高中英语人教版必修三教学案Unit4Section3含答案.docx
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高中英语人教版必修三教学案Unit4Section3含答案
高中英语人教版必修三教学案:
Unit-4-Section-3-含答案
[语法初识]
原句感知
自主探究
①Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
②Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.
③Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.
④Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.
⑤Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.
⑥Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.
(1)以上各句皆为主从复合句,句中黑体部分为名词性从句作主语,称之为主语从句。
(2)what引导主语从句,what在从句中作表语(句①),主语(句③),及宾语(句⑤)。
(3)whether引导主语从句,意为:
是否(句②⑥)。
(4)可用it作形式主语,真正的主语为名词性从句(句④由that引导主语从句)。
[语法剖析]
语法点一
定义
在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。
Whatmadeherhappywasthatshewonthegameinsuchanimportantmatch.
令她高兴的是在这么重要的比赛中她获胜了。
ItisdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextMonday.
已经定下来将会议推迟到下周一了。
语法点二
主语从句的连接词及其句法功能
1.连接词that和whether/if
(1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分,本身无任何意义,只起连接作用,但不可省略。
Thatweareinvitedtotheconcertthiseveningisgoodnewstous.
我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会,这对我们来说是个好消息。
(2)whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分,起连接作用,意为“是否”,不可省略。
Whethertheplanwillbecarriedoutisstillunknown.
=Itisstillunknownif/whethertheplanwillbecarriedout.
这个计划是否会实施还不知道。
[点津] whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,前面需用it作形式主语。
即时演练1
完成句子
①That_she_could_come_to_help_usmadeusveryhappy.
她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。
②Whether_he_can_finish_his_task_on_timeisofgreatimportance.
他能否按时完成任务非常重要。
2.连接代词(who,whose,whom,what,which,whichever,whoever,whomever,whatever等)。
连接代词引导主语从句,在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
Whowillgototheconcertisunknown.
不知道谁会去听音乐会。
Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded.
无论谁做了这项工作一定要得到酬谢。
Whatthelecturersaidisofgreatvalue.
演讲者所讲的非常有价值。
[点津] who引导的主语从句表示一件“事情”,而whoever引导的主语从句指“人”。
3.连接副词(when,where,how,why等)。
连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
Whenwewillhaveameetingisanimportantquestion.
我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。
Howtheywillsolvetheseriousproblemhasn'tbeendecided.
他们将怎样解决这个严重的问题还没有决定。
[点津] 名词性从句引导词的确定步骤:
(1)分析句式结构,明确名词性从句在句中的功能;
(2)明确名词性从句所表达的意义;
(3)明确名词性从句中所需要的成分及意义;
(4)确定从句的引导词。
即时演练2
用连接代词或连接副词填空并写出它们在从句中所作的语法成分
①WhyJohnwaslatefortheclasshasbeenunexplained.状语
②Whichpartofthecountryhewilltraveltoneedsdiscussing.定语
③Wherecarswillbeparkedinthefutureisaquestion.状语
④Whatweshoulddonextremainsunknown.宾语
⑤Whoeverisinterestedintheactivitycansignyournames.主语
语法点三
主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构
1.It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,strange,etc.)+主语从句
Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocometotheparty.
她是否能来参加聚会还很难说。
Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent(should)masteroneortwoforeignlanguages.
大学生掌握一两门外语是必要的。
[点津] 在“It+be+形容词+主语从句”结构中,若形容词为important/necessary/
strange等时,主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。
2.It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,apity,a/nosurprise,etc.)+主语从句
It'sapitythatyoumissedthefilm.
你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。
3.It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,proved,etc.)+主语从句
Itisreportedthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.
据报道在这起事故中没有乘客受伤。
[点津] 在“It+be+过去分词+主语从句”结构中,过去分词若为suggested/ordered/
required/advised等时,主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。
4.It+不及物动词(happen,seem,appear,etc.)+主语从句
IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.
碰巧那天我不在。
5.It+及物动词+宾语+主语从句
Itsurprisedhimwhytheycametovisithimsuddenly.
让他吃惊的是他们为什么突然都来看他。
即时演练3
句型转换
①Thathesuddenlyfellilllastmonthsurprisedus.
→Itsurprisedusthathesuddenlyfellilllastmonth.
②Whethershewillcomeornotdoesn'tmatter.
→Itdoesn'tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.
③Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntousall.
→Itisknowntousallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.
语法点四
主语从句中应注意的问题
1.从句要用陈述语序
Howhesucceededisstillapuzzle.
他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。
2.主谓一致
(1)从句作主语时,主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
Wherehewillgetajobaftergraduationhaspuzzledhimmuch.
毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。
[点津] what引导主语从句时,有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
Whattheschoolneedsmostarebooks.
这所学校最需要的是书。
(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时,谓语动词用单数。
Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgohavenotbeendecidedyet.
他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。
Whenandwheretheywillholdthemeetingisnotclear.
