TOEFL模拟测试题12.docx

TOEFL模拟测试题12.docx

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TOEFL模拟测试题12

TOEFL模拟测试题（1-2）

READINGCOMPREHENSION

�牐牐�AsmanyasonethousandyearsagointheSouthwest,theHopiandZuniIndiansofNorthAmericawerebuildingwithadobe--sun-bakedbrickplasteredwithmud.Theirhomeslooked

remarkablylikemodemapartmenthouses.Somewerefourstorieshighandcontainedquarters

forperhapsthousandpeople,alongwithstoreroomsforgrainandothergoods.These

buildingswereusuallyputupagainstcliffs,bothtomakeconstructioneasierandfordefense

againstenemies.Theywerereallyvillagesinthemselves,aslaterSpanishexplorersmusthave

realizedsincetheycalledthem"pueblos",whichisSpanishfortown.

�牐牐牐燭hepeopleorthepueblosraisedwhatarecalled"thethreesisters"--corn,beans,and

squash.Theymadeexcellentpotteryandwovemarvelousbaskets,somesofinethattheycould

holdwater.TheSouthwesthasalwaysbeenadrycountry,wherewaterisscarce.TheHopiand

Zunibroughtwaterfromstreamstotheirfieldsandgardensthroughirrigationditches.Water

wassoimportantthatitplayedamajorroleintheirreligion.Theydevelopedelaborate

ceremoniesandreligiousritualstobringrain.

�牐牐燭hewayoflifeofless-settledgroupswassimplerandmorestronglyinfluencedbynature.

SmalltribessuchastheShoshoneandUtewanderedthedryandmountainouslandsbetween

theRockyMountainsandthePacificOcean.Theygatheredseedsandhuntedsmallanimals

suchasrabbitsandsnakes.IntheFarNorththeancestorsoftodaysInuithuntedseals,walruses,

andthegreatwhales.Theylivedrightonthefrozenseasinshelterscalledigloosbuiltofblocks

ofpackedsnow.Whensummercame,theyfishedforsalmonandhuntedthelordlycaribou.

�牐牐�TheCheyenne,Pawnee,andSiouxtribes,knownasthePlainsIndians,livedonthe

grasslandsbetweentherockymountainsandtheMississippiRiver.Theyhuntedbison

commonlycalledthebuffalo.Itsmeatwasthechieffoodofthesetribes,anditshidewasused

tomaketheirclothingandthecoveringoftheirtentsandtipis.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

（A）ThearchitectureofearlyAmericanIndianbuildings

（B）ThemovementofAmericanIndiansacrossNorthAmerica

（C）CeremoniesandritualsofAmericanIndians

（D）ThewayoflifeofAmericanIndiantribesinearlyNorthAmerica

2.AccordingtothepassagetheHopiandZunitypicallybuilttheirhomes

（A）invalleys

（B）nexttostreams

（C）onopenplains

（D）againstcliffs

3.Theword"They"inline6refersto

（A）goods

（B）buildings

（C）cliffs

（D）enemies

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthedwellingsoftheHopiandZuniwere

（A）verysmall

（B）highlyadvanced

（C）difficulttodefend

（D）quicklyconstructed

5.Theauthorusesthephrase"thethreesisters"inline8referto

（A）Hopiwomen

（B）familymembers

（C）importantcrops

（D）rainceremonies

6.Theword"scarce"inline10isclosestinmeaningto

（A）limited

（B）hidden

（C）pure

（D）necessary

7.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheShoshoneandUte?

（A）TheywerenotassettledastheHopiandZuni.

（B）Theyhuntedcaribou.

（C）Theybuilttheirhomewithadobe.

（D）Theydidnothavemanyreligious.

8.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingtribeslivedinthegrasslands?

（A）TheShoshoneandUte

（B）TheCheyenneandSioux

（C）TheHopiandZuni

（D）ThePawneeandInuit

9.WhichofthefollowinganimalswasmostimportanttothePlainsIndians?

（A）Thesalmon

（B）Thecaribou

（C）Theseal

（D）Thebuffalo

10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthorasadwellingplaceofearly

NorthAmericans?

（A）Logcabins

（B）Adobehouses

（C）Tipis

（D）Igloos

11.TheauthorgivesanexplanationforallofthefollowingwordsEXCEPT

（A）adobe

（B）pueblos

（C）caribou

（D）bison

12.TheauthorgroupsNorthAmericanIndiansaccordingtotheir

（A）tribesandgeographicalregions

（B）artsandcrafts

（C）ritualsandceremonies

（D）dateofappearanceonthecontinent

�牐牐燤arianneMoore（1887-1972）oncesaidthatherwritingcouldbecalledpoetryonly

becausetherewasnoothernameforit.Indeedherpoemsappeartobeextremelycompressed

essaysthathappentobeprintedinjaggedlinesonthepage.Hersubjectswerevaried:

animals,

laborers,artists,andthecraftofpoetry.Fromhergeneralreadingcamequotationsthatshe

foundstrikingorinsightful.Sheincludedtheseinherpoems,scrupulouslyenclosedinquotation

marks,andsometimesidentifiedinfootnotes.Ofthispractice,shewrote,"Whythemany

quotationmarks?

Iamasked......Whenathinghasbeensaidsowellthatitcouldnotbesaid

better,whyparaphraseit?

Hencemywritingis,ifnotacabinetoffossils,akindofcollection

offliesinamber."Closeobservationandconcentrationondetailarethemethodsofherpoetry.

