高级英语词汇.docx

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高级英语词汇.docx

高级英语词汇

Lesson1

preschool/'priːskuːl/n.aschoolforchildrenbetweentheagesofabouttwoandfive幼稚园;幼儿园

例句:

WhileahandfulofU-Sschoolshaveincorporatedtheteachingmethod,Petersonfeltitwasabittoodrasticachangefortheirpublic preschool.

curricula /kə'rɪkjʊlə/n. allthesubjectsthatareincludedinacourseofstudyortaughtinaschool,college,etc.(学校等的)全部课程

词组:

theschoolcurricula学校课程

例句:

Spanishisonthecurricula

exclusively/ɪk'skluːsɪvlɪ/adv.withoutanyothersbeingincludedorinvolved 唯一地;专有地;排外地

例句:

acharitythatreliesalmostexclusivelyonvoluntarycontributions.

strategy/'strætidʒi/n.aplanthatisintendedtoachieveaparticularpurpose策略;计策

词组:

developmentstrategy发展战略controlstrategy控制策略

marketingstrategy行销策略;市场战略businessstrategy经营策略;商业策略;

例句:

It’sallpartofanoverallstrategytogainpromotion.

composition/kɒmpə'zɪʃ(ə)n/n.1thedifferentpartswhichsthismadeof;thewaywhichthedifferentpartsareorganized成分;构成;组合方式

2.apieceofmusicorart;orapoem(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品

rebellion/rɪ'beljən/n.1.refusaltoacceptsomeauthorityorcodeorconvention造反;反叛;叛乱2.organizedoppositiontoauthority;aconflictinwhichonefactiontriestowrestcontrolfromanother反抗;不服从

例句:

BrownsaidGodmeantforhimtobeginthisrebellionbyinvadingVirginiawithamilitaryforcehealreadywasorganizing

straitjacket/'streɪtdʒækɪt/n.anythingimmaterialthatseverelyhindersorconfines紧身衣vt.agarmentsimilartoajacketthatisusedtobindthearmstightlyagainstthebodyasameansofrestrainingaviolentperson约束;限制

authoritarianism/ə,θɔrə'tɛrɪənɪzəm/n.aformofgovernmentinwhichtherulerisanabsolutedictator(notrestrictedbyaconstitutionorlawsoroppositionetc.独裁主义;权力主义

例句:

AsSuharto'spresidentialtermapproachesitsend,Indonesiawaxesandwanesbetweenopennessand authoritarianism

institutionalized/,ɪnstɪ'tjuːʃənəlaɪzd/adj.officiallyplacedinorcommittedtoaspecializedinstitutionorgiventhecharacterofaninstitutionorincorporatedintoastructuredandusuallywell-establishedsystem 使成惯例的;有组织的;遭受收容机构所产生的不良影响的

watchwords/'wɒtʃwɜːd]/n.asloganusedtorallysupportforacauseorasecretwordorphraseknownonlytoarestrictedgroup口号;标语;口令

例句:

Deliveringthesecondreporttotheassemblygovernment,commissionchairmanGeraldHolthamsaidits watchwords were"fairnessandaccountability".

emerge/ɪ'mɜːdʒ/v.comeoutintoview,asfromconcealmentorhappenoroccurasaresultofsomething浮现;摆脱;暴露

例句:

Therearehighhopesthatthepresswillemergefromtheeconomiccrisismoreprofession

ideology/,aɪdɪ'ɒlədʒɪ/v.anorientationthatcharacterizesthethinkingofagroupornation;imaginaryorvisionarytheorization意识形态;思想意识;观念学

词组:

politicalideology政治意识形态

decolonization/diː,kələnaɪ'zeɪʃən/n.theactionofchangingfromcolonialtoindependentstatus非殖民地化,殖民地自治化

例句:

Ourorganizationwasestablishedinthewakeofdecolonization

unrest/ʌn'rest/n.astateofagitationorturbulentchangeordevelopment;afeelingofrestlessagitation不安;动荡的局面;不安的状态

词组:

socialunrest社会动荡;社会不安

例句:

Formorethanfourmonths,newsofthe unrest wasblackedoutintheofficialpress

premature/'premətjʊə/n.bornafteragestationperiodoflessthanthenormaltime早产儿;过早发生的事物adj.uncommonlyearlyorbeforetheexpectedtime早产的;不成熟的;比预期早的

enrollment/ɪn'rəʊlmənt/n.theactofenrollingorthebodyofpeople(suchasstudents)whoregisterorenrollatthesametime登记;入伍

ghetto/'getəʊ/n.apoordenselypopulatedcitydistrictoccupiedbyaminorityethnicgrouplinkedtogetherbyeconomichardshipandsocialrestrictions犹太人区;贫民区

例句:

