北京市初三二模英语分类汇编阅读理解CD篇.docx

北京市初三二模英语分类汇编阅读理解CD篇.docx

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北京市初三二模英语分类汇编阅读理解CD篇

2019年北京初三英语二模分类汇编--阅读理解C、D篇

1.2019北京西城区初三二模

C

Researchhasalreadysuggestedthatopeningabookmayhelpimprovebrainfunctionandreducestress.Now,ateamledbyJoannaSikoraoftheAustralianNationalUniversityislookingintothebenefitsofgrowinguparoundabook-filledenvironment;theresearchers’newstudysuggeststhathomeswithlibrariescanarmchildrenwithskillsthatlastwellintoadulthood.

Thestudylookedatdatafrom160,000adultsfrom31countries,includingtheUnitedStates,Australia,TurkeyandChile.Participants（参与者）filledoutsurveyswiththeProgrammefortheInternationalAssessmentofCompetencies,whichmeasuresproficiency（水平）inthreeareas:

literacy（读写能力）,numeracyandinformationcommunicationtechnology.People,25to65yearsold,wereaskedtotellhowmanybookswereintheirhousewhentheywere16yearsold.Theresearchteamwasinterestedinthisquestionbecausehomelibrarysizecanbeagoodsignof“book-orientedsocialization”.Participantswereabletochoosefromagivenrangeofbooksthatincludedeverythingfrom“10orless”to“morethan500”.

Thesurveys,whichweretakenbetween2011and2015,showedthattheaverage（平均的）numberofbooksinparticipants’childhoodhomeswas115,butthatnumbervariedwidelyfromcountrytocountry.TheaveragelibrarysizeinNorwaywas212books,forexample;inTurkey,itwas27.Inall,however,itseemedthatmorebooksinthehomewaslinkedtohigherproficiencyintheareastestedbythesurvey.

Theeffectsweremostmarkedwhenitcametoliteracy.Growingupwithfewbooksinthehomeresultedinbelowaverageliteracylevels.Beingsurroundedby80booksraisedthelevelstoaverage,andliteracycontinuedtoimproveuntillibrariesreachedabout350books,atwhichpointtheliteracyratesleveledoff.Theresearcherssawsimilarthingswhenitcametonumeracy;theeffectswerenotaspronouncedwithinformationcommunicationtechnologytests,butskillsdidimprovewithincreasednumbersofbooks.

So,whatdoesthenewstudytellus?

Take,forexample,anadultwhogrewupwithhardlyanybooksinthehome,butwentontogetauniversitydegreecomparedtoanadultwhogrewupwithalargehomelibrary,butonlyhadnineyearsofschooling.Thestudyfoundthatbothoftheirliteracylevelswerealmostthesame.“So,literacy-wise,bookishchildhoodmakesupforagooddealofeducationaladvantage,”thestudyauthorswrite.

Furtherresearchisneededtodecideexactlywhyexposureto（沉浸在）booksinchildhoodencouragesvaluableskillslaterinlife,butthestudyoffersfurtherevidencetosuggestthatreadinghasapowerfuleffectonthemind.Andsohomelibrarysizemightbeimportantbecause,astheresearchersnote,“childrenemulate（模仿）parentswhoread.”

27.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout______.

A.whatthestudyfoundoutB.howthestudywascarriedout

C.whowereinvitedtotheresearchD.whytheresearchersdidthestudy

28.Thephrase“leveledoff”inParagraph4probablymeans“______”.

A.backedtoaverageB.startedfallingC.continuedtogrowD.stoppedrising

29.TheexampleinParagraph5shows______.

A.thedisadvantageofhavinglittleschooleducation

B.theeffectofhavingahomelibraryinchildhood

C.thenecessityofraisingpeople’sliteracylevel

D.theimportanceofgettingauniversitydegree

30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Thestudyexplainedwhybookishchildhoodencouragedvaluableskills.

B.Adultsbenefitmorefromahomelibrarythanchildren.

C.Homelibrarysizehaslittletodowithnumeracylevel.

D.Parentswholovereadingbenefitchildrenalot.

D

RoboticPets

Iamgoingtopredicthowpeoplearegoingtobewithfuturetechnologyintheirlife.Ithinkroboticpetsaregoingtobeincreasinglypopularasthetechnologydevelops.AtleastIamgoingtobuildwhatIthinkisastrongcaseforthisprediction.

Fromaneurologicalpointofview,Idonotseeanythinginthewaytopeoplebonding（纽带）fullywithroboticpets.Thehumanbraincanattach（赋予）emotionstothingsandrespondtoemotionalsignaling.Beingaliveissimplynotrequired.Fromhowobjectsmove,ourbrainsinferthattheyareabletoactwiththeirownwillandpurpose.Iftheymoveinawaythatcannotbeexplainedsimplyaspassive（被动的）movement,thentheymustbemovingontheirown.Therefore,theycanconnecttotheemotionalcentersinourbrains.Weeitherfearthem,orlovethem,orhungerforthem,orwhatever.Wecanrespondemotionallywithcartooncreatures,withanimals,andyes,evenwithrobots.Ourbrainstreatthingsthatactaliveasiftheyarealive—nodifferent.

