高级英语复习资料.docx
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高级英语复习资料
1.Pragmatism,whichwemeanitmusthelptopromoteindividualinterest.
2.Thepovertyofthepoorwascausedbytheirhavingtoomanykids.
3.Therichwerenottoblamefortheexistenceofpovertysothatitwasn’ttheirresponsibilitytosolvetheproblem.
4.Itisjustaresultoraeffectofthelawofthesurvivalofthefittestappliedtonatureorhumansociety.
5.PeoplebegantorejectSocialDarwinismbecauseitseemedtoglorifybrutalforceandignorepreciousvaluesofsympathy,loveandfriendship.Asaresult,itwasusuallyincurredcriticism.
6.Theinvestigationtofindawaytojustifytheunconcernforthepoorhadjustbeensuspendedratherthanabandoned.
7.Itisaveryrarephenomenaamonggovernmentofficialsthatsomeofthemwouldpayhighpricesforofficeequipmenttogetkickbacks.
8.Itisaverypopularstoryandhasbeenacceptedbymanypeople,butitisafalsestory.
9.Beliefcanbeusefulinthesearchfortruth.Butmoreoftenthannotbeliefisacceptedbecauseitisconvenient.
10.GeorgeGilderholdstheviewthatsufferingisnecessaarytostimulatethepoortomakegreateffortstochangetheirsituation.
1.Whatpeopledomayunintentionallycausenaturaldisasters,suchasdroughts,floodsandheatwaves.
2.Thepictureofearthweseeinphotos,posters,andads,whichappearssobeautiful,isnotthetruereflectionoftheworldwelivein;suchimagelullsusintocomplacency.
3.Humanactivitieshaveoccupiedsuchlargeareasandwithsuchintensitythattheyhavealreadycauseddisastrouseffectsonecology.
4.Thefishcouldplayitsrolebecauseitbecameanecessarypartwiththeprocessesprecedingitandtheprocessesfollowingitintheecologicalsystem.
5.Beingproducedtosatisfysuchnarrowpurposes,itisnotsurprisingthatsomecharactersofcarsareharmfultotheenvironment.
6.Thefamerappliedmoreandmorefertilizerwhiletheincreaseofproductiondidn’triseatthesamerateofthefertilizer.
7.Peopleeatplantsandanimals,andtheirwasteisflushedintosewage.ˈsuːɪdʒAfterbeingprocessed,thenumberandpropertyoftheresidueisunchangedatall.Andtheresiduewillgointorivers,oceansandwillhaveharmfuleffectontheaquaticsystem.
8.Theecosystemswillstillremainthesamewithoutbeingdisturbedbyoutsideintrusion.
9.Incontrasttotheecosphere,thecharacteristicsofobjectsandmaterialsinthetechnospherearesomethingofrapidchangeandgreatvariety.
10.Ifwetakesidesinthewaroftwoworlds,wearedoingsomethingattheriskoflosingthechancetosolvetheproblemofgraveenvironmentalcrisis.
1.Therearemanyprejudicesinanarrogantmanneraboutthepropertiesofthesocialorderandeconomicorderandtheytakeitforgranted.AndtheUSAjustrejected(deserted)suchprejudicementionedabove.
2.NoonecansaythatAmericanshaveneverbeentemptedbyrigiddogmas,whichdefinenationalgoalsinanordered,comprehensive,andpermanentway.
3.ItisdifficultforthosepeoplewhoareinfluencedbyCalvinisttheologytoresistotherideologicaltemptationstoideologicalthinking.
4.Pragmatismisnotcompletelyfreefromabstractideasjustasideologyisnotcompletelyfreefromexperience,inotherwords,abstractideashaveaplaceinpragmatismjustasexperiencehasaroleinideology.
5.Asamanfollowingafixedsetofbeliefs,Jeffersonisonlyanintersetinghistoricalfigure.Hisbeliefsareoutofdateandhavenothingtodowiththepresentday.
6.Theircentralbeliefsareimprisonedbyawisemanwhoarealwayseffective.
7.InthisuniverseonlyapersonwhosemindisunconstrainedmayabletodiscoverrelativetruthswhilenomanonearthcanclaimthathehasalreadygraspedtheoneandonlyTruth.
8.Ideologyisjustlikeanarcotic.Althoughithasbeenprovedthatideologyiswrongmanytimesbyexperience,peoplestilllongtocommitthemselvestoideology.
9.Theonlythingthatissureofatyrannicalpoweristheill-useofpower.
10.Themostunderstandingcharacteristicofhumanityisthateveniftheyknowthatnomatterhowhardtheytry,theystillcan’tachieveAbsoluteTruth,yettheycontinuetomakegreateffortsandrefusetogiveup.
1.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,humanbeingsnowhavethepowertoputanendtopovertyandhumanmisery,butatthesametimetheyalsopossessthepowertodestroythewholeworldwherewelive,renderingituninhabitableandlifeless.
2.Weareunwillingtoseeorallowtheslowdestructionofthosehumanrights.
3.Tothepeopleoftheunderdevelopedcountriesleadingapoorlifeinruralareas,wecommittedtohelpthemtogetridofmasspovertybytheirownefforts.
4.ButnevershouldweletanyCommunistpowertakeadvantageofthisallianceforprogresstoexpanditsinfluence.
5.LettheCommunistpowersknowthatAmericasaretheAmericasoftheAmericansanddonotattempttointerfereinaffairsofAmericas.