ThesouthcoastofSpainhasbecomesomethingofatouristghetto.

integration/ɪntɪ'greɪʃ(ə)n/n.theactofcombiningintoanintegralwhole集成;综合

词组:

economicintegration经济一体化systemintegration系统综合

autonomy/ɔː'tɒnəmɪ/n.immunityfromarbitraryexerciseofauthority:

politicalindependence自治,自治权

例句:

MorrellquotedGatesastellingPresidentBarzanitheUnitedStateshasalong-termcommitmenttoKurdish"security,prosperityand autonomy withinaunitedIraq

plow/plaʊ/n. afarmtoolhavingoneormoreheavybladestobreakthesoilandcutafurrowpriortosowing犁;似犁的工具v.dealwithverballyorinsomeformofartisticexpression破浪前进;开路

syllabus/'sɪləbəs/n. anintegratedcourseofacademicstudies教学大纲,摘要;课程表

substantial/səb'stænʃ(ə)l/adj.havingafirmbasisinrealityandbeingthereforeimportant,meaningful,orconsiderable大量的;实质的;内容充实的

词组:

substantialsavings巨额储蓄substantialconnection实质联系;密切关系

prerogative/prɪ'rɒgətɪv/n.arightreservedexclusivelybyaparticularpersonorgroup(especiallyahereditaryorofficialright)特权

Lesson2

Precede:

[ˌpriˈsi:

did]VTohappenbeforesthorcomebeforesth/sbinorder在…之前发生(或出现),先于;走在…前面开始前;前先;在之前的;

Precedence(oversb/sth)n.优先,优先权

Precedentn.实例,范例

precedevt在

precedeeffects先前效应

PrecedeOver优先于

例句:

Agriculturaldevelopmentsimplymustprecedeeconomicdevelopment农业的发展必须在整个经济发展中处于领先地位

Ingenious:

[ɪnˈdʒinjəs]adjVerysuitableforaparticularpurposeandresultingfromclevernewideas灵巧的;精巧的;设计独特的;有天才的,聪明的智谋棋;有独创性的;巧妙的;机灵的

Ingeniouslyadv.有才能地,贤明地

Ingeniousnessn善于创造发明的

例句:

ingeniouswaysofsavingenergy节约能源的巧妙方法

Unanimous(insth)[jʊˈnænəməs]adjincompleteagreement;全体一致的;一致同意的,无异议的

Unanimityn.一致同意,全体一致

Unanimouslyadv.无异议地,全体一致地

例句:

Intheend,thedecisiontoscraptheprojectwasunanimous最后,大家一致决定放弃这一项目.

jim–crow对黑人的蔑称

jim-crow歧视黑人的

JimCrow黑人

JimCrowLaw黑人法;吉姆•克劳法

JimCrowSouth种族歧视的南方

JimCrowsystem黑人种族蔑视制度

例句:

Thiswasaneraoflynchings,JimCrow,andeconomicdepression.那是一个充满私刑、黑人歧视和经济萧条的时代。

enact[ɛnˈækt]vttopassalaw;actout;representorperformasifinaplay制定法律;规定;颁布,颁布;担任…角色

Enactionn.设定,制定

enactplan制订计划enactstatute颁布法令enactlaws制定法律

例句:

ThekingcouldnotenactlawswithoutthesanctionofParliament未经议会批准,国王不能制定法律。

alley[ˈæli]nanarrowstreetwithwallsonbothsides胡同,小巷;小径;球道

blindalley死胡同;没有前途的职业

bowlingalley保龄球馆;球戏场;滚球槽

backalley单打端线和双打端线之间的细长地带

例句:

Thecentreofthecityisfulloftinyintersectingalley-ways市中心到处是纵横交错的小巷道。

imprecation[ˌɪmprɪˈkeʃən]n.诅咒theactofcallingdownacursethatinvokesevil(andusuallyservesasaninsult);

Imprecatoryadj.诅咒的

Iimprecation坚定不移

OurImprecationSuccess我们祈求成功

impetrateimprecateimprecationinvoke祈求

例句:

LetInotimprecationIofpainandsufferingswillstop.让我不祈求我的痛苦会停止

notorious(forsth/fordoingsth/assth)[noʊˈtɔ:

riəs]adjhavinganexceedinglybadreputation;臭名昭著的;臭名远扬的;声名狼藉的;恶名昭著

notorietyn.恶名,丑名;臭名昭著,声名狼藉

notoriouslyadv.恶名昭彰地;声名狼藉地;著名地;众所周知地

NotoriousConduct丑行

例句:

Heisnotoriousformakingunexpected,oftenself-contradictory,comments.他发表的那些出人意料而且经常自相矛盾的评论令他臭名昭著

