主谓一致学案及练习.docx
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主谓一致学案及练习
主谓一致学案及练习
一．学前诊断
1.Theblind____inspecialschools.
A.isstudyingB.studiesC.studyD.hasstudied
2.Look!
Theteacher,togetherwithhisstudents,____nowworkinginthelab.
A.isB.areC.wereD.was
3.ThemuseumIhavevisited_____attheendofthestreet.
A.standB.standsC.isstandingD.arestanding
4.Threeweeks____notenoughformetowritethereport.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
5.Three-fourthsofthehomework___today.
A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinishedD.havebeen
finished
6.EitherheorI___togotoBeijingonbusiness.
A.isB.beC.areD.am
7.Morethan70percentofthebooks____inEnglish.
A.iswrittenB.haswrittenC.arewrittenD.havewritten
8.Largequantitiesofwater___neededforcoolingpurpose.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
9.DAll___presentandall____goingwell.‖Saidtheboy.
A.is;isB.are;areC.are;isD.isare
10.Howonetreatshisparents____greatinfluenceonhischildren.
A.haveB.hadC.havingD.has
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时，谓语动词一般用单
数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：
Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy./Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.
Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago./Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.
注：
Δ由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
如：
WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks./WhatIsayanddois（are）helpfultoyou.
2、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
LucyandLilyaretwins./SheandIareclassmates.
Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews.
BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.
注：
Δ①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人，物或同一概念时，它后面的谓语动词就应
用单数形式。
如：
Thewriterandartisthascome.
Trialanderroristhesourceofourknowledge.
②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,every,manya等修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
如：
Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom../Noboyandnogirllikesit.
3、主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单
数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。
（就前原则）如：
Mr.Green,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.
NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground./She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.
4、either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
如：
Eachofushasanewbook./Everythingaroundusismatter.Δ①在口语中当either或neither后跟有Dof+复数名词（或代词）‖作主语时，其谓语动词
也可用复数。
如：
Neitherofthetextsis（are）interesting.
②若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是
复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
如：
Noneofushas（have）beentoAmerica.
5、在定语从句时，关系代词that,who,which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行
词的数一致。
注：
在oneof+ns+who/that/which引导的定语从句中，从句的谓语用复数如：
Heisoneof
myfriendswhoareworkinghard./
在theonly/veryoneof+ns+who/which/that引导的定语从句中，从句的谓语用单数如：
Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.
6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。
这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。
如：
Theclassconsistsof25boysand20girls./Theclassaredoingexperiments.
ThepopulationofChinais13.6billionand70%ofthepopulationarepeasants.
Δpeople,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数。
如：
Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.
7、由Dsome,/half,/alotof,/lotsof,/plentyof,/therestof,/themajorityof+名词‖构成的短语以及由D分数或百分数+名词‖构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
如：
Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom./Therestofthelectureiswonderful./50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.
ΔanumberofD许多‖，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；thenumberofD…的数量‖，主
语是number，谓语用单数。
8．由kind/type/series/quantityof等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不
是它们后面所跟的名词。
如：
Largequantitiesofwaterareneededforwateringtheflowers.
Anewtypeofbusisnowonshow.
9、在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
如：
Therecomesthebus./Onthewallaremanypictures./Suchistheresult./Sucharethefacts.
10．Manya+单数名词（许多）；morethanone+单数名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式。
如；
Morethan20studentsareplayingbasketball./Morepeoplethanoneareagainstyourplan.
11、what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。
如：
Whichisyourbag?
/Whichareyourbags?
/Allisgoingwell./AllhavegonetoBeijing.
12、表示D时间、重量、长度、价值‖等的名词的复数做主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于做主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：
Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.
13、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
如：
DTheArabianNights‖isaninterestingstory-book.
14、表数量的短语Doneandahalf‖后接复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式（也可用复数。
如：
Oneandahalfapplesis（are）leftonthetable.
15、一些学科名词是以Cics结尾，如：
mathematics,politics,physics以及news,works等，
都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们做主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
如：
Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990./Ithinkphysicsisn’teasytostudy.
16、trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,chopsticks,scissors等词做主语时，谓语用复数，但如
果这些名词前有a（the）pairof等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
如：
Myglassesarebroken./Thepairofshoesisunderthebed.
17、D定冠词the+形容词或分词‖，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。
如：
Theoldaretakengoodcareofhere.
