最新高中英语人教版必修4同步练习题Unit 3 单元综合测评3.docx
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最新高中英语人教版必修4同步练习题Unit3单元综合测评3
单元综合测评(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)
A
In1905,aspartofhisSpecialTheoryofRelativity,AlbertEinsteinpublishedthepointthatalargeamountofenergycouldbereleasedfromasmallamountofmatter.ThiswasexpressedbyequationE=me2(energy=masstimesthespeedoflightsquared).ButbombswerenotwhatEinsteinhadinmindwhenhepublishedthisequation(等式).
In1929,hepubliclydeclaredthatifawarbrokeout,hewould“refusedtodowarservice,directorindirect...”Hispositionwouldchangein1933,astheresultofAdolfHitler'scomingintopowerinGermany.
Einstein'sgreatestroleintheinventionoftheatomicbombwassigningalettertoPresidentFranklinRoosevelturgingthatthebombbebuiltbecausesomephysicistsfearedthatGermanymightbeworkingonanatomicbomb.AmongthoseconcernedwerephysicistsLeoSzilardandEugeneWigner.ButSzilardandWignerhadnoinfluencewiththoseinpower.SoinJuly1939theyexplainedtheproblemtosomeonewhodid:
AlbertEinstein.AftertalkingwithEinstein,inAugust1939SzilardwrotealettertoPresidentRooseveltwithEinstein'ssignatureonit,whichwasdeliveredtoRooseveltinOctober1939.
GermanyhasinvadedPolandthepreviousmonth;thetimewasripeforaction.ThatOctoberresearchofabombbeganbutproceededslowlybecausetheinventionoftheatomicbombseemeddistantandunlikely.InApril1940anEinsteinletter,ghostwrittenbySzilard,pressedtheresearchersontheneedfor“greaterspeed”.
Astherealizationofnuclearweaponsgrewnear,Einsteinlookedbeyondthecurrentwartofutureproblemsthatsuchweaponscouldbring.Hewrotetohisfriendabouthisfearaboutthefutureuseoftheabomb.
TheatomicbombingsofJapanoccurredthreemonthsafterGermanygavein.
InNovember1954,fivemonthsbeforehisdeath,Einsteinsummarizedhisfeelingsabouthisroleinthecreationoftheatomicbomb:
“Imadeonegreatmistakeinmylife...whenIsignedalettertoPresidentRooseveltrecommendingthatatombombsbemade;buttherewassomejustification—thedangerthattheGermanswouldmakethem”.
1.Einsteinrealizedhismistakeof________.
A.cooperatingwithhisworkmates
B.inventingtheatomicbomb
C.publishinghisequation
D.signingthelettertoPresidentRoosevelt
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据最后一段中的“Imadeonegreatmistakeinmylife...whenIsignedalettertoPresidentRooseveltrecommendingthatatombombsbemade...”可知,当亲自给罗斯福总统写那封信时,爱因斯坦意识到自己犯了错误。
故选D。
【答案】 D
2.WecanconcludethatEinstein________.
A.wasimportantinthedevelopmentofatomicbomb
B.wasnotinvolvedintheinventionofatomicbomb
C.directlyparticipatedintheinventionoftheatomicbomb
D.helpedwiththeinventionofatomicbomb
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据第三段中的“Einstein'sgreatestroleintheinventionoftheatomicbombwassigningalettertoPresidentFranklinRoosevelturgingthatthebombbebuilt...”可得知,对于原子弹的研发,爱因斯坦起着重要作用。
故选A。
【答案】 A
3.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe________.
A.AStoryofAlbertEinstein
B.AlbertEinsteinandtheAtomicBomb
C.ItwasUnfairforEinstein
D.HowtheAtomicBombwasInvented
【解析】 主旨大意题。
根据全文内容可判断出,本文主要讲述的是爱因斯坦对原子弹的研发的影响,所以B项“爱因斯坦和原子弹”适合用作本文的标题。
故选B。
【答案】 B
B
Alanworkedinanofficeinthecity.Heworkedveryhardandreallywantedtotakeaholiday.