Compensate(forsth/sbforsth)[ˈkɑ:

mpenseɪt]vtadjustormakeupfor;makeamendsfor;paycompensationfor;补偿,赔偿;报酬;抵消

compensativeadj.偿还的,补充的

compensatorn.补偿者

compensatefor赔偿,补偿

例句:

Hedidnothavethemeanstocompensateher.他没有钱来补偿她

acrobatic[ˌækrəˈbætɪk]adjinvolvingorperformingdifficultactsormovementswiththebody杂技的,杂技般的,杂技演员的

acrobaticallyadv.acrobatic(杂技的)的变形

例句:

Heperformedasensationalacrobaticfeat.他表演了一套惊人的杂技功夫。

payroll[ˈpeɪroʊl]nalistofemployeesandtheirsalaries;thetotalamountofmoneypaidinwages;工资名单;工资总支出,工薪总额

Payrollpayable应付工资;应付职工薪酬;应付关饷

Accruedpayroll应付工资;应付薪工;应付关饷;应计工资

prepaidpayroll预付薪资;预支薪资

payrolltax工资税

例句:

Alltoldtherewere104peopleonthepayroll在职的总共有104人。

predilection(forsth)[ˌpri:

dɪˈlekʃnnastrongliking;偏爱,偏好,嗜好

例句:

Predilectiontowardschildrenisconnivingthem,whichisadversefortheirgrowth回护孩子等于纵容孩子,这样做不利于孩子的成长.

Nightmare(forsb)[ˈnaɪtmer]nasituationresemblingaterrifyingdream噩梦;可怕的事情,无法摆脱的恐惧;泛滥成灾;紧张

nightmarishadj.恶梦似的,不愉快的

worstnightmare梦魇

例句:

Theybegantorecoverslowlyfromtheirnightmareofpainandsuffering.他们开始从痛苦的梦魇中慢慢恢复过来。

sensation[sɛnˈseʃən]nafeelingthatyougetwhensthaffectsyourbody

感觉;直觉;知觉;轰动

sensationaladj.轰动的;耸人听闻的;极好的;绝妙的

sensationalismn.<贬>(指行文或报道)耸人听闻,哗众取宠;煽情主义

sensationalizevt.使引起轰动,以耸人听闻的手法处理

sensationalistn.感觉论者

pleasantsensation快感visualsensation视觉

tactilesensation触觉;质感auditorysensation听觉

例句:

Thepainwassobadthatshelostallsensation太疼了,疼得她都失去了知觉

fury[ˈfjʊri]n.afeelingofintenseanger;stateofviolentmentalagitation

狂怒;[罗神]复仇三女神之一;暴怒;激怒者

soundandfury大吵大闹;喧嚣与愤怒

likefury拼命,猛烈

例句:

Hewasworkinghimselfuptoafury,hisfacereddening.他勃然大怒,脸涨得通红

incongruous[ɪnˈkɑ:

ŋgruəs]adj.lackinginharmonyorcompatibilityorappropriateness;不协调的,不一致的;不和谐的;不相称的;异向

incongruouslyadv.不调和地

incongruityn.不协调;不一致;不适合;不协调的东西

例句:

Shewassmallandfragileandlookedincongruousinanarmyuniform.她又小又弱,穿一身军装看起来很不协调。

formula(forsth/fordoingsth)[ˈfɔ:

rmjələ]n.somethingregardedasanormativeexample;公式,准则;客套话;方案;婴儿食品

empiricalformula经验式;实验式

infantformula婴儿配方;婴儿配方食品

formulaone一级方程式赛车

generalformula通式;一般公式

mathematicalformula数学公式

例句:

Theforeignministershavethrashedoutasuitablecompromiseformula.外交部长们经过反复讨论,已经制订出合适的折中方案。

shatter(intosth)[ˈʃætɚ]vt.breakintomanypieces;使破碎,使碎裂,砸碎;使…成为泡影;使…痛不欲生;使…散开

Shatteringlyadv.破碎地(shatter现在分词的副词形式);令人震惊地

shatterproofadj.防碎的

thaw(out/insth)[θɔ]

v.becomeorcausetobecomesoftorliquid;使融化

n.arelaxationorslackeningoftensionsorreserve;becominglesshostile;放松

tothaw融化;解冻thawout融化,解冻

例句:

Afailurewouldshatterthehopesofmanypeople.一次失败会使很多人希望破灭。

odd[ɑ:

d]adj.extraordinary,temporary古怪的;奇数的;剩余的;临时的

oddishadj.有点怪的

oddlyadv.奇怪地,古怪地;奇妙地;额外地,附加地;零碎地,单数地

oddnessn.奇怪,奇妙

oddnumber奇数oddcouple出人意料互不相配的一对

atodd争执;奇数oddoneo

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