高三英语复习概要写作.docx
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高三英语复习概要写作
概要写作
Step1.分析文章
1(高考样卷)
Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.
Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.
Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?
Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.
阅读短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Step2.
看下面段落是否需要必要支持信息?
1.Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.(2018年云南高考英语试卷真题)
2.Wewillalsohaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.Forexample,ifeveryoneinthefamilygetsupearly,wifewillhaveenoughtimetopreparethebreakfastforthewholefamily.Childrenwillhaveenoughtimetocatchtheschoolbus,andhusbandwillneverforgettochangehisdirtyshirt.Everythingisinorder.Whataharmoniousscene!
However,ifwegetuplate,we'llprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry,makingitinamess.(2012-2013学年广东揭阳一中高二下期第二次阶段考试)
3.Indeed,therelationshipbetweenstudentstressandteacherburnoutisachickenandeggquestion.“Itisunknownwhatcamefirst,elevatedcortisolorteacherburnout.Weconsidertheconnectionbetweenstudentandteacherstressacyclicalproblemintheclassroom.”Oberlinsaidastressfulclassroomclimatecouldbearesultofinadequatesupportforteachers,whichmayimpactteachers’abilitytoeffectivelymanagetheirstudents.Apoorlymanagedclassroomcancontributetostudents’needsnotbeingmetandincreasingstress.Thiscouldbereflectedinelevatedcortisollevelsinstudents.(浙江省2018届高考英语二轮复习写作提升)
Step3.分析下面两篇文章
A
Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease.Sincethe18thcentury,scientiststhoughtcleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebushencourageschildrentobuildupastrongimmunesystem.
B
Thereisdifferenceattitudestodirt.Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskincouldpreventdisease,sotheyrefusetotakeabath.Sincethe18thcentury,peoplehavechangedtheidea.Theyusecleanwaterandwashinghandtopreventdisease.Manyfirst-timeparentsarenowworriedabouttheirchildrentoucheddirtbecausetheythinkthekidsmaysufferfromdisease.Ascientistencourageschildrentoplaydirttobuildupimmunesystemsowedon’thavetoworryaboutit.
Step4.文章主旨句和支持信息转换
1.Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.
词和短语:
nothingfixed:
different,mixed,various,notthesame
attitudes:
opinions,views,ideas
to:
towards
句子:
peoplethink
2.Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.
词和短语:
think:
believe,hold,consider,insist,argue,areconvinced….
blockoutdisease:
prevent/protect/keepaway…fromillness
句子:
主被动句型转化thediseasecanbeblockedoutbythedirtontheskin
3.Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslonglived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.
词和短语:
cleanaway:
washoff,getridof
begoodto:
benefits,bebeneficialto,dogoodto,contributeto,keepushealthy
句子:
Dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighbor
找出问题:
About200yearsago,dirtwasregardedasagoodthingsoweshouldwashdirtoffourbody.
4.Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.
词和短语:
encourages:
believe,support,agree,approve….
buildup:
help,improve,strengthen
MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist:
somescientists
句子:
省略不必要部分
Step5.衔接整合
表层次:
First;Second;What’smore;Inaddition;Apartfromthis;Lastbutnotleast;
表转折:
However,nevertheless,yet,but,regardlessof
表让步:
Although/Though,inspiteof;Despitethefactthat…;
表因果:
Because/As…;Since/Nowthat,…Therefore,thus,…,so…;
表递进:
notonly…,butalso…
表概括:
Inaword;Inshort;Tosumup;
并列:
and,also,too,aswellas,either…or…
Answer:
Peopleholdmixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin.Inthe16thcentury,peopleofsomeEuropeancountriesbelievedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.However,peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearsago.Theyhavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.Nowadays,theattitudesisstilldifferent,somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.
课堂练习:
1.同义替换
influence=impact,effect
disadvantage=weakness
duty=responsibility,obligation
state=situation,circumstance,condition
opinion=viewpoint,standpoint,perspective
information=message,data,figure,statistics
chance=opportunity,alternative
feature=characteristic,trait
advise=suggest,recommend,propose
understand=haveagoodcommandof
encourage=motivate,stimulate,inspire
important=key,crucial,significant,vital
bad=harmful,awful,terrible,poor,ill
good=optimistic,active,positive
2.词性转换
prefer→n.preference
wise→n.wisdom
tend→n.tendency
origin→adj.original
use→n.usage
access→adj.accessible
just→v.justify
emphasis→v.emphasize
simple→v.simplify
realization→v.realize
3.修改下列句子,使之更为简洁
①.Althoughalotofpeoplewerestronglyagainstit,threemorenuclearpowerstationswerebuilt.
Answer:
Anotherthreenuclearpowerstationswerebuiltdespitethestrongoppositions.
②.Besides,onehastoconsiderwhoheisspendingtheholidaywith.
Answer:
Anotherconsiderationisthecompanion.
③.AprivateAmericanorganizationcalledPopulationActionInternational(PAI)hasjustconductedastudyandsaysmorethan335millionpeople,whomostlyliveinpoorareas,donothaveenoughwaterfordailylifeandwork.
Answer:
Accordingtoastudy,morethan335millionpeople,mostlylivinginpoorareas,aresufferingfromwatershortage.
4.段落概括
Sometimesyoucantellifapersonislyingbyobservingwhattheydowiththeirbody.Sometimesapersonwhoislyingwillnotlookyouintheeye.Othertimesthepersonwhoislyingwilltrytolookatyouinastrongwaybecausetheywanttoconvinceyoutheyaretellingthetruth.Ifsomeonedoeseitherofthesethingstheymightbelying.Youcanjudgealyingpersonbyeitherlookingatyoustronglyornotlooking.
Answer:
Youcanjudgealyingpersonbyeitherlookingatyoustronglyornotlooking.
5.概要练习
【2012-2013学年广东揭阳一中高二下期第二次阶段考试】
Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardedasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgotupearly,wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.Nowadays,peoplestillholdthesameview.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.
Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthanatanyothertimeoftheday.
Additionally,ifwegetupearlyanddosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,withoutdoubtwecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Thatiswhymanypeoplegettingupearlydophysicalexerciseyearafteryear.
Wewillalsohaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.Forexample,ifeveryoneinthefamilygetsupearly,wifewillhaveenoughtimetopreparethebreakfastforthewholefamily.Childrenwillhaveenoughtimetocatchtheschoolbus,andhusbandwillneverforgettochangehisdirtyshirt.Everythingisinorder.Whataharmoniousscene!
However,ifwegetuplate,we'llprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry,makingitinamess.
Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabit.Ifyouarealateriser,youmayfinditdifficulttoformthehabitofgettingupearly.Youwillhavetomakeeffortstodoso.If