Heusuallywenttotheseaside,butonedayhesawanadinanewspaper.“Enjoycountrylife.SpendafewweeksatWillowFarm.Goodfood,freshair,horseriding,walking,fishing.Goodprices.”
“Thissoundslikeagoodidea,”hethought.“I'llspendamonthatWillowFarm.I'llenjoyhorseriding,walkingandfishing.They'llmakeachangefromsittingbytheseaside.”
Fourdayslaterhereturnedhome.
“What'swrongwithWillowFarm?
”
HisfriendJackaskedhim.“Didn'tyouenjoycountrylife?
”
“Countrylifewasfine,”Alansaid,“buttherewasanotherproblem.”
“Oh,what?
”
“Well,thefirstdayIwasthereasheepdied,andwehadroastmuttonfordinner.”
“Freshmeatisthebest.”
“Iknow,butontheseconddayacowdied,andwehadroastbeeffordinner.”
“Luckyyou!
”
“Youdon'tunderstand,”Alansaid.
“Onthethirddayapigdiedandwehadroastporkfordinner.”
“Adifferentroasteveryday,”Jacksaid.
“Letmefinish,”Alansaid,“onthefourthdaythefarmerdiedandIdidn'tdaretostayfordinner!
”
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲了Alan在乡村度假的经历,第一天一只羊死了,他与村民们吃了烤羊肉,第二天一只牛死了,他与村民们吃了烤牛肉,第三天一头猪死了,他与村民们吃了烤猪肉,第四天农场主死了,Alan吓得回来了。
4.Alanusuallyspenthisholiday________.
A.bytheseaside B.inthecountry
C.inthemountainsD.onanisland
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据第二段的第一句“Heusuallywenttotheseaside”可知。
【答案】 A
5.AlandecidedtospendhisholidayatWillowFarmbecause________.
A.helivednearthere
B.hehadagoodfriendthere
C.hethoughtitwouldmakeachangefromsittingbytheseaside
D.hewantedtoenjoythefreshairinthecountry
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据第三段的“They'llmakeachangefromsittingbytheseaside.”可知,因为他以前总是去海边度假,这次想改变度假的地方。
【答案】 C
6.Howmanydaysdidhestayonthefarm?
A.Afewdays.B.Aweek.
C.Threedays.D.Fourdays.
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据第四段“Fourdayslaterhereturnedhome.”可知。
【答案】 D
7.WhatmadeAlanreturnsosoon?
A.Hefellill.
B.Theairtherewasnotfresh.
C.Thepricesweretoohigh.
D.Hewasafraidthattheywouldhavethedeadmanfordinner.
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据他的描述可知在他度假的地方什么东西死了就吃什么,而第四天那个农场主死了,他很害怕吃那个农场主,所以就回来了。
由此可知选D。
【答案】 D
C
Mr.BeanisaninternationallyrecognizedcomedycharacteronTVandinfilms.Heconstantlygetsintoawkwardandabsurdsituations,whichgreatlyamusesaudiencesregardlessoftheirnationalitiesorculture.Thehumourisalwaysmadeclearthroughaseriesofsimpleandfunnyactsthatrelypurelyonbodylanguage,whichisuniversal.
OneofmyfavouriteshowsisthatMr.Beanhasamealinafancyrestaurant.Afterbeingseatedathistable,Mr.Beantakesoutacard,writesafewwordsonit,seals(密封)itinanenvelopeandplacesitonthetable.Afteramoment,helooksbackattheenvelopebutthistimehelookssurprised,asifhedidnotknowitwasthere.Heopensittofindabirthdaycardanddelightedlyputsitonthetableforeveryonetosee.
