37篇短文改错答案请见另一文档解读.docx

37篇短文改错答案请见另一文档解读.docx

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37篇短文改错答案请见另一文档解读

2009年专八改错真题（有若干空模棱两可，注意咯！

）

Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepasses

fromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifference

（1）______

betweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learnt

inearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthelittlelistener

（2）_____

hasgrownup,andhastheirown,orevengrandchildren.（3）______

Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmitting

itmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears,withtheplayground（4）______

lore,therefore,arhymemaybeexcitedlypassedonwithintheveryhour（5）_____

itislearnt;and,inthegeneral,itpassesbetweenchildrenofthe（6）______

sameage,ornearlyso,sinceitisuncommonforthedifferenceinage

betweenplaymatestobemorethanfiveyears.If,therefore,aplayground

rhymecanbeshowntohavebeencurrentlyforahundredyears,or（7）_____

evenjustforfifty,itfollowsthatithasbeentransmittedover

andover;verypossiblyithaspassedalongachainoftwoorthree（8）_____

hundredyounghearersandtellers,andthewonderisthatitremainslive（9）_____

aftersomuchhandling,toletalonethatitbearsresemblancetothe（10）______

originalwording.

模拟1

Weliveinasocietywhichthereisalotoftalkaboutscience,butIwouldsay_____1

thattherearenot5percentofthepeoplewhoareequippedwithschool,includingcollege,tounderstandscientificreasoning.Wearemoreignorantofscienceaspeople_____2

withcomparableeducationinWesternEurope.Therearealotofkidswhoknoweverythingaboutcomputers—howtobuild

them,howtotakethemapart,andhowtowriteprogramsforgames.Soifyouask_____3

themtoexplainabouttheprinciplesofphysicsthathavegoneintocreatingthe_____4

computer,youdon’thavefaintestidea._____5

Thefailuretounderstandscienceleadstosuchthingsliketheneglectofhuman_____6

creativepower.Italsotakesrisetoblurringofthedistinctionbetweenscienceand_____7

technology.Lotsofpeopledon’tdifferbetweenthetwo.Scienceistheproductionof_____8

newknowledgethatcanbeappliedornot,andtechnologyistheapplicationofknowledgetotheproductionofsomeproducts,machineryorthelike.Thetwoarereallydifferent,andpeoplewhohavethefacultyforoneveryseldomhaveafacultyfortheothers._____9

Scienceinitselfisharmless,moreorless.Butassoonasitcanprovidetechnology,

it’snotnecessarilyharmful.Nosocietyhasyetearnedtoforecasttheconsequences_____10

ofnewtechnology,whichcanbeenormous.

模拟2

Abouthalfoftheinfantandmaternaldeathsindevelopingcountriescouldbeavoidedifwomenhadusedfamilyplanningmethodstopreventhighrisk____1

pregnancies,accordingtoareportpublishingrecentlybytheJohnsHopkingUniversity.____2

Thereportindicatesthat5.6millioninfantdeathsand2,000,000maternalDeathscouldbepreventedthisyearifwomenchosetohavetheirschildren____3

withinthesafestyearswithadequateintervalsamongbirthsandlimitedtheir____4

familiestomoderatesize.Thisamountstoabouthalfofthe9.8millioninfantand370.000maternaldeathsindevelopingcountries,excludedChina,estimatedforthisyearby____5

theUnitedNation’sChildren’sFundandtheUSCentersforDiseaseControl

respectably.Chinawasexcludedbecauseveryfewbirthsoccurinthehighriskcategories.____6

Thereportsaysthatevidencesfromaroundtheworldshowstheriskof____7

maternalorinfantillanddeathisthehighestinfourspecifictypesof____8

pregnancy;pregnanciesbeforethemotheris18yearold;thoseafterthe____9

motheris35yearsold;pregnanciesafterfourbirths;andthoselesserthantwoyearsapart.____10

模拟3

"Home,sweethome"isaphrasethatexpressesanessentialattitude

intheUnitedStates.Whethertherealityoflifeinthefamily

houseissweetornosweet.ThecherishedidealofhomehasgreatS1.________

importanceformanypeople.

ThisidealisavitalpartoftheAmericandream.Thisdream,

dramatizedinthehistoryofnineteenth-centuryEuropeansettlersofthe

AmericanWest,wastofindapieceofplace,buildahouseforone'sS2.________

family,andstartedafarm.ThesesmallhouseholdswereportraitsofS3.________

independence:

theentirefamily--mother,father,children,even

grandparents—liveinasmallhouseandworkingtogethertosupport　S4.________

eachother.AnyoneunderstoodthelifeanddeathimportanceoffamilyS5.________

cooperationandhardwork.

AlthoughmostpeopleintheUnitedStatesnolongerliveon

farms,buttheidealofhomeownershipisjustasstronginthetwentieth　S6.________

centuryasitwasinthenineteenth.

