英语人教必修五Unit 2 The United Kingdom.docx

1、英语人教必修五Unit 2 The United KingdomUnit 2 The United Kingdom同步练习阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个|选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 ATowards the end of Middle |English, a sudden change in pronu|nciation started, with vowels (元|音) being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had c|ontact (接触) with many peop

2、|le from around the world. This meant that lots of n|ew vocabulary entered the language. T|he invention of printing also |meant that there was now a common language in print. Bo|oks became cheaper and more |people learned to read. Spelling and grammar became fix|ed, and the dialect of London becam|e

3、 the standard. In 16|04 the first English dictiona|ry came out.Early Modern Eng|lish and Late Modern English are m|ostly different in th|e number of words. Late Mod|ern English has many |more words, mainly because |of the following two re|asons: First, the Indust|rial Revolution (工业革命) led to the ne

4、e|d for new words. Second, the British Empire covered one quarter of th|e earths surface, and t|he English language took in |foreign words from man|y countries.From around 1600, the English colonization (|殖民地化) of North America led to American English. Some English pr|onunciations and words “froze|”

5、 when they reached Am|erica. In some ways, American Engl|ish is more like the English o|f Shakespeare than modern British English. Some expressions that are called “American English” |are in fact from British e|xpressions. They were kept in the coloni|es while lost for a ti|me in Britain. Spanish al

6、so h|ad an influence (影响) on |American English. For example|, words like canyon, |ranch, stampede and vigilante are fr|om Spanish. They entered English |by the people of Spain who se|ttled in the American West|. French words and West Afri|can words also influenced American English.Today, American En

7、glish has |a greater influence, because of the USAs movies, television, |popular music, trade and technol|ogy.1The main difference b|etween Early and Late Modern Englis|h lies in_.Avocabulary BpronunciationCspelling Dgrammar2From the passage，we c|an learn the word “canyon” is fro|m _.AAmerican diale

8、|ct BAfrican dialectCSpanish DFrench3The third paragraph mainly talks about _ _.AEnglish |colonies in North AmericaBth|e development of Amer|ican EnglishCother languages| influence on American EnglishDthe di|fference between Ameri|can English and British |English4The underlined w|ord“froze” can best

9、 be replaced by _ _|_.Aremained unchanged Bdisa|ppearedCimproved Dkept activeBLondons newest skysc|raper (摩天大楼) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 mill|ion pounds to build. At a he|ight of almost 310 metres, |it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has complet|ely changed the appearan

10、c|e of London. However, not everyone thi|nks that it is a change for th|e better.The Shard was d|esigned by the famous Italian a|rchitect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a ve|ry tall building that lo|oked like a spire (尖顶). He wanted t|he glass surfaces to ref

11、l|ect the sky and the city. T|he sides of the building arent regula|r. So the building has an unusu|al shape. It looks like a very th|in, sharp piece of broken |glass. And that is how the buil|ding got the name: the Shard. Piano |says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London t|rad

12、ition. The shape reminds hi|m of the spires of the churche|s of London or the tall m|asts (桅杆) of the ships that were once on the rive|r Thames.The Shard ha|s 87 floors. At the top, th|ere is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five|star hotel. There w

13、ill also be top |quality restaurants, apartments a|nd offices.Before building work bega|n, a lot of people didnt want the Shard though the plans were a|pproved. Now they are still u|nhappy about the Shard. Some cr|itics say that such a tall sk|yscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not

14、in L|ondon. They say that the best |thing about the Shard is its spire |shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only fla|t surfaces. The Egyptians did |that 4,500 years ago. They also th|ink the Shard is too big for L|ondon. It destroys the |beauty of the city.Other criti|cs dont

15、like what the Shard see|ms to represent. They say that the Sh|ard shows how London is b|ecoming more unequal. Only very rich people c|an afford to buy the expensi|ve private apartments and sta|y in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are amo|ng the poorest in London. So the |Shard seem

16、s a symbol of the division in society between the |very rich and the poor.The Sh|ard now dominates the Lo|ndon skyline. It is not certai|n, however, that ordinary London citi|zens will ever accept it as a valuable addition |to the city. 5Londons newest skyscra|per is called the Shard because of _.Ai