Whenhelooksatthemenu,anastonishedlookswiftlyappearsonhisface.Hetakesallthemoneyoutofhiswallet,countsitandputsitinasaucer(茶托).Hethenlooksfromthemenutothemoneywithconcernuntilhefindsonethingthatmakeshimsmile.Thenheordersadishcalled“steaktartare”.Whenthedisharrives,heisshockedtodiscoverthat“steaktartare”isactuallyrawhamburger.Hemakesanattempttoeatit,butitisclearfromthelookonhisfacethathefindsthetastetrulydisgusting.Hecannothidehisfeelings,exceptwhenthewaiterasksifeverythingisallright.Whenthishappens,hesmilesandnods,indicatingthateverythingisfine.Whenthewaiterisnotlooking,however,hebusieshimselfhidingtherawmeatanywherehecanreach-thesugarbowl,thetinyflowervase,insideabun(小圆面包)andunderaplate.Hebecomessodesperateintheendthatheevenhidessomeinsidethepurseofawomansittingnearhimandthrowssomedownthetrousersoftherestaurant'sviolinist!
IliketowatchMr.BeanonTV,butIwouldn'tliketomeetsomeonelikehiminreallifeandIcertainlywouldn'tliketohavedinnerwithhim!
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了著名的幽默大师憨豆先生。
8.FromthepassageweknowMr.Beanis________.
A.famousfordirectingfilms
B.famousforhisspokenEnglish
C.wellknownformakingfilms
D.knownforhisbodylanguageandamusementinhiscomedies
【解析】 细节理解题。
从第一段可以看出,憨豆先生以其喜剧里的身势语和搞笑出名,他不是制片人,也不是导演。
【答案】 D
9.WhyisMr.Beanfamousallovertheworld?
A.Heofteneatsinspecialrestaurants.
B.Heentertainstheaudiencefromdifferentcountries.
C.HeonlyactsonTV.
D.Heactsonbodylanguageandspokenlanguage.
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据文章第一段可排除C、D两项;根据文章第二、三段可排除A项,故选B项。
【答案】 B
10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disgusting”inthethirdparagraphmean?
A.Tastingdelicious.B.Smellinggood.
C.Feelingsick.D.Lookingfine.
【解析】 词义猜测题。
根据文章第三段倒数第二句“...hebusieshimselfhidingtherawmeatanywhere...”可看出他点的菜肴是非常糟糕的。
feelsick“感到恶心的”。
【答案】 C
11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?
A.Mr.Bean-aTopHumourActor
B.RawHamburgerTastesDisgusting
C.BeingManneredinaRestaurant
D.HowtoPretendtoLikeSomethingBoring
【解析】 主旨大意题。
本文的主题是说明憨豆先生是一位著名的幽默大师。
【答案】 A
D
Anewresearchhasuncoveredthatcultureisadeterminingfactorwheninterpretingfacialemotions(情感).Thestudyrevealsthatincultureswhereemotionalcontrolisthestandard,suchasJapan,focusisplacedontheeyestointerpretemotions.Whereasincultureswhereemotionisopenlyexpressed,suchastheUnitedStates,thefocusisonthemouthtointerpretemotions.
“Thesefindingsgoagainstthepopulartheorythatthefacialexpressionsofbasicemotionscanbeuniversallyrecognized,”saidUniversityofAlbertaresearcherDr.TakahikoMasuda.“Aperson'scultureplaysaverystrongroleindetermininghowtheywillreademotionsandneedstobeconsideredwheninterpretingfacialexpression.”
Theseculturaldifferencesareevennoticeableincomputeremotions(情感符号),whichareusedtoconveyawriter'semotionsoveremailandtextmessaging.TheJapaneseemotionsforhappinessandsadnessvaryintermsofhowtheeyesaredrawn,while,Americanemotionsvarywiththedirectionofthemouth.IntheUnitedStatestheemotions:
)and:
)showahappyface,whereastheemotions:
(or:
(showasadface.However,Japanesetendtousethesymbol('—')toindicateahappyface,and(;—;)toindicateasadface.
“Wethinkitisquiteinterestingandappropriatethataculturetendstomaskitsemotions.TheJapanesewouldfocusonaperson'seyeswhendeterminingemotion,aseyestendtobequitesubtle(微妙的),”saidMasuda.“IntheUnitedStates,whereopenemotionisquitecommon,itmakessensetofocusonthemouth,whichisthemostexpressivefeatureonaperson