课外例子总结1.docx
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课外例子总结1
课外例子
Peoplesometimesask“whywastetimestudyingfossils?
”
Studyingfossilsisfarfrombeingawasteoftime,becausemanyusefulfactscanbelearnedfromthem.Generallyspeaking,fossilsareespeciallyimportantbecausetheyaretheonlycluestotheexistenceandappearanceoflifeontheearthmillionsofyearsago.Whenarrangedinpropergeologicalorder,fossilsrevealhowlifesteadilydevelopedfromlowly-organizedprimevalcreaturestothecomplexanimalsoftoday.Suchknowledgehelpsusbettertocomprehendtheoriginsandevolutionoflife,andthisinturnhelpstounderstandalittleofwhatweourselvesare.
Sincedifferentfossiltypesarefoundindifferentstrata,certaindistinctivefossilscanbeusedtoidentifydifferentkindsofsedimentaryrocks,includingthosebelowgroundlevelofseparatedbymilesofocean.Evenrocksatverygreatdepths,whenboredbythedrillsofengineers,canbeidentifiedbytheirfossilcontents.Fossilsarethereforevaluableaidstominingandpetroleumengineers.
1.用省译法翻译下列句子。
1)Allbodiesconsistsofmoleculesandtheseofatoms.
2)Incaseyoumovematter,workisdone.
3)Whenweareagaininapositiontosupply,weshallnotfailtogetintouchwithyou.
4)Smockingisnotallowedinthestore-house.
5)Itistimeforexperiment.
6)Weareenclosingourdesignsinduplicate.
7)Thegrouphasalargeinterestinthisdepartmentstore.
8)Itwasnotalwaysfullyoptimizedzedinearlieryears.
2.用增译法翻译下列句子。
1)Wehadasurveymeetingafterexperiment.
2)Thecrowdssuggestingsucharesearchplanmeltedaway.
3)Ifyouhadnotinterfered,hewouldnothavemadethismistake.
4)Hehasboughtarecorderandatelevisionset.
5)Therocketlandedonthemoon.
6)Theproblemwasbothpsychologicalandphysiological.
7)Ordinaryglassmustbefirstachromatizedtobecomeopticalglass.
8)Burned,fuelgiveoffheat.
3.用词类转换法翻译下列句子。
1)Hewasalwaysanunwelcomeintruder.
2)Thelowerreachesofriversshowconsiderablevariety.
3)Whenhecatchesaglimpseofapotentialantagonist,hisinstinctistowinhimoverwithcharmandhumor.
4)Hethenactedasareluctantinterpreterforadiscussion.
5)Themorecarbonthesteelcontain,theharderandstrongeritis.
6)Therealvictoryisnotoverone’sfellowrumorsbutoverone’sownbodyandmind.
7)Thefoodsupplywillnotincreasenearlyenoughtomatchthegrowthinpopulation.
8)Testsshowedthatthecoolingairmustflowatarateofatleast170m3/hr.
9)Thetermlaserstandsforlightamplificationbystimulatedemissionofradiation.
10)Itisamatterofcommonobservationthatgasesareperfectlyelastic.
I.PassiveSentences
Examples:
1.Heatandlightaregivenusbythesun.
2.Morethanonehundredelementshavebeenfoundbychemicalworkersatpresent.
3.Heatisrequiredtochangeicetowater.
4.Watercanbeshownascontainingimpurities.
5.Workisdone,whenanobjectislifted.
6.Theplasticsareheateduntiltheyaresoftenoughtobeshaped.
7.Byusingthisnewprocessthelossofmetalwasreducedto20percent.
8.Cuttingtoolsshouldbeinspectedcarefullypriortouse.
9.Thiskindoftubeischaracterizedbyitssimplicityofstructure.
10.Energyisdefinedastheabilitytodowork.
11.Thesamesignsandsymbolsofmathematicsrusedthroughouttheworld.
12.Arightkindoffuelisneededforanatomicreactor.
13.Computersarenowwidelyusedindifferentbranchofscience.
14.Greateffortsshouldbemadetoinformyoungpeopleofthedangerofcigarettesmoking,especiallythedreadfulconsequencesoftakingupthehabit.
15.Accountshouldbetakenofthelowmeltingpointofthissubstance.
16.Stressmustbelaidonthedevelopmentoftheelectronicsindustry.
17.Radiumwasdiscoveredin1898.
18.Somesatelliteshavebeenlaunchedforcommunication.
19.Silverisknowntobebetterthancopperinconductivity.
20.Toexplorethemoon’ssurface,rocketswerelaunchedagainandagain.
21.Hewasseendesigninganewtypemachine.
Exercises:
1. Theatomictheorywasnotaccepteduntilthe19thcentury.
2. Thehypothesiswillberejectedifitisnotprovedbyanyexperiments.
3. Naturallightor“whitelight”isactuallymadeupofmanycolors.
4. Rainbowsareformedwhensunlightpassesthroughsmalldropsofwaterinthesky.
5. WiththepopularityofUSBperipherals,itisbelievedthatUSBinterfaceswouldbecomeastandardfeatureformonitorsandmanymakershavebuiltaUSBhubintotheirs.