17、ts size Bits cost Cits shape Dits height6When h|e designed the Shard, Piano wanted i|t to _ _.Achange Londons skyline Binherit Londons tradition Cimitate the Egyptian styleDattract potential visitors7The critics who refer to social divis|ion think the Shard _ _.Ais onl|y preferred by the rich Bis f|

18、ar away from the poor areaCis int|ended for wealthy peopleDi|s popular only with Londoners8Which |would be the best title for the passage? _AThe Shard: Cheers and ClapsBThe S|hard: Work of a Great Arch|itectCThe Shard: Ne|w Symbol of London?DThe |Shard: A Change for the Be|tter?CCanada is a very lar

19、ge |country. It is the se|cond largest country in the world. B|y contrast it has a very small popula|tion. There are only more tha|n 30 million people there. Most Canadians are of Briti|sh or French origin, an|d French is an official language of C|anada as well as English. About 45% of the people ar

20、e of B|ritish origin, that is, |they or their parents or grandparents|, etc. , come from Britain. Nearly 30% |are of French _origin_. Most of t|he FrenchCanadians live |in the province of Quebec|. Over the years, people have com|e to live in Canada f|rom many countries in the world. The|y are from m

21、ost European cou|ntries and also from China, and oth|er Asian countries. However，Canada wa|s not an empty country when the European|s began to arrive. CanadianIndi|ans lived along the coast, by the river|s and lakes and in forests. Today th|ere are only about 350,|000 Indians in the who|le country,

22、with their own langu|ages. In the far north live the In|uit. There are only 27,000 Canadian|Inuit. Their life is ha|rd in such a difficult climate.9|About _ live in Quebec.A30%of the FrenchCanadiansB45% of the CanadiansC29,000,000 peopleD9,000,000 FrenchCanadians10The offic|ial languages of Canada a

23、re_ _.A. English and ChineseB. French and EnglishC. Indian and EnglishD. Chinese and Inuit11The |word “origin” in this passage means“ |_”A血统 B后裔C先驱 D猿人12. W|hich of the following is TRUE a|ccording to this passage? _A. There are 27,000 CanadianIndians in C|anada.B. More than 13 million people have c

24、ome from |Britain and France in recent years.C. There are about 30% of the population whose parents or gra|ndparents come from France.D. The|re were no people when the Europeans b|egan to arrive in Canad|a.DThere is an old saying：“Dont j|udge a book by its cov|er.” It means that you |shouldnt build

25、your first impr|ession of someone on his or her looks alone. But ac|cording to a new study，|the famous saying might not be correct |after all. A group of US s|cientists have found th|at the first impression we have of |someone else is actually right m|ost of the time.In the study, scien|tists asked

26、participants to look at a photograph of a person and ma|ke a quick judgment |about him or her. A month later, the p|articipant and the perso|n in the photo were introdu|ced, and scientists were shocked to fi|nd that their judgments often m|atch those that they had made origin|ally.Its true that simp

27、ly looking at someone wont provide you with as much information. But, according |to scientists，when making a f|irst impression, people rely mo|re on their instincts(直觉) |than on logic(逻辑). “They focus on how that person makes them f|eel，” Paul Eastwick o|f the University of Texas told Live Science.

28、“It is very hard to |get a sense of this infor|mation when simply viewing a profile(简介|)As soon as one sees an|other person, an impress|ion is formed and what w|e see can sometimes dominate what we k|now.”Of course, no one can be right abo|ut everything and your instincts c|an go wrong sometimes. Bu

29、t even |if it is proven to be wron|g, once people form an opi|nion about someone, they have a hard time getting over that op|inion later on.The findings help explai|n why people always tidy t|hemselves up before meeting guests or |doing job interviews.“Their face constantly reminds us of that |first

30、 impression，” said Rule. Peopl|e may learn more about another person |over time once they get clos|e to each other, but first impressi|ons remain very important and |seem difficult to forget.13. What did the US scientists of the Univ|ersity of Texas find out in the|ir recent study? _A. It|s unwise t

31、o judge a book by |its cover.B. Its better to j|udge by logic than by instinct|s.C. First impressions are ri|ght most of the time.D. Prof|iles provide more infor|mation than you have imagined.1|4The underlined word “do|minate” in Paragraph 3 is closest in mea|ning to“ _”A. determine BchangeC. cover Dacquire15. W|e can conclude from the article th|at_.A. first impressi|ons never go wrongB. its di|fficult to change a wrong first impressi|onC. it takes