高级英语词汇.docx
《高级英语词汇.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高级英语词汇.docx(151页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![高级英语词汇.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2023-4/2/1e346be2-bcd8-4c75-bd9e-a5f67d274474/1e346be2-bcd8-4c75-bd9e-a5f67d2744741.gif)
高级英语词汇
Lesson1
preschool/'priːskuːl/n.aschoolforchildrenbetweentheagesofabouttwoandfive幼稚园;幼儿园
例句:
WhileahandfulofU-Sschoolshaveincorporatedtheteachingmethod,Petersonfeltitwasabittoodrasticachangefortheirpublic preschool.
curricula /kə'rɪkjʊlə/n. allthesubjectsthatareincludedinacourseofstudyortaughtinaschool,college,etc.(学校等的)全部课程
词组:
theschoolcurricula学校课程
例句:
Spanishisonthecurricula
exclusively/ɪk'skluːsɪvlɪ/adv.withoutanyothersbeingincludedorinvolved 唯一地;专有地;排外地
例句:
acharitythatreliesalmostexclusivelyonvoluntarycontributions.
strategy/'strætidʒi/n.aplanthatisintendedtoachieveaparticularpurpose策略;计策
词组:
developmentstrategy发展战略controlstrategy控制策略
marketingstrategy行销策略;市场战略businessstrategy经营策略;商业策略;
例句:
It’sallpartofanoverallstrategytogainpromotion.
composition/kɒmpə'zɪʃ(ə)n/n.1thedifferentpartswhichsthismadeof;thewaywhichthedifferentpartsareorganized成分;构成;组合方式
2.apieceofmusicorart;orapoem(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品
rebellion/rɪ'beljən/n.1.refusaltoacceptsomeauthorityorcodeorconvention造反;反叛;叛乱2.organizedoppositiontoauthority;aconflictinwhichonefactiontriestowrestcontrolfromanother反抗;不服从
例句:
BrownsaidGodmeantforhimtobeginthisrebellionbyinvadingVirginiawithamilitaryforcehealreadywasorganizing
straitjacket/'streɪtdʒækɪt/n.anythingimmaterialthatseverelyhindersorconfines紧身衣vt.agarmentsimilartoajacketthatisusedtobindthearmstightlyagainstthebodyasameansofrestrainingaviolentperson约束;限制
authoritarianism/ə,θɔrə'tɛrɪənɪzəm/n.aformofgovernmentinwhichtherulerisanabsolutedictator(notrestrictedbyaconstitutionorlawsoroppositionetc.独裁主义;权力主义
例句:
AsSuharto'spresidentialtermapproachesitsend,Indonesiawaxesandwanesbetweenopennessand authoritarianism
institutionalized/,ɪnstɪ'tjuːʃənəlaɪzd/adj.officiallyplacedinorcommittedtoaspecializedinstitutionorgiventhecharacterofaninstitutionorincorporatedintoastructuredandusuallywell-establishedsystem 使成惯例的;有组织的;遭受收容机构所产生的不良影响的
watchwords/'wɒtʃwɜːd]/n.asloganusedtorallysupportforacauseorasecretwordorphraseknownonlytoarestrictedgroup口号;标语;口令
例句:
Deliveringthesecondreporttotheassemblygovernment,commissionchairmanGeraldHolthamsaidits watchwords were"fairnessandaccountability".
emerge/ɪ'mɜːdʒ/v.comeoutintoview,asfromconcealmentorhappenoroccurasaresultofsomething浮现;摆脱;暴露
例句:
Therearehighhopesthatthepresswillemergefromtheeconomiccrisismoreprofession
ideology/,aɪdɪ'ɒlədʒɪ/v.anorientationthatcharacterizesthethinkingofagroupornation;imaginaryorvisionarytheorization意识形态;思想意识;观念学
词组:
politicalideology政治意识形态
decolonization/diː,kələnaɪ'zeɪʃən/n.theactionofchangingfromcolonialtoindependentstatus非殖民地化,殖民地自治化
例句:
Ourorganizationwasestablishedinthewakeofdecolonization
unrest/ʌn'rest/n.astateofagitationorturbulentchangeordevelopment;afeelingofrestlessagitation不安;动荡的局面;不安的状态
词组:
socialunrest社会动荡;社会不安
例句:
Formorethanfourmonths,newsofthe unrest wasblackedoutintheofficialpress
premature/'premətjʊə/n.bornafteragestationperiodoflessthanthenormaltime早产儿;过早发生的事物adj.uncommonlyearlyorbeforetheexpectedtime早产的;不成熟的;比预期早的
enrollment/ɪn'rəʊlmənt/n.theactofenrollingorthebodyofpeople(suchasstudents)whoregisterorenrollatthesametime登记;入伍
ghetto/'getəʊ/n.apoordenselypopulatedcitydistrictoccupiedbyaminorityethnicgrouplinkedtogetherbyeconomichardshipandsocialrestrictions犹太人区;贫民区
例句:
ThesouthcoastofSpainhasbecomesomethingofatouristghetto.