�牐牐燤arianneMooregrewupinKirkwood,Missouri,nearSt.Louis.Aftergraduationfrom

BrynMawrCollegein1909,shetaughtcommercialsubjectsattheIndianSchoolinCarlisle,

Pennsylvania.LatershebecamealibrarianinNewYorkCity.Duringthe1920sshewaseditor

ofTheDial,animportantliterarymagazineoftheperiod.Shelivedquietlyallherlife,mostly

inBrooklyn,NewYork.ShespentalotoftimeattheBronxZoo,fascinatedbyanimals.

HeradmirationoftheBrooklynDodgers---beforetheteammovedtoLosAngeles---was

widelyknown.

�牐牐燞erfirstbookofpoemswaspublishedinLondonin1921byagroupoffriendsassociated

withtheImagistmovement.Fromthattimeonherpoetryhasbeenreadwithinterestby

succeedinggenerationsofpoetsandreaders.In1952shewasawardthePulitzerPrizeforher

CollectedPoems.Shewrotethatshedidnotwritepoetry"formoneyorfame.Toearnaliving

isneedful,butitcanbedoneinroutineways.Onewritesbecauseonehasaburningdesireto

objectifywhatitisindispensabletooneshappinesstoexpress......."

13.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

（A）TheinfluenceoftheImagistsonMarianneMoore.

（B）Essayistsandpoetsofthe1920s

（C）Theuseofquotationsinpoetry

（D）MarianneMoorslifeandwork

14.WhichifthefollowingcanbeinterredaboutMoorespoems?

（A）TheyarebetterknowninEuropethantheUnitedStates.

（B）Theydonotusetraditionalverseforms.

（C）TheywereallpublishedinTheDial.

（D）Theytendtobeabstract.

15.AccordingtothepassageMoorewroteaboutallofthefollowingEXCEPT

（A）artists

（B）animals

（C）fossils

（D）workers

16.WhatdoesMoorerefertoas"fliesinamber"（line9）?

（A）Acommonimageinherpoetry

（B）Poetryinthetwentiethcentury

（C）Concentrationondetail

（D）Quotationswithinherpoetry

17.TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingasjobsheldbyMooreEXCEPT

（A）commercialartist

（B）teacher

（C）magazineeditor

（D）librarian

18.Theword"period"inline13isclosestinmeaningto

（A）movement

（B）school

（C）region

（D）time

19.WheredidMoorespendmostofheradultlife?

（A）InKirkwood

（B）InBrooklyn

（C）InLosAngeles

（D）InCarlisle

20.Theword"succeeding"inline19isclosestinmeaningto

（A）inheriting

（B）prospering

（C）diverse

（D）later

21.Theword"it"inline21refersto

（A）writingpoetry

（B）becomingfamous

（C）earningnliving

（D）attractingreaders

22.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatMoorewrotebecauseshe

（A）wantedtowinawards

（B）wasdissatisfiedwithwhatotherswrote

（C）feltaneedtoexpressherself

（D）wantedtoraisemoneyfortheBronxZoo

�牐牐燱hatmakesitrain?

RainfallsfromcloudsforthesamereasonanythingfallstoEarth.

TheEarthsgravitypullsit.Buteverycloudismadeofwaterdropletsoricecrystals.Why

doesntrainorsnowfallconstantlyfromallclouds?

Thedropletsoricecrystalsincloudsare

exceedinglysmall.Theeffectorgravityonthemisminute.Aircurrentsmoveandliftdroplets

sothatthenetdownwarddisplacementiszero,eventhoughthedropletsareinconstantmotion.

�牐牐燚ropletsandicecrystalsbehavesomewhatlikedustintheairmadevisibleinashaftof

sunlight.Tothecasualobserver,dustseemstoactinatotallyrandomfashion,movingabout

chaoticallywithoutfixeddirection.Butinfactdustparticlesaremuchlargerthanwaterdroplets

andtheyfinallyfall.Theaveragesizeofaclouddropletisonly0.0004inchindiameter.Itisso

smallthatitwouldtakesixteenhourstofallhalfamileinperfectlystillair,anditdoesnotfall

outofmovingairatall.Onlywhenthedropletgrowstodiameterof0.008inchorlargercan

itfallfromthecloud.Theaverageraindropcontainsamilliontimesasmuchwaterasatiny

clouddroplet.Thegrowthofaclouddroplettoasizelargeenoughtofalloutisthecauseof

rainandotherformsofprecipitation.Thisimportantgrowthprocessiscalled"coalescence.

23.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

（A）Themechanicsofrain

（B）TheweatherpatternsofNorthAmerica

（C）HowEarthsgravityaffectsagriculture

（D）Typesofclouds

24.Theword"minuteinline4isclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?

（A）second

（B）tiny

（C）slow

（D）steady

25.Thcword"motioninline5isclosestinmeaningto

（A）wind

（B）change

（C）movement

（D）humidity

26.IcecrystalsdoNOTimmediatelyfalltoEarthbecause

（A）theyarekeptaloftbyaircurrents.

（B）theycombinewithotherchemicalsintheatmosphere

（C）mostofthemevaporate

（D）theirelectricalchargesdrawthemawayfromtheearth

27.Theword"random"inline7isclosestinmeaningto

（A）unpredictable

（B）perplexing

（C）independentI

（D）abnormal

28.Whatcanbeinferredaboutdropsof