北京市10年中考真题分类汇编阅读理解CD篇专题答案不全语文.docx
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北京市10年中考真题分类汇编阅读理解CD篇专题答案不全语文
北京市2009年—2019年10年中考真题分类汇编:
阅读理解CD篇专题
2019中考
C
Someprimaryschoolchildrenhavebeenraisedinhomeswithmoregreenspacearound.Theyarelikelytocomewithlargervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterincertainareasofthebrain.Thesedifferencesareassociated(关联)withbeneficialeffectsoncognitivefunction(认知功能).ThisisthemainconclusionofastudyledbytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth.
Thestudywasperformedamong253schoolchildreninSpain.Lifelongexposure(接触)togreenspaceinthelivingplaceswasrecorded—usingtheinformationonthechildren’saddressesfrombirthupthroughtothetimeofthestudy.Brainstructurewasstudiedusing3Dmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI).Workingmemoryandinattentiveness(注意力不集中)weregradedwithcomputers.
“Thisisthefirststudythatshowstheassociationbetweenlong-termexposuretogreenspaceandbrainstructure.”SaysDr.PayamDadvand,theleadingresearcherofthestudy,“Ourfindingssuggestthatexposuretogreenspaceearlyinlifecouldresultinbeneficialstructuralchangesinthebrain.”
Thefindingsshowthatlong-termexposuretogreennessispositivelyassociatedwithwhiteandgreymattervolumesinseveralpartsofthebrain.Someofthemarerelatedtohigherscoresoncognitivetests.Moreover,largervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterinthosepartsmightleadtobetterworkingmemoryandlessinattentiveness.
Exposuretonaturehasbeenthoughttobenecessaryforbraindevelopmentinchildren.Anotherstudyof2,593childrenshowsthatchildreninschoolwithmoregreenspacehaveagreaterincreaseinworkingmemoryandagreaterdecreaseininattentiveness.
Humansarebelievedtobetiedtonature.Playingingreenerareasofferschildrenopportunitiestosearchandlearn.Accordingly,greenspaceisthoughttopromptimportantexercisesindiscovery,creativityandrisktaking.Theseexercisesinturnpositivelyinfluencebraindevelopment.
Dr.Dadvand’sstudysuggestshowsuchstructuralchangescouldbringaboutthebeneficialeffectsofgreenspacesoncognitivedevelopment,italsoaddstotheproofthatsuggeststhelastingeffectsofearlylifeexposuretogreennessonourhealthandthebenefitsofincreasinggreennessincities.
Furtherstudiesareneededtoprovethefindingsinotherpopulations,settingsandclimates.Andresearchersneedtoexaminedifferencesaccordingtothenatureandqualityofgreenspace.
27.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout.
A.howthestudywasperformedB.whatwasrecordedinthestudy
C.howlongthestudylastedD.whotookpartinthestudy
28.Theword“prompt”inparagraph6probablymeans““.
A.controlB.encourageC.balanceD.change
29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Workingmemoryinfluenceswhiteandgreymatterinthebrain.
B.Dr.Dadvandstressedtheimportanceofchangingtheenvironment.
C.StudiesprovedtheinfluenceofgreennessonpopulationsoutsofSpain.
D.Livingingreenerneighborhoodsbenefitschildreninbraindevelopment.
D
Weoftenreachapointinourlifewhenweshouldbereadyforchangethatwillhelpusunlockourself-improvementpower.However,there’salwayssomethingstaringatusrightunderournosebutwedon’tseeit.Theonlytimewethinkofunlockingourself-improvementpoweriswheneverythinggetsworst.
Whendowerealizethatweneedtochangediets?
Whennoneofourshirtsandjeanswouldfitus.Whendowestopeatingcandiesandchocolates?
Whenallofourteethhavefallenoff.Whendowerealizethatweneedtostopsmoking?
Whenourlungshavegonebad.Weseethewarningsignsandsignalswhenthingsgetroughanddifficult.
Theonlytimemostofuseverlearnaboutunlockingourself-improvementpoweriswhenthewholeworldisfallingapart.Wethinkandfeelthiswaybecauseitisnoteasytochange,butchangebecomesmorepainfulwhenweignore(忽视)it,
Changewillhappen,likeitorhateit.Atonepointoranother.weareallgoingtofinallyunlockourself-improvementpowernotbecausetheworldsaysso.Butbecausewerealizeit'sforourowngood.
Happypeopledon’tjustacceptchange;theyembrace(拥抱)it.Unlockingourself-improvementpowermeansunlockingourselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtthatisjustthewayweare.Itissuchapoorexcuseforpeoplewhofearchange.
Janealwaystellseveryonethatshedoesn'thavethecouragetobearoundgroupsofpeople.Sheheardherfamilytellthesamethingsabouthertootherpeople.Overtheyears,thatiswhatJanehasbelieved.Everytimeagreatcrowdcome,shestepsbackandlocksherselfupinaroom.Janenotonlybelievesinherstory,butlivesit!