6.Beforetheworldisdestroyedbyanuclearwarlaunchedunwittinglyoronpurpose(deliberately).故意
7.Sofar,bothsidesattempttogetanedgeinthenucleararmsracetobreakthemutualdeterrencewhichhaspreventedtheoutbreakofanuclearwar.
8.Tobewillingtonegotiateandestablishfriendlyrelationsdoesnotmeanthatweareweakorafraid.Declarationsofsincereintentionmustbetestedbyactions.
9.Letbothsidesusethefruitsofscienceforthebenefitofhumanbeingsratherthanusinghigh-techweaponstolaunchwar.
10.EachgenerationofAmericanshaveeverbeencalledupontofightanddiefortheircountry.
1.Thestreetusedtohouseonlythebestfamilies.Butthengreatchangestookplace:
theestablishmentandtheexistenceofgaragesandcottonginsonthisstreetwipedoutthenobletracesinthatneighborhood.
2.ItwoudnotbetruethatMissEmilywouldhaveacceptedcharity.
3.Theladiesmeantthattheydidnotbelievethatamanoranyman,couldkeepakitchenproperly.
4.TheGriersonsholdtheviewthattheythemselvesareveryimportantandthepeopleoftheoutsideworldareallinferiortothem.Theybelongedtotwoentirelydifferentworlds.However,thecomplaintsaboutthesmellservedasalinkbetweenthetwodifferentworldsandcompelledMissEmilytodealwiththeoutsideworld.
5.Thenextdaythemayorreceivedtwomorecomplaints.Oneofthemwasfromashymanwhocameandpleadedtothemayorinatimidway.
6.PeopleinthetownthoughtthattheGriersonfamilyregardedthemselvesmoreimportantthantheyreallydeservedtobe.Andasamatteroffact,MissEmily’sgreat-aunt,oldladyWyatt,hadgonecrazyhadsomethingtodowithsuchblind,undueself-importance.
7.Ordinarypeopleareoftenexcitedorworriedaboutapennymoreorlesstheyget.Beingpoor,nowMissEmilyhavetolearntoappreciatethevalueofmoneyasotherpeopleinthetown.
8.Buttherewerestillothers,olderpeople,whosaidthatnomatterhowsadMissEmilywasoverherfather’sdeath,sheshouldnotforgetshehadcertainobligationsasamemberofthenobility,thoughtheyhardlydescribeherself-restraintbytheexpressionnoblesseoblige.
9.Weweregladtoseethetwocousinswereevenmorestubbornandself-importantthanMissEmily.
10.Andtheveryoldpeoplecofusedthedatesandyearsofpasthappenings.Totheoldpeople,allthepastshouldbelikearoadthatbecomessmallerasitreachesfurtherback.ButtothoseoldSoutherners,therecentpastoftenyearsorsowaslikeanarrowpassage.Beyongdthatnarrowpassage,theremotepastbecameahugelevelgrasslandwherethingswerepleasantlyandfondlymixeduptogether.Likethegreengrassonthegrasslandnevertouchedbythewinter,theirmemoriesoftheremotepastremainedblurred,sweet,romanticizd,andunchanged.
1.AsSaintGeorgeisahero,thepatronofarms,symbolizingchivalry,hisimageoftenappearsonbanners,andhisnameisoftenmentionedinthespeechesofpoliticians.SanitGeorgeisusedasasymbolicfigureforpoliticalpurposes.ButJohnBullisatradesmanwhodeliversthegoodsweneedinoureverydaylifewhilemakingmoneyatthesametime.
2.TheEnglishpublicschoolshaveuniquefeatures.Firstly,allboysliveinboardingdormitory.Secondly,sportsandgamesareorganizedandcompulsoryaspartoftheschoolsubject.Thirdly,年级先辈elderstudentshavespecialdutiestohelpcontroljuniorstudentswhilethelattermustdojobsfortheformer.Lastly,greatemphasisisplacedongoodformandteamspirit.Thesefeaturesenablethestudentsofpublicschooltohavedisproportionatelygreatinfluence.
3.Paycloseattentiontomyuseoftheword“bankrupt”,awordrelatedtobusiness.Thisrevealsmyidentityasamemberofthecommercialnation,whowouldbecarefulandsensibleenoughtoavoidanyriskoffailingtopaytheirdebts.
4.ButmyfriendexpressedhisideasasnmemberoftheOrientalcountries.Theyarenourishedbyatraditionofgreatgenerosityandaffluence,whichisquitedifferentfromtheEnglishtraditionofmiddle-classprudence.
5.Inthisway,trueloveisquitedifferentfrommaterialthingssuchasclayorgoldwhichcanbedividedandtakenaway.However,ifwesharetruelove,itwillneverdiminish.
6.Intheaboveanecdote,IservedasanexampleoftheEnglishmenforthemoment.Thatputmeinahighpositionwhichmakesmedizzyandisunfamiliartome.IwillnowcomedownfromthatheightandreturntomyownroleasyourcommentatoronthecharacteristicsoftheEnglishmen.
7.TheEnglishmen’snervoussystemactspromptlyandfeelsslowly.Thecombinationofthetwocharactersishelpful,andanyonewhohasthiscombinationismostlikelytotobrave.
8.Asliteratureisbasedonnationalcharacter,theremustbeintheEnglishnature