WhenU.S,soldierscamehomebeforeWorldWarII,for　S7.________

example,theydreamedofbuyinghousesandstartingfamilies.ButthereS8.________

wasatremendousboominhomebuilding.Thenewhouses,typically

inthesuburbs,wereoftensmallandmoreorlessidentical,butitS9.________

satisfiedadeepneed.Manyregardedthesingle-familyhousethebasisof　S10.________

theirwayoflife.　

模拟4

Ancientmanattemptedtochangetheweatherbyusingmagic.

Whileexperiencetaughthimthiswasimpossible,__1

hetriedtoforecastweatherconditions.Evenearlierin__2

1000B.C.therewereweatherseersinBabylon----andpriests

cleverenoughtodenounceasfraudsthosepredicted__3

theweatherayearintheadvance.Someforecastersused__4

methodsthatseemedtotakenoconnectionwiththeactual__5

factorscontrolledtheweather.Chickensandotheranimals__6

weresacrificedandtheirintestines

pokedtofindsignsindicatingrainanddrought.Somewhatmorescientificwere__7

predictionsbasedonvegetation:

"Onion'sskinverythin,

mildweathercomingin.Onion'sskinthickandtough,comingweatheriscoldandrough."__8

Insectsandanimalswerealsofavoriteweatherclues:

"Beforetheglowwormlightshis__9

lamp,thentheairisalwaysdamp.""Ifspiderstheircobwebsforsake,theweatherwillforcertainbreak."

"Iffrogsremainedinpools,theweatherwillbefine.Iftheywereseenonrocks,__10

rainandcoldweredue."It'sdifficulttosaywhetherthisrhymeshouldbetakenseriously:

"Hark,Iheartheassesbray.Methinkswe'llhavesomeraintoday."

模拟5

Itisdifficulttothinkofanationasanabstractcollectionofpeoplelivingonapatchofterritory.Itiseasiertothinkofasaperson.ThisiswhywesometimescallGreatBritain__1

"Britannia"andtheUnitedStates"Columbia",

andthinkofitasstatelywomen.Wealsousemasculinesymbolsinour__2__

personificationofnations.In1712JohnArbuthont,aScot,

wroteapoliticalsatireinthatthecharactersweresupposed__3__

tobetypicalmembersofdifferentnationalities.

TheEnglishmanwasJohnBull.Thisname,whichwassufficientflatteringtobe__4__

adoptedgenerally,combinedthemostcommonEnglishfirstname

withalastnameindicatedstrength.JohnBullisusually__5__

picturedasapartlybusinessmanwithaUnionJackonhishatband.

AftertheAmericanWarofIndependencebeganin1783,theUnited__6

Stateswasknownfor"BrotherJonathan".Jonathanwasabiblical__7

nameassociatedwithsimplepeoplefromruralareas,

anditseemedfittingsincetheUnitedStatesisruralandunsophistcated,andsince__8__

Americansconsideredtheirtypeofsimplicityavirtuecomparedto__9__

thewickednessofEuropeancities.Itispossible,

however,thatthenamewasoriginatedwithPresidentGeorgeWashington,whowould__10_

oftensay,whenfacedwithahardproblem,"LetusconsultBrotherJonathan",referringtohissecrectary,JohnathanTrumbull.

模拟6

Middleagehasitscompensations.Youthisboundhandandfootwiththeshacklesofpublicopinion.Middleageenjoysfreedom.Irememberthatwhenilefttheschoolisaidtomyself:

__1

"Henceforward.Icangetupwhenilikeandgotobedwhenilike."Thatofcoursewasanexaggeration,andisoonfoundthatwheneveryouhaveanaimyoumustsacrificesomethingoffreedomtoachieveit.Butbythetimeyouhavereachedmiddleageyoudiscoveredhow__2

muchfreedomitwasworthtosacrificeinordertoachieveanyaimthat__3

youhaveonview.Wheniwasaboyiwastorturedbyshyness,__4

andmiddleagehastoagreatextentbroughtmeareliefofthis.I__5

havenownosuchfeelingandisavemyselfmuchdiscomfort.Ialwayshatedcoldwater,butformanyyearsibathincoldseasbecause__6

iwantedtobelikeeverybody.__7

Itwasuntilquitelateinlifethatidiscoveredhoweasyitwas__8

tosay:

"idon'tknow."ifindwithmiddleagenooneexpectsmetowalktwenty-fivemiles,ortoplayascratchgameofgolf,ortodivefromaheightofthirtyfeet.Thisisalltothegoodandmakeslifepleasant,butishouldnolongercareiftheydo.Thatiswhatmakes__9

youthunhappy,thevehementanxietytobelikeotherpeople,andthatiswhatmakesmiddleageintolerable,thereconciliationwithoneself.__10

模拟7

Whethertheeyesare"thewindowsofthesoul"isdebatable;theyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisa__1

fact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy'slife,thestimulithat__2

producesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednottobereal:

a__3

maskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,orwillthesightof__4

onlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedonprofile.Thisattractionto__5

eyesopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.__6

Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldwereaskedtodraw__7

people,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,and99perc