高考英语阅读理解人物故事专题训练答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解人物故事专题训练答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解人物故事专题训练答案

高考英语阅读理解（人物故事）专题训练答案

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类

1．Directions:

Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

   Whenshewastenyearsold,IsadoraDuncandroppedoutofschooltoteachpeopledance.Ifthatjobwaslefttoanyotherten-year-old,itwouldhaveturnedoutfrustrating,difficult,andalittlediscouraging.

   ButDuncanwasdifferent.Notonlywasshealreadytalentedenoughtoearnmoneyevenatthatage,butshealsohadararekindofconfidencethathelpedhertreattroublesasfuel—somethingtoelevatethefirethatisalreadyburninginsideofher.

   It'snosurprise,then,thatwhenshemovedtoNewYorktojoinatheatrecompany,shefoundherselfrestricted.Theexistingdancingstyle,theirwayofoperating—allofthisseemedtohertheworkofamisguidedpast.Duncanwasverydirectaboutwhatshewanted,confidentlytellingpeopleshehadadifferentvisionofdancethatshewasgoingtospreadintheworld.This,naturally,ledtoridiculeandlaughsearlyon,butasshebuiltupherwork,theseinstancesbecamelessfrequent.Today,sheisrememberedas"TheMotherofDance,"withmuchofthemodernartowingitsexpressivestyletoherinfluence.InspiredbytheancientGreeks,shebroughtthestyletolife.

   Inherautobiography（自传）,oneofthethingsDuncanfrequentlyreferstoasthebasisofherexpressivespiritisthefactthatshehadachildhoodwhereshewasn'tconstantlywatched.Theexpectationsofhermother（whoraisedher）wereopen-ended.Itwasthefreedomofthislifestylethatdrovehertoseewhatshecoulddo.

   Growingup,beforesheleftschool,shewastoldoneoftwothings:

thatshewaseithercompletelyuselessorthatshewasagenius.Therewasnothinginbetween.Evenwhenshestartedworking,peopleeitherbowedtoherortheybasicallyignoredher.Buttherewasn'tonemomentDuncandoubtedherowngenius.

   Thereisanoldquotation"ifyoujudgeafishbyitsabilitytoclimbatree,itwillliveitswholelifebelievingthatitisstupid."Anditcapturesanimportanttruth.Atschool,IsadoraDuncanwasafailure.Inthedancehall,shegaveformtobrilliance.

（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"treattroublesasfuel"mean?

A.Duncanusedtroublestopushherforwardtowardsherdream.

B.Duncanwasgoodatburningawayeverydaytroubles.

C.TroublesturnedDuncanintoaconfidentgirl.

D.TroubleslitthefireofdancinginDuncan.

（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutDuncan?

A.HerexperienceinNewYorkwasthefoundationofhercareer.

B.Herteachingjobwhenshewaslittledestroyedherconfidence.

C.Herdancingstylewasnotverywellreceivedatthebeginning.

D.Hermothersethigherexpectationonherthanshecouldbear.

（3）Whatdoestheauthortrytotellthereadersinthelastparagraph?

A.Itisuselessclimbingatreetocatchfish.

B.Everybodyisageniusinhisownway.

C.Miseriescomefromhumanstupidity.

D.Teacherscanimpactstudentsgreatly.

（4）Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A.IsadoraDuncan'schildhoodandherachievementstoday.

B.Duncan'scareerdevelopmentandotherdancers'opinionsofher.

C.IsadoraDuncan'searlyexperiencesandthereasonsforhersuccess.

D.Duncan'shighstatusinthedancingworldandheruniqueexpressivestyle.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，作者讲述了她的早期的经历以及其取得成功的原因。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Notonlywasshealreadytalentedenoughtoearnmoneyevenatthatage,butshealsohadararekindofconfidence”即使在那个年龄，她也有足够的天赋去挣钱，而且她还有一种罕见的自信；以及“somethingtoelevatethefirethatisalreadyburninginsideofher”能让她心中燃烧的火焰更旺，可推测出划线部分的意思应为“用困难推动她向梦想前进”。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Duncanwasverydirectaboutwhatshewanted,confidentlytellingpeopleshehadadifferentvisionofdancethatshewasgoingtospreadintheworld.This,naturally,ledtoridiculeandlaughsearlyon,butasshebuiltupherwork,theseinstancesbecamelessfrequent.”可知，她自信地告诉人们她对舞蹈有不同的看法，她将在世界上传播。

很自然，这在一开始就引起了人们的嘲笑和大笑，但随着她的工作越来越多，这样的事情就不那么频繁了。

由此可知，她的舞蹈风格一开始不被人们接受。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“ifyoujudgeafishbyitsabilitytoclimbatree,itwillliveitswholelifebelievingthatitisstupid.”如果你以爬树的能力来判断一条鱼，它终其一生都会认为自己是愚蠢的。

接着又指出在学校里，伊莎多拉·邓肯是个失败者。

在舞厅里，她光彩夺目。

由此可推断出，作者在最后一段想要告诉我们每个人都是独特的天才。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，文章主要介绍了她的经历以及所取得的成功。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Forthepastfewmonths,mythree-year-olddaughterhasspentanhoureveryweeklearningaforeignlanguage.Shewalksintoasmallroominalocalschool,wheresheandahandfulofthreeandfour-year-oldspendthenexthourdancingto“LaVacaLola”,asongaboutaSpanishcow,creatingfingerpuppets（木偶）tovoicewhattheylikeanddon'tlike（megusta,nomegusta）andshoutingoutwhichanimalsarebig（grande）orsmall（pequeno）.

