发音规则.docx

发音规则.docx

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发音规则

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母

a在开音节中在闭音节中

[ei][æ]

nameplaneJanebabycakebagdadhatmapblackback

e在开音节中在闭音节中

[i:

][e]

hethesemeChinesebedletpendeskyesegg

i在开音节中在闭音节中

[ai][i]

bikeflydrivetimenicekitefishbigdrinksitmilkswim

o在开音节中在闭音节中

[əu][ɔ]

thoseclosegohoehomenoclocknotboxshopsock

u在开音节中在闭音节中

[ju:

][ʌ]

studentexcusedutyTuesdaybuscupjumpmuchlunch

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:

]音,例如:

Junebluerulersuper

二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母

读音

例词

a

[ə]Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast

[i]orangecomradevillagecabbage

e

[ə]hundredstudentopenweekend

[i]chickenpocketbeginchildren

i

[ə]/[i]

holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal

[ai]

exercisesatellite

[ə]

secondtonightsombodywlcom

[əu]

alsozrophoto

u

[ə]

autumndiffcult

[ju:

]

popularcongratulationJanuary

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[i]音,例如:

oprat

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母jlrs后面时,读[u（:

）]音,例如:

JulyinfluncFbruaryissu

三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母

读音

例词

a在[w]音后面

[ɔ]

wantwhatwatchwashquality

a在fnskphspssstth前

[a:

]

afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather

i在-nd-ld和gh前

[ai]

findchildlighthigh

o在-st-ld前

[əu]

mostpostcardoldcold

o在mnvth前

[ʌ]

comemonkeylovemother

四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读音

例词

ar

[a:

]

carfarmdarksharpener

ar在[w]音后面

[ɔ:

]

warmquartrtowards

or

[ɔ:

]

fortymorningshortor

在[w]音后面

[ə:

]

wordworkrwors

erirur

[ə:

]

certainlybirdThursday

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如:

carrysorryhurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[]音,例如:

dollarteacherforgetSaturday

五,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读音

例词

ar

[ɛə]

caredarehare

ere

[iə]

heremere

ire

[aiə]

firehirewire

or

[ɔ:

]

morescorebefore

ure

[juə]

purecure

areriror很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ʃə]音,例如:

picturepleasure

重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-r音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读[r]音.

例如:

parentzerostoryduringinspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.

例如:

orangeeveryAmericanparagraph

六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读音

例词

ai/ay

[ei]

afraidrainwaitdayplay

air

[ɛə]

airhairchairpairrpair

al在fm前

[ɔ:

l]

smallballtalkwallall

[ɔ:

l]

alwaysalsosaltalmostbald

[a:

]

halfcalm

au/aw

[ɔ:

]

autumndaughtrdraw

ea

[i:

]

teacheasycheapplease

[e]

heavybreadsweaterweather

[ei]

breakgreat

ear

[iə]

heardearnearclearyear

[εə]

bearpearwear

[ə:

]

earthlearnearly

[i:

]

jeepweekgreenthree

eer

[iə]

pioneerdeerbeer

i/y

[ei]

eightneighbourthey

[i:

]

eitherkey

eu/ew在

jlrs后

[ju:

]

newfewnewspaper

[u:

]

flewbrew

i/i[s]音之后

[i:

]

piecefieldreceive

oa

[əu]

coatJoanboatgoal

oar/oor

[ɔ:

]

roarboarddoorfloor

oi/oy

[ɔi]

noisepointboytoilet

oo

[u:

]

broomfoodtoothschool

[u]

booklookcookfootgood

ou/ow

[au]

flowerhouscountdown

[əu]

knowrowthrowthough

[ʌ]

youngcountrynough

[u:

]

groupyousoup

our

[ɔ:

]

courseyourfour

[au]

ourhourours

[ɔ:

]

journey

ui

在jlrs后

[ju:

i]

fluidsuicidetuition

[u:

]

juicefruitsuit

七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群

读音

例词

ai/ayi/y

[i]

Sundayforignmonky

ow

[əu]

yellowsparrowtomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[]音或[i].

例如:

nighboursriousfamousbiscuitcoff

-sion-tion

[ʃn]

imprssionnation

-sion在元音字母后

[ʒn]

visiondcisionoccasion

-tion在s后

[tʃn]

questionsuggestion

-sten

[sn]

listen

-stle

[sl]

whistle

-sure

[ʒ]

pleasuremeasure

-tur

[tʃ]

pictureculture

八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.

例如:

everyday[i]

handbag[æ]

blackboard[ɔ:

]

有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.

例如:

sun太阳+day[i]日子>Sunday[i]星期天

holy神圣+day[i]日子>holiday[i]假日

break中断+fast[a:

]斋戒>breakfast[ə]早餐

cup茶杯+board[ɔ:

]木板>cupboard[ɔ]碗柜

九,辅字组的读音

辅字组

读音

例词

b

[b]

bikebusbag

[/]

bombtomb

c

c在前或在i/y前

[k]

cakepicturecoatmusic

[s]

facedecidecinema

ch

[tʃ]

muchchickrichteacher

[k]

schoolheadachechemistry

[ʃ]

machine

-ck

[k]

cockpocketblackknock

d

[d]

doctorbreadhandday

-dg

[dʃ]

bridgefridge

dr-

[dr]

childrndrivrdrink

f

[f]

fivefourbreakfast

g

g在i/y前

[g]

baggardongo

[dʃ]

orangelargeGerman

gh

[f]

coughenough

[/]

lightdaughtrhigh

gu--gu

gu在非重读音节中

[g]

guessleaguedialogue

[gw]

languageanguish

h

[h]

hotheadhousehand

[/]

hourhonest

j

[dʒ]

jpjarjokjoinJuly

k

[k]

kindbikskatmakwk

kn-

[n]

knifeknowknock

l

[l]

lifemilkschooltall

m

[m]

monkeycomeautumn

-mn

[m]

autumncolumn

n

n在[k][g]音前

[n]

noteshinetennot

[ŋ]

unclthankhungry

-ng

[ŋ]

morningyoungwrong

p

[p]

paprplanpigshippen

ph

[f]

elephantphototelephone

q

[k]

Iraq

qu-

[kw]

qualityquit

r

[r]

redrubberruler

s在词首或清辅音前

元音字母间或浊辅音前

[s]

sitsleepdesk

[z]

musichusband

sc-

[sk]

scarelet

[s]

musclescience

sh

[ʃ]

shefishshirtwash

t在通常情况下

[t]

tenlettermeet

在弱读字母iaieio前

[ʃ]

patientnation

tch

[tʃ]

watch

th在通常情况下

在冠词代词介词连词中

在词尾-th-ther中

[θ]

thinethirtymethod

[ð]

ththswiththan

[ð]

clothfatherweather

tr-

[tr]

treetraincountrytruck

v

[v]

veryvoiceloveleave

w

[w]

weekwinwakesweetwait

[/]

answertwo

wh-

wh-在字母o前

[w]

whatwhenwhitewhy

[h]

whowhosewhole

x

在重读元音前

[ks]

boxtextexercise

[gz]

exampleexistexact

wr-

[r]

write

y-

[j]

yesyardyellowyoung

z

[z]

puzzlezerozoo

重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标记双音节,多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号.

开音节①绝对开音节:

单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如:

nobluebabystudentsecret.

②相对开音节:

单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母构成的重读音节.例如:

namethisbikehomeexcuse.

闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅字组（rwy除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节.例如:

bageggfishnotcup

多音节词重读规则多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读.

例如:

el--phantcon-grat-u-la-tion

词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读.例如:

scien-tificim-pressionnation