Oneoftheoppositepointsthatpeopleoftenbringupisthattheylovethewaytheirpetsbehave,notjustlook.ThisgetstoAI,whichhasbeendevelopingatafastpace.WehaveAIthatcanbeatworldmastersinchessandgo.IhavenodoubtwecanbuildAItomimic（模仿）thebehaviorofdogsandcats,ifnotnowthenprobablywithinageneration.

Sowewillhavenoproblemfullyemotionallybondingwitharoboticpet.Butthisdoesn’tmeanwewouldprefersuchapet.Oneargumentagainstroboticpetsisthattheywillbeexpensivecomparedtoalivepet—butthisislikelynottobetrueforever.Livingpetsneedtobefed,andtheyneedatleastbasicmedicalcare,andtheymayneedtobeboardedattimes.Also,peoplespendhundredsofdollarsonpets,orthousandsofdollarsonpurebredspecies.Roboticpetswillfinallycostlessintotalthanbiologicalones.

Butlet’sgettotherealreasonpeoplewillpreferroboticpetsatlast.Thepossibilitiesforbuildinginusefultechnologyareendless.Anadvancedroboticpetcouldalsoserveasadefensiveandalarmsystem.Youcouldrechargeyourcellphoneofftheirbatteries.Theycouldbeawalkingcellphone.Theywouldbeexcellentcompanionsfortheelder,affordingthemmoreindependenceforlonger.Thisinitselfwouldbeahugecostsaving—anythingthatkeepspeopleoutofanursinghomeiscosteffective.

Imaginationisreallytheonlylimitation,onceyouhavethebasicsofaworkingrobot.Whenthetechnologycrossesacertainlimit,thiswillbeathing.Futuregenerationsmayconsiderkeepingalivinganimalinyourhomeasprimitive（原始的）andcruel.Theymayhaveapoint.

31.Whycanwebondfullywithroboticpets?

A.Theycanrespondtoourreactions.B.Theycanmoveactivelyandfreely.

C.Ourbrainscantreatthingsdifferently.D.Ourbrainscanattachemotionstothem.

32.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat______.

A.roboticpetswillbecosteffectiveinthefuture

B.presentAIcanmimicallthebehaviorsoflivepets

C.theelderprefertohaveroboticpetsascompanions

D.theyoungthinkitprimitiveandcrueltokeeplivepets

33.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat______.

A.livepetswillserveusbetterB.itiseasiertokeeplivepetsathome

C.technologyensuresroboticpetsabrightfuture

D.imaginationlimitsthedevelopmentofroboticpets

2.2019北京丰台区初三二模

C

ThePalaceMuseumhasalwaysbeenamust-seeforChineseandforeigntourists,whichistheculturaltreasureofChina.Since2018,morethan80percentoftheForbiddenCityhasbeenopenedtothepublicandthenumberoftouristsincreasedrapidlyandreachedto1.7million.

Inrecentyears,thePalaceMuseumhasdrawnmoreandmorepeople’sattentionbyitsfreshnewevents.Fromnewmediatoolstothecreativeculturalproducts,fromgrandactivitiestoattractiveTVshows,thePalaceMuseumhasachievedamazingsuccess.Tokeeppacewiththetimes,theoldpalaceisupdating（更新）inmanyfashionableways.

Since2014,todelivertheimageof―AWarmForbiddenCitytothepublic,newmediatoolsofthePalaceMuseumhavechangedalot.ItsWeibokeepsshowingthepalace’scharm（魅力）bypostingitsbeautifulphotosoffourseasonsandlovelycats.Fromthecoldnessofhistorytothestyleofcommontouch,theimageundoubtedlywonmorefavors.

Museum–themedproducts,suchastapes,fans,notebooksandlipsticks,aredesignedinfashionableways.TheyoftencauseabuzzonChinesesocialnetworks.Thesalesapproached（接近）CNY1.5billionin2017.―Thesecreationsprovideanewviewforunderstandingthepalaceandtraditionalculture,saidauseronWeibo.Theincreasedincome,withoutraisingtheticketprice,alsomadeitpossibleforthePalaceMuseumtohold60,000educationalactivitiesin2018.

Thelightfestivalisanotheridea.ItwasthefirsttimethePalaceMuseumwaslitupatnightandopenedtothepublicfortheLanternFestival.Thelightshow,whichprovidedaudiencewithfullsensory（感官的）experiences,haswowedthecrowd.Therefore,peoplehaveanewchoicetocelebratetheLanternFestivalbesideswatchingtheGalaShowonTVathome.

Forthosewhohavebeentothemuseumbefore,aTVshowabouttheForbiddenCityevokes（唤起）theirinterestsinvisitingitagain.Asanaudiencesaid,―ShangXinLeGuGongmakesmerealizethattherearealwaysunknownareastoexploreintheForbiddenCity.InanotherTVshow,TheNation’sGreatestTreasures,nineleadingmuseumscometogethertointroducethetreasurestheylookafter.Thishasfurtherraisedpeople’sinterestsinmoremuseums.TheseTVshowshavebroughtaninstantculturalheatandgreatlyincreasedthenumberofvisitorsinthesemuseums.

Nationstaysalivewhenitsculturestaysalive.Throughtheseways,thePalaceMuseumandothermuseumsnotonlycarryforwardtheirownhistory,butalsocallonpeople’slovefortraditionalculture.Afterall,itisthememoryandsymbolofacountry’shistoryandthepreciouswealthofallmankind.

27.ThePalaceMuseumhasachievedsuccessinrecentyears,becauseithas_____.

A.openedthe