他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。
即时演练4
单句改错
①Whenwillwesetoffisstillunderdiscussion.
will_we→we_will
②Whatheneedsmostaremoney.are→is
③Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldhavenotbeendecided.have→has
④Thatthecoalworkersarestillaliveareawonder.
第二个are→is
[链接高考]
单句语法填空
1.(2016·江苏高考)Itisoftenthecasethatanythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.
2.(2016·北京高考)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.
3.(2015·江苏高考)WhereLiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon'tacceptit.
4.(2015·北京高考)Howweunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.
5.(2014·大纲版全国卷)ExactlywhenthepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.
6.(2014·陕西高考)Whenthedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.
7.(2014·天津高考)Ithinkwhatimpressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.
8.(2014·北京高考)Somepeoplebelievewhathashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.
9.(2013·北京高考)Whatmakesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.
10.(2013·四川高考)Whatyousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthecompany.
[针对演练]
Ⅰ.句型转换
1.Hecouldn'tunderstandthat,asateacherofChinese,hehadbeenaskedtoteachhistory.
→Whathecouldn'tunderstandwasthat,asateacherofChinese,hehadbeenaskedtoteachhistory.
2.Whenandwheretogoonabusinesstriphasn'tbeendecided.
→Ithasn'tbeendecidedwhenandwheretogoonabusinesstrip.
3.Wedon'tknowwhowilltaketheplaceofMrSmith.
→WhowilltaketheplaceofMrSmithisn'tknowntous.
4.MyunclehappenedtobeoutwhenIvisitedhimonSunday.
→IthappenedthatmyunclewasoutwhenIvisitedhimonSunday.
5.Whethertheoldcouplewilllikethetripabroadornotremainstobeseen.
→Itremainstobeseenwhethertheoldcouplewilllikethetripabroadornot.
6.Itmakesnodifferencehowyougetthere.
→Howyougettheremakesnodifference.
7.Literarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriter,interestsmemost.
→Whatinterestsmemostisliterarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriters.
8.Ourdesireisthatyoushouldprovidesomemoneytofundourprogram,aswellasofferussomepracticalsuggestions.
→It'sourdesirethatyoushouldprovidesomemoneytofundourprogram,aswellasofferussomepracticalsuggestions.
9.Everyonepresentwasinterestedinhowhemanagedtosurviveintheforest.
→Howhemanagedtosurviveintheforestinterestedeveryonepresent.
10.Toourexcitement,hewillattendthemeeting.
→Thathewillattendthemeetinghasexcitedallofus.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.That_drought_affected_the_area_so_deeplyhasmadepeopleworried.
干旱严重影响了这个地区,这让人担忧。
2.Itisstillunknownif/whether_the_film_will_be_released.
这个电影是否会上映还不知道。
3.Itisorderedthattheconstructionofthesportsgroundshould_be_completed_next_week.
命令操场建设下周完成。
4.What_role_he_will_play_in_this_activityhasn'tbeendecided.
他在这次活动中将起什么作用还未定下来。
5.What_she_is_buying_nowaresomemagazines.
现在她正在买的东西是一些杂志。
6.Itisclearthat_somebody_came_to_visit_him_just_now.
很明显刚刚有人来拜访过他。
7.When_the_dispute_in_this_area_will_stoppuzzlesmanypeople.
这个地区的争执(dispute)何时结束让很多人困惑。
8.Itisapitythat_the_young_boy_has_to_drop_out_of_school_to_help_his_fathertoraisehisfamily.
遗憾的是小男孩为了帮父亲养家只好辍学。
9.Why_she_didn't_attend_the_wedding_partyisthatshehadaheadache.
她没有出席婚礼宴会的原因是她头痛。
10.Itisnotimportantwho_should_attend_the_meetinginsteadofhim.
谁将代替他出席会议并不重要。
Ⅲ.短文改错
AfunnythinghappenedmysisterTinalastmonth.InJapan,peopleusuallydon'twearhisoutdoorshoesinthehouseoratschool,andalotofbuildingshadplacesforshoes.Herschoolhasaspecialplaceforshoes,either.It'sashoebox.TinateachesEnglishintheevening.OneFriday,shewenttoschoolandputhershoesintheshoeboxesasusual.Afterclassshegotreadytoleave.Buttothesurprise,hershoesweren'tinthebox.Therewereonlyonepairofshoesthere,andtheyweren'thershoes!
Shehadtoleavewithahurry,sosheputontheshoesandleftoff.OnMonday,inhernextEnglishclass,hershoeswereinashoppingbagonherdesk.Therewasanotesaying,“I'msosorry.Itakeyourshoesbymistake!
”
答案:
第一句:
happened后加to
第二句:
his→their;had→have
第三句:
either→too
第六句:
boxes→box
第八句:
第一个the→her
第九句:
were→was
第十句:
with→in;去掉off
第十二句:
take→took