30millionpeoplethere.MostCanadiansareofBriti||shorFrenchorigin,an||dFrenchisanofficiallanguageofC||anadaaswellasEnglish.About45%ofthepeopleareofB||ritishorigin,thatis,||theyortheirparentsorgrandparents||,etc.,comefromBritain.Nearly30%||areofFrench_origin__.Mostoft||heFrench－Canadianslive||intheprovinceofQuebec||.

Overtheyears,peoplehavecom||etoliveinCanadaf||rommanycountriesintheworld.The||yarefrommostEuropeancou||ntriesandalsofromChina,andoth||erAsiancountries.

However，Canadawa||snotanemptycountrywhentheEuropean||sbegantoarrive.Canadian－Indi||anslivedalongthecoast,bytheriver||sandlakesandinforests.Todayth||ereareonlyabout350,||000Indiansinthewho||lecountry,withtheirownlangu||ages.InthefarnorthlivetheIn||uit.Thereareonly27,000Canadian||－Inuit.Theirlifeisha||rdinsuchadifficultclimate.

9．||About________liveinQuebec.

A．30%oftheFrench－Canadians

B．45%oftheCanadians

C．29,000,000people

D．9,000,000French－Canadians

10．Theoffic||iallanguagesofCanadaare___.

A.EnglishandChinese

B.FrenchandEnglish

C.IndianandEnglish

D.ChineseandInuit

11．The||word“origin”inthispassagemeans“||__”．

A．血统B．后裔

C．先驱D．猿人

12.W||hichofthefollowingisTRUEa||ccordingtothispassage?

___

A.Thereare27,000Canadian－IndiansinC||anada.

B.Morethan13millionpeoplehavecomefrom||BritainandFranceinrecentyears.

C.Thereareabout30%ofthepopulationwhoseparentsorgra||ndparentscomefromFrance.

D.The||rewerenopeoplewhentheEuropeansb||egantoarriveinCanad||a.

D

Thereisanoldsaying：

“Don'tj||udgeabookbyitscov||er.”Itmeansthatyou||shouldn'tbuildyourfirstimpr||essionofsomeoneonhisorherlooksalone.Butac||cordingtoanewstudy，||thefamoussayingmightnotbecorrect||afterall.AgroupofUSs||cientistshavefoundth||atthefirstimpressionwehaveof||someoneelseisactuallyrightm||ostofthetime.

Inthestudy,scien||tistsaskedparticipantstolookataphotographofapersonandma||keaquickjudgment||abouthimorher.Amonthlater,thep||articipantandtheperso||ninthephotowereintrodu||ced,andscientistswereshockedtofi||ndthattheirjudgmentsoftenm||atchthosethattheyhadmadeorigin||ally.

It'struethatsimplylookingatsomeonewon'tprovideyouwithasmuchinformation.But,according||toscientists，whenmakingaf||irstimpression,peoplerelymo||reontheirinstincts（直觉）||thanonlogic（逻辑）.“Theyfocusonhowthatpersonmakesthemf||eel，”PaulEastwicko||ftheUniversityofTexastoldLiveScience.“Itisveryhardto||getasenseofthisinfor||mationwhensimplyviewingaprofile（简介||）．Assoonasoneseesan||otherperson,animpress||ionisformedandwhatw||eseecansometimesdominatewhatwek||now.”

Ofcourse,noonecanberightabo||uteverythingandyourinstinctsc||angowrongsometimes.Buteven||ifitisproventobewron||g,oncepeopleformanopi||nionaboutsomeone,theyhaveahardtimegettingoverthatop||inionlateron.

Thefindingshelpexplai||nwhypeoplealwaystidyt||hemselvesupbeforemeetingguestsor||doingjobinterviews.

“Theirfaceconstantlyremindsusofthat||firstimpression，”saidRule.Peopl||emaylearnmoreaboutanotherperson||overtimeoncetheygetclos||etoeachother,butfirstimpressi||onsremainveryimportantand||seemdifficulttoforget.

13.WhatdidtheUSscientistsoftheUniv||ersityofTexasfindoutinthe||irrecentstudy?

____

A.It||'sunwisetojudgeabookby||itscover.

B.It'sbettertoj||udgebylogicthanbyinstinct||s.

C.Firstimpressionsareri||ghtmostofthetime.

D.Prof||ilesprovidemoreinfor||mationthanyouhaveimagined.

1||4．Theunderlinedword“do||minate”inParagraph3isclosestinmea||ningto“__”．

A.determineB．change

C.coverD．acquire

15.W||ecanconcludefromthearticleth||at______.

A.firstimpressi||onsnevergowrong

B.it'sdi||fficulttochangeawrongfirstimpressi||on

C.ittakes