Self-improvementmaynotbeeverybody’sfavoriteword,butifwelookatthingsinadifferentway,wemighthavegreaterchancesofenjoyingthewholeprocessinsteadofcountingthedaysuntilwearefullyimproved.Threesessionsinaweekatthegymwouldresultinahealthierlife.Readingbookseverydaywouldbuildupknowledge.Andonlywhenweareenjoyingthewholeprocessofunlockingourself-improvementpowerwillwerealizethatwe’rebeginningtotakethingslightandbecomehappy.
30.ThewritermentionsthethreequestionsinParagraph2toshowthat.
A.welearnourlessonswhenweexperiencepain.
B.weareresponsiblefortheproblemswemeet.
C.lifefailsuswhenwegetintothewrongway.
D.lifeisalongjourneyfullofupsanddowns.
31.WhatisthekeytosolvingJane’sproblem?
A.Sheneedstorememberwhyshestarted.
B.Shehastoknowhowtogetonwithpeople.
C.Shehastorealizesheisnotwhatsheisinherstory.
D.Sheneedstounderstandtheimportanceofconfidence.
32.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.
A.theworldtellsushowtoimproveourselves.
B.peoplechangewhentheyfinditeasytodothat.
C.welcomingchangeinlifeisadrivetobecomebetter.
D.enjoyingtheprocessofself-improvementmakeslifesimpler.
33.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Isitimportanttotakethingslight?
B.Isitnecessarytoembracechallenges?
C.Toholdontothelastmomentortogiveup?
D.Tofreeourselvesoutoftheboxortostayinit?
2019北京中考C
BuyingIsDoing?
Howimportantisshoppingtoyou?
Howmuchtimedoyouspendbuyingthings?
Andhowmuchtimedoyouspendorganizingthesethingsinyourhome?
Inthefuture,howmuchtimewillyouspendinmovietheaters,atamusementparks,atshoppingmalls,oratconveniencestores?
Whenyouadditallup,youwillprobablyseeyouspendalotofyourlifeconsuming(消费)things.Consumingproductsisnotnecessarilybad.However,ifwespendtoomuchtimedoingit,weshouldlookatitcarefully.
Imaginethatyouhaveaweekofffromschool.Youdon’thavetogotoclass.However,inthisweek,youcannotspendanymoney-----noshopping,nomovies,noeatingout.Howwouldyouspendyourtime?
Whatthingswouldbringyouhappiness?
Perhapsyouwouldtakeawalkwithyourbestfriend.Perhapsyouwouldhelpachildread.Oryoumightspendtimewithyourfamily.
Whenwelookback,itislikelythatnon-consumingexperienceslikethesewillbeourmostimportantmemories.Why?
Non-consumingactivitiesareactive,notpassive.Theydon’tcomeinapackage.Youmake theexperienceyourself.Forexample,eachpersonwhoreadstoachildwillhaveadifferentexperience.Theexperiencechangeswiththereader,thechild,andthebook.Similarly,whenyouhaveaconversationwitha friend,youareactivelycreatinganexperience.Theconversationthatyouhavewithyourfriendcannotbe experiencedorrecreatedbyanyoneelse.However,ifyouwatchamoviewithafriend,youwilleachhavea packageexperience.Itrequiresnoactionandlittleinteractionbetweenthetwoofyou.
Theenvironmentweliveinencouragesustohavepackagedexperiences.Wefeelthatwemustconsume becausewebelievethatbuyingisdoing.However,wecanstartapersonalrevolution(变革)against consumerism.How?
Byconsumingless.Wecanaskourselveswhatexperiencesbringusthegreatest satisfaction.Thenwecanorganizeourlivessothatwehavemoreofthosekindsofexperiences.
49.Ifconsumingproductstakestoomuchtime,weshould____________.
A.spendlessmoney B.thinkaboutitcarefully
C.organizeourthings D.gotoconveniencestores
50.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterbelievesthat_____________.
A.wecansaynotoconsumerismbyconsumingless
B.buyingthingscanbringusthegreatestsatisfaction
C.theenvironmentseldominfluencesourshoppingchoices
D.consumingexperienceswillbeourmostimportantmemories
51.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?
A.Tointroducesomewaysofenjoyingoursparetime.
B.Toencouragepeopletohavemoreactiveexperiences.
C.Toexplainreasonsbehindpeople’sshoppingbehavior.
D.Tosharehispersonalexperienceinconsumingproducts.
D篇Sayyou’resittingaroundwithsomefriendsplayingvideogamesandsomeonementionsagamethathappenstobeoneofyourfavorites.“Oh,thatgame’seasy.Sonotworththetime,”oneofyourfriendssays.Theothersagree.Althoughyouenjoythegamequitealot,notwantingtoarguewiththem,yougoalongwiththecrowd.
Youhavejustexperiencedwhatiscommonlyreferredtoaspeerpressure(同伴压力),alsocalledpeerinfluence.Youwilladoptacertaintypeofbehavior,dress,orattitudeinordertobeacceptedaspartofagroupofyour“peers”.Asateen,youarelikelytohaveexperiencedtheeffectofpeerpressureinanumberofdifferentareas.
Weareallinfluencedbyourpeersatanyage.Forteens,asschoolandotheractivitiestakeyouawayfromhome,youmayspendmoretimewithyourfriendsthanwithyourfamily.Asyoubecomemoreindependent,yourpe