18、
（1）当两个主语由either…or,neither…nor,whether…or…,notonly…butalso,not…but…连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。
（就近原则）如：
Eithertheteacherorthestudentsareourfriends./Neithertheynorheiswhollyright./Isneitherhenortheywhollyright?
AsfarasIknow,notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrothertreatsthegirlverywell.
（2）therebe句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。
如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
如：
Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.
1.填空
1）His（be）firstpublishedin1965．
（be）enoughforthecoat．
（see,beg）inastreetcorner．
4）―Isthereanybodyintheclassroom?
―（go）totheplayground．
（cover）byforestandgrass．
6）―Haveyouheardaboutthenewschool?
―（notdecide）
7）E-mail，aswellastelephones，（play）animportantpartindailycommunication．
（invite）tothepartytheotherday．
___（kill）achicken.
__（build）bytheworkers.
2.句型转换
1.Bothhisfatherandmotherarefondoflightmusic.（改为否定句）
_____________________________________________________________
2.Wefindthatitisimportanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell.（改为简单句）
_____________________________________________________________
3.Ifyoucankeepstill,youcansitonthisendoftheboatandyoucanalsositonthatend.（用either…or改变句型）
_____________________________________________________________
4.HelenisnotgoodatFrenchandJohnisnotgoodatFrench,either.
（用neither…nor改变句型）
______________________________________________________________
5.Webelievethatheishonest.（改为简单句）
______________________________________________________________
3．单句改错
1．Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthathasbeenasked.
2.Manyashiphavebeendamagedinthestorm.
3.NeitherIorheaminfavorofhermarriage.
4.Tomaswellastwoofhisfriendswereinvitedtotheparty.
5.Aboutonethirdofthebooksisworthreading.
6.Thenumberofstudentsfromthenortharesmall.
7.WhatmaysurpriseyouarethatI’mgoingtotheUSthisJulyonasummercamp.
8.Morethanoneworkerhavebeenfailedintheexam.
9.Eachboyandeachgirlhaveabeautifuldream.
10.Mathsareoneofthemostimportantcoursesinmiddleschool.
4.选择填空
1.Eachofyou______responsiblefortheaccident.
A.amB.beC.isD.are
2.Eachmanandwoman______thesamerights.
A.hasB.haveC.hadD.ishaving
3.Everymeans______triedbutwithoutmuchresult.
A.hasbeenB.havebeenC.areD.is
4.Themanagerorhisassistant______planningtogo.
A.wereB.areC.wasD.be
5.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris______fondofplayingbasketball.
A.amB.isC.areD.was
6.NeitherTomnorhisparents______athome.
A.isB.areC.hasD.was
7.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal______themeeting.
A.attendsB.attendC.areattendingD.haveattended
8.______waswrong.
A.NottheteacherbutthestudentsB.Boththestudentsandtheteacher
C.NeithertheteachernotthestudentsD.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher
9.Thecommittee______overtheproblemamongthemselvesfortwohours.
A.hasarguedB.hasbeenarguingC.havearguedD.havebeenarguing
10.Tomistheonlyoneofthestallmemberswho______tobepromoted.
A.isgoingB.aregoingC.hasbeengoingD.havebeengoing
11.______istoattendourevening.
A.boththesingerandthedancerB.Eitherthesingerordancers
C.ThesingerordancersD.Thesingeranddancer
12.Interest,aswellasprospects,______importantwhenonelooksforajob.
A.areB.wereC.isD.was
13.Thepresident,togetherwithhisassistants,______.
A.havearrivedB.arearrivingC.hadarrivedD.hasarrived
14.Anumberofcars______infrontofthepark
A.isparkedB.wasparkedC.areparkedD.hasparked
15.Thenumberofarticlespublishedonsmoking______amazing.
A.isB.areC.wereD.havebeen
16.Mostofthedoctors______smokingisharmfultohealth.
A.arebelievedB.hadbelievedC.hasbelievedD.believe
17.Themajorityofthedamage______easytorepair.
A.isB.areC.wereD.be
18.Notonlythewholenation,butthewholeEurope,indeedthewholehumansociety______tochangeitsattitudetoracialproblems.
A.needB.needsC.hasaneedD.haveaneed
19..Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday_______yet.（03上海）
A.arenotdecidedB.havenotbeendecidedC.isnotbeingdecidedD.hasnotbeendecided
20.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren_____skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.（06辽宁）
A.isgoingB.goC.goesD.aregoing
21.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho____awinnerofscholarshipfor3years.（02上海）
A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen
22.Apoetandartist____comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrow.
A.isB.areC.wasD
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