6. Attentionmustbepaidtotheworkingtemperatureofthemachine.
7. ThisinformationissenttoMicrosoftandusedtocreateareportforyou,detailinghowwellWindowsVistawillrunonyourcomputer.Inaddition,thisinformationisusedtohelpusimprovethenumberofdevicesandapplicationssupportedbyWindowsVista,toanalyzetrends,andtoimproveWindowsVistaperformance.
8. Thetargetdetectiondeviceantennasareprovidedaroundtheforwardendofthewarheadcase.
9. Allradiosetsusedlarge,heavyvacuumtubesbeforetransistorswereinvented.
10. Thefieldofvisualizationshouldnotbesoabsorbedbythemiraclesthatareitstechnicalbasis.
11. Withthepressureofmovementsintheearth’scrustandtheheatthispressurecaused,theselayerswereconvertedintopetroleum
12. Bloodcirculationmaybedefinedasthecircularmovementofbloodaroundthebody.
II.AttributiveClauses
Examples:
1.Allsubstanceswhichcanconductelectricityarecalledconductors.
2.Iceisfrozenwaterorwaterthathasbecomesolid.
3.Theforcethatcauseseverythingtofalltowardthegroundiscalledgravity.
4.Theyareespeciallyinterestedinfindingcuresforillnesseswhichwesternmedicinehasfound“incurable”.
5.Hardenedvesselwallscauseariseinbloodpressurewhichmaybehighenoughtotermhypertension.
6.Acupuncture,whichisanoldChinesetreatment,issafe,simpleandeffective.
7.Penicillinisanantibiotic,whichisoneofthemostimportantanti-infectivedrugs.
8.Thekeynegotiatorsresumedtheirtalks,whichcontinuedintothenight.
9.ThecompanywasfoundedbeforetheLiberation,whoseproductsarewellreceived.
10.Theliquidfuelrocketisusedinanaircraftaswellasforresearchintheupperairandforputtingearthsatellitesintoorbits,whichiscontinuallybeingimproved.
11.TheWorldWarIIwasmorecomplexthantheWorldWarI,whichwasacollisionamongtheimperialistpowersoverthespoilsofmarkets,resourcesandterritories.
12.Therearesomemetalswhichpossessthepowertoconductelectricity.
13.OSHAhasqualifiedthenoiselevelinindustrywhichhasbecomeamajorconcernandconsiderationformanyhydrauliccontrolsmanufacturers.
14.Acat,whoseeyescantakeinmoreraysoflightthanoureyes,canseeclearlyinthenight.
15.Alltheastronautswhohavespenttimeinartificialsatellitearetrainedscientists.
16.Manyofmainlineswhichpassoverthegreatestbridgesbroughtintoexistencewithoutthesestructures,whichthushavejustifiedtheimmensecostinvolved.
17.Diamondsalsohaveaveryhighnearresistancewhichcausesdiamondcuttingtoolstohaveaverylongtoollife.
18.Matterhascertainfeaturesorpropertiesthatenableustorecognizeiteasily.
19.Thebulbissometimesfilledwithaninertgaswhichpermitsoperationsatahighertemperature.
20.Thereisaminimumsizeforthereactoratwhichthechainreactionwilljustwork.
21.Agasoccupiesallofanycontainerinwhichitisplaced.
22.Themeltingpointofsteelthecarboncontentofwhichishigherislower.
23.Apolishedsurfacereflectsmoreheatthanadullsurface,which(=whileadullsurface)absorbsmoreheatthanapolishedsurface.
24.Trams,whichdisappearedfromBritainmanyyearsago,arestillusedinseveralEuropeancities.
25.Anelectricalcurrentbeginstoflowthroughcoil,which(=whenthecoil)isconnectedacrossachargedcondenser.
26.ThefactthatthenewalliancewaslocallygeneratedandsustainedshouldbeastronginducementtotheUSwhoseinterestsalreadydictatesuchsupport.
Exercises:
1. Toanswersuchquestionsweshallhavetodothingstosubstancesthatwillrevealdifferencesnotdirectlyapparent.
2. Scientistsusemanytoolsformeasurement.Thenthemeasurementsareusedtomakemathematicalcalculationsthatmaytesthisinvestigations.
3. Friction,whichisoftenconsideredasatrouble,issometimesahelpintheoperationofmachines.
4. Theelectricityischangedintotheradio-frequencypowerwhichisthensentoutinformofradiowaves.
5. Atransformercan’toperateondirectcurrent,whichwouldburnoutthewindingonit.
6. Matterhascertainfeaturesthatenableustorecognizeiteasily.
7. Thegeneratorisproducingelectricity,whichisusedforlighting.
8. Piecesofironwhichareleftintherainbecomerusty.
9. Thefactory,whichissmall,producesalargequantityofmachineseveryday.
10. Theindividualthenexhaledintoaspirometer,whichmeasuresvolumeandrateofairexhalationandthesemeasurementswereautomaticallytransmittedtothecomputer.
III.LongSentences
Examples:
1. Thecomputerperformsasupervisoryfunctionintheliquid-controlsystembyanalyzingtheprocessconditionsagainstdesiredperformancecriteriaanddeterminingthechangeinprocessvariablestoachieveoptimumoperation.
2. AfurtherinferencewasdrawnbyPascalwhoreasonedthatifthis“seaofair”existed,itspressureatthebottomwouldbegreaterthanitspressurefurtherup,andthatthereforetheheightofmercurycolumnwoulddecreaseinproportiontotheheightabovethesea-level
3. Inthischapter,we