精校解析Word版高考专题英语二轮15阅读理解 主旨大意三.docx
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精校解析Word版高考专题英语二轮15阅读理解主旨大意三
阅读理解-主旨大意三
1、 Americansareexpectedtospend$8.4billiononcandyandcostumesthisHalloween,accordingtoanannualsurveyfromtheNationalRetailFederation(NRF).Thefiguremarksanall-timehighforthesurvey,whichhasbeenconductedforthepast11years.
Halloweenspendingfor2016isupnearly22%fromlastyear's$6.9billion.TheNRFpredictsthatmorethan171millionAmericanconsumerswillparticipateinHalloweencelebrations,andwillspendanaverageof$82.93perperson,upfromlastyear's$74.34.Shoppersareexpectedtospendatotalof$3.1billiononcostumes,with$2.5billionbeingspentoncandy,$2.4billionondecorations,and$390millionongreetingcards.
“Afteralongsummer,familiesareexcitedtowelcomethefallseasoncelebratingHalloween,"NRFPresidentandCEOMatthewShaysaidinastatement.‘‘Retailers(零售商)arepreparingforthedaybyofferingawidevarietyofoptionsincostumes,decorationsandcandy,whilebeingaggressivewiththeirpromotionstocapturethemostoutofthisshoppingevent."
ProperInsights&AnalyticsconductedthesurveyfortheNRFfromSeptember6to13.Ofthe6,791consumerswhotookpart,71%intendtospendHalloweenhandingoutcandy.Otherplannedactivitiesinclude:
decoratingtheirhomeoryard(49%);dressingincostume(47%);pumpkincarving(46%);throwingorgoingtoaparty(34%);takingtheirkidstrick-or-treating(30%);anddressingtheirpet(s)incostume(16%).
Ifyoufindyourselfwithleftovers,youcanusethemforagooddeed.ManydentistofficesacrossthecountryparticipateintheHalloweenCandyBuyBackprogram.Throughtheprogram,theybuybackextracandiesandsendthemincarepackagestotroopsoverseas.Thatoughttoleaveyouwithasweetfeeling!
1.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?
A.Halloweenspendingoncostumesismorethanspendingonotheritems.
B.Halloweenspendingoncandyisdecreasing.
C.HalloweenisthemostimportantholidayforAmericans.
D.Americansseldomsendpostcardsthesedays.
2.AccordingtoMatthewShay,_____.
A.mostshopswillbeshutofffortheholiday
B.retailersarewellpreparedfortheholiday
C.peoplecanwearvariousclothesfortheholiday
D.mostpeoplewillgoshoppingonHalloween
3.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Asurveyconductedforthepast11years
B.WhatAmericansbuyforHalloween
C.HowmuchdoesHalloweencost?
D.HowdoAmericanscelebrateHalloween?
2 Hereissomemust-knowinformationfromahandbookonhowpeoplebehaveindoingbusinessinsomecountries.
InBrazil
Braziliansarewarmandfriendly.Theyoftenstandclosewhentalkinganditiscommonforthemtotouchthepersonontheshoulder.Peopleoftengreeteachother(particularlywomen)withlightcheekkisses.Schedulestendtobeflexible,withbusinessmeetingssometimesstartinglaterthanplanned.Buttobesafe,beontime.Mealscanstretchforhours—there’snosuchthingasrushingamealinBrazil.Lunchesalsocanstartinthemidtolateafternoon.Braziliansaresocial,preferringface-to-facecommunicationovermailsorphonecalls.
InSingapore
Singaporeansshakehandswhentheymeetandoftenalsogreeteachotherwithasmall,politebow.Businesscardsshouldbeofferedandreceivedwithtwohands.Arrivinglateisconsidereddisrespectful.Sobeontime.Efficiency(效率)isthegoal,someetingsanddealingsoftenarefast-paced.Singaporeansaredirectintheirdiscussions,evenwhenthesubjectisaboutmoney.Rankisimportantandauthorityisrespected.Thisdeterminesbothpeopleinteractinmeetings.Forexample,peopleavoiddisagreeingoutrightwithsomeonewithahigherrank.