   Shetellsuslittleabouttheclasses.Infact,forthefirstfewweeks,nothingatall.Ibegintowonderifitwasahugemistake（eachlessonworksoutatabout£9）butthenIshowher“LaVacaLola”onYouTube.SheshoutsvacawithenthusiasmandwithwhatIhopeisaSpanishaccent.

   Thewishtoenroll（使……加入）herinlanguagelessonscame,likemostthings,graduallyandtheninasuddenrush.Inmydayjob,IreadandeditstoriesabouttheChineseeconomy.Foralongtime,IfeltthatitwouldbegoodforhertolearnanotherlanguagebutIhadnogreatplanastowhen.

   ThenIreadEdwardLuce'sTheRetreatofWesternLiberalismandallmythoughtsandworryabouttheeconomycombinedintoapanic.Wakinginasweat,itseemedobviousthatifmydaughterwastohaveanykindoffuture,shewouldhavetolearnanotherlanguage.Ideally（理想地）immediately.

   IthoughtaboutMandarinChinese,oneofthetop10languagesmostimportantforourfuture,accordingtotheBritishCouncil（othersincludeArabic,French,German,Portuguese,Italian,Russian,DutchandJapanese）.Buttherewerenoclassesforyoungchildrennearby.Therewere,however,localSpanishclasses—thenumber-onelanguageonthelist.Whenshestartedtosing"IncyWincySpider"inSpanishandEnglish—helpedbyaSpanishnurseryworker-ourdecisionwasmade.

（1）Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'sdaughterfromthefirstparagraph?

A. Sheusesfingerpuppetstomakehervoiceheard.

B. SheistheoldeststudentinherSpanishclass.

C. ShelearnsSpanishbydancingtosongs.

D. ShehaslearntSpanishforonemonth.

（2）Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutherdaughter'sclassatfirst?

A. Proud.                          

B. Surprised.                          

C. Delighted                          

D. Doubtful.

（3）Whydidtheauthoraskherdaughtertolearnaforeignlanguage?

A. Toprepareherforthecomingschooleducation.     

B. Toequipherforherfuture.

C. Toencouragehertohavebeliefinherself.                

D. Todevelopherinterestinsinging.

（4）WhatmadetheauthordecidetoenrollherdaughterinSpanishlessons?

A. Herperformance.                                             

B. Hergreatinterest.

C. Thenurseryworker'ssuggestion.                    D. Thefast-growingeconomy.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者让自己的女儿学习一种外语的原因以及学习过程中出现的一些问题。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Shewalksintoasmallroominalocalschool,wheresheandahandfulofthreeandfour-year-oldspendthenexthourdancingtoLaVacaLola”可知，她和几个3、4岁大的孩子在一起通过唱歌跳舞学西班牙语。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的”ShetellsuslittleabouttheclassesIbegintowonderifitwasahugemistake（eachlessonworksoutatabout£9）“可知，作者的女儿从来不会谈起她的西班牙语课，这让作者很怀疑自己是否该给女儿报班学习。

故作者最初对女儿的课感觉是可疑的。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的"itseemedobviousthatifmydaughterwastohaveanykindoffuture,shewouldhavetolearnanotherlanguage."可知，作者认为自己的女儿若想有一个美好的未来就必须掌握一门外语。

故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的”Whenshestartedtosing’IncyWincySpider‘inSpanishandEnglish-helpedbyaSpanishnurseryworker-ourdecisionwasmade.？

“当她开始用西班牙语和英语演唱“IncyWincySpider”时，在一位西班牙托儿所工作人员的帮助下，我们做出了决定。

可知，是女儿的表现使作者决定让女儿学西班牙语。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   ThenewpresidentofHarvardUniversityisthesonofanEasternEuropeanrefugeeandAuschwitz（奥斯威辛）survivor—LawrenceS.Bacow.HisfatherworkedfulltimewhileattendingastatecollegeinDetroitatnighttoearnhisdegree.

   Bacow,theformerpresidentofTuftsUniversity,hastakenoverHarvardatatimewhenhighereducationisunderattackforbeingfinanciallyoutofreachtomanyAmericans.ButBacowsaidhisfamily'sjourneyhadreflectedthepowerofcollegeeducationtotransformgenerationsandtheopportunitiesthathavehistoricallybeenavailableintheUnitedStates.

   "Myparentscametothiscountrywithalmostnothing,"Bacowsaid."Iwouldn'tbehereifthiscountryhadnotbeenopentopeoplelikemyparentsatthattime.NorwouldIifmyfatherhadn'thadtheopportunitytogetthecollegeeducation."

   BacowgrewupinPontiac,Michigan.Hisfather'sfamilyfledanti-Jewish（反犹太的）violenceinMinsk,thenpartoftheSovietUnion,beforethestartofWorldWarIIandwenttotheUnitedStates.HismotherarrivedinBrooklynatage19,havingsurvivedAuschwitzconcentrationcamp.ShewastheonlyJewfromhertowntohavesurvivedthewar.YetBacow,whoismarriedwithtwosons,saidthatwhilegrowingupinMichigan,hehadahappychildhood,enteringsciencefairsasachildandbuildingradioslikehisdad.

   BacowhasspentmostofhisprofessionalcareeratMIT,HarvardandTufts.HewasaprofessorofenvironmentalstudiesatMIT,andlateraprincipalattheuniversity.HeledTuftsfrom2001to2011.AtTufts,Bacowearnedareputationforshakingupasl