IntheUnitedArabEmirates
IntheUAE,statusisimportant,sothemostseniororoldestshouldbegreetedfirstwiththeirtitles.Thehandshakeseemstobelongerthanelsewhere.So,donotpullawaythehandshake.Womenshouldcoverthemselveswhenitcomestodress.Menalsotendtobecoveredfromnecktoelbows(肘部)anddowntotheknees.Peopledonotavoidentertainingintheirhomes,buttheyalsoholdbusinessmealsatrestaurants.Touchingorpassingfoodoreatingwithyourlefthandistobeavoided.Whenmeetingsareone-to-one,ifyourhostoffersyoucoffee,youshouldrefuse.Itmightseemodd,butitisaculturaltradition.Coffeeshouldonlybeacceptedifitisalwayssetoutorpresented.
InSwitzerland
TheSwisstendtobeformalandaddresseachotherbylastname.Theyalsoarerespectfulofprivatelives.Youshouldbecarefulnottoaskaboutpersonaltopics.Punctuality(守时)isvital,somethingthatcomesfromadeeprespectforothers’time.Arriveatanymeetingoreventafewminutesearlytobesafe.Theyalsohaveclearstructureintheircompanies.Higher-upsmakethefinaldecisions,evenifothersmightdisagree.Neat,cleandressisexpected.TheSwissfollowformaltablemanners.Theyalsokeeptheirhandsvisibleatthetableandtheirelbowsoffthetable.Itispolitetofinishthefoodonyourplate.
1.Thepassageismainlyabout________.
A.communicationtypes
B.theworkplaceatmosphere
C.customsandsocialmanners
D.livingconditionsandstandards
2.WhydoSingaporeansavoidarguingwiththeirboss?
A.Theyputefficiencyinthefirstplace.
B.Theydislikeface-to-facecommunication.
C.Theywanttofinishmeetingsasquicklyaspossible.
D.Theyaresupposedtoobeythepersonofahigherrank.
3.IntheUAE,whenshouldyourefusethecoffeeifitisoffered?
A.Whengreetingseniors
B.Whenmeetingthehostalone
C.Whenattendingapresentation
D.Whendiningwithbusinesspartners.
4.Inwhichcountrydopeoplecareaboutwheretoputtheirhandsatthedinnertable?
A.InBrazil.
B.InSingapore.
C.IntheUnitedArabEmirates.
D.InSwitzerland.
3、 InancientEgypt,ashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractcustomerstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics(策略).
Onetacticinvolveswheretodisplaythegoods.Forexample,storesplacefruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection.Theyknowthatcustomerswhobuythehealthyfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfood(垃圾食品)laterintheirtrip.Indepartmentstores,thewomen’sshoesectionisgenerallynexttothewomen’scosmetics(化妆品)section:
whiletheshopassistantisgoingbacktofindtherightsizeshoe,boredcustomersarelikelytowanderoverandfindsomecosmeticstheymightwanttotrylater.
Besides,businessesseektoappealtocustomers'senses.Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoodsencouragesshopping,sotheymaketheirownbreadeachmorningandthenfanthebreadsmellintothestorethroughouttheday.Musicsellsgoods,too.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatwhenFrenchmusicwasplayed,salesofFrenchwineswentup.
Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACaliforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepoolthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.
1.Whydostoresusuallydisplayfruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection?
A.Tosavecustomerstime.
B.Toshowtheyarehighqualityfoods.
C.Tohelpselljunkfood.
D.Tosellthematdiscountprices.
2.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingencouragescustomerstobuy?
A.Openingthestoreearlyinthemorning.
B.DisplayingBritishwinesnexttoFrenchones.
C.Invitingcustomerstoplaymusic.
D.Fillingthestorewiththesmelloffreshbread.
3.WhatistheCaliforniabuilder’sstoryintendedtoprove?
A.Thehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.
B.Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.
C.Anoceanviewismuchtothecustomers'taste.
D.Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.
4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Toexplainhowbusinessesturnpeopleintotheircustomers.
B.Tointroducehowbusinesseshavegrownfromthepast.
C.Toreportresearchesoncustomerbehavior.
D.Toshowdishonestbusinesspractices.
4、 Someoftheworld’smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.
Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.
It’sJasonMoran’sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter’sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.
“Jazzseemslikeit’snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite,”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio’sreporterNealConan.“WhatI’mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwriteanymore.It’sactuallycolor,andit’sactuallydigital.”
Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusiccan’tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame,”saysMoran.
Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller’smusicforadance