integration/ɪntɪ'greɪʃ(ə)n/n.theactofcombiningintoanintegralwhole集成;综合
词组:
economicintegration经济一体化systemintegration系统综合
autonomy/ɔː'tɒnəmɪ/n.immunityfromarbitraryexerciseofauthority:
politicalindependence自治,自治权
例句:
MorrellquotedGatesastellingPresidentBarzanitheUnitedStateshasalong-termcommitmenttoKurdish"security,prosperityand autonomy withinaunitedIraq
plow/plaʊ/n. afarmtoolhavingoneormoreheavybladestobreakthesoilandcutafurrowpriortosowing犁;似犁的工具v.dealwithverballyorinsomeformofartisticexpression破浪前进;开路
syllabus/'sɪləbəs/n. anintegratedcourseofacademicstudies教学大纲,摘要;课程表
substantial/səb'stænʃ(ə)l/adj.havingafirmbasisinrealityandbeingthereforeimportant,meaningful,orconsiderable大量的;实质的;内容充实的
词组:
substantialsavings巨额储蓄substantialconnection实质联系;密切关系
prerogative/prɪ'rɒgətɪv/n.arightreservedexclusivelybyaparticularpersonorgroup(especiallyahereditaryorofficialright)特权
Lesson2
Precede:
[ˌpriˈsi:
did]VTohappenbeforesthorcomebeforesth/sbinorder在…之前发生(或出现),先于;走在…前面开始前;前先;在之前的;
Precedence(oversb/sth)n.优先,优先权
Precedentn.实例,范例
precedevt在
precedeeffects先前效应
PrecedeOver优先于
例句:
Agriculturaldevelopmentsimplymustprecedeeconomicdevelopment农业的发展必须在整个经济发展中处于领先地位
Ingenious:
[ɪnˈdʒinjəs]adjVerysuitableforaparticularpurposeandresultingfromclevernewideas灵巧的;精巧的;设计独特的;有天才的,聪明的智谋棋;有独创性的;巧妙的;机灵的
Ingeniouslyadv.有才能地,贤明地
Ingeniousnessn善于创造发明的
例句:
ingeniouswaysofsavingenergy节约能源的巧妙方法
Unanimous(insth)[jʊˈnænəməs]adjincompleteagreement;全体一致的;一致同意的,无异议的
Unanimityn.一致同意,全体一致
Unanimouslyadv.无异议地,全体一致地
例句:
Intheend,thedecisiontoscraptheprojectwasunanimous最后,大家一致决定放弃这一项目.
jim–crow对黑人的蔑称
jim-crow歧视黑人的
JimCrow黑人
JimCrowLaw黑人法;吉姆•克劳法
JimCrowSouth种族歧视的南方
JimCrowsystem黑人种族蔑视制度
例句:
Thiswasaneraoflynchings,JimCrow,andeconomicdepression.那是一个充满私刑、黑人歧视和经济萧条的时代。
enact[ɛnˈækt]vttopassalaw;actout;representorperformasifinaplay制定法律;规定;颁布,颁布;担任…角色
Enactionn.设定,制定
enactplan制订计划enactstatute颁布法令enactlaws制定法律
例句:
ThekingcouldnotenactlawswithoutthesanctionofParliament未经议会批准,国王不能制定法律。
alley[ˈæli]nanarrowstreetwithwallsonbothsides胡同,小巷;小径;球道
blindalley死胡同;没有前途的职业
bowlingalley保龄球馆;球戏场;滚球槽
backalley单打端线和双打端线之间的细长地带
例句:
Thecentreofthecityisfulloftinyintersectingalley-ways市中心到处是纵横交错的小巷道。
imprecation[ˌɪmprɪˈkeʃən]n.诅咒theactofcallingdownacursethatinvokesevil(andusuallyservesasaninsult);
Imprecatoryadj.诅咒的
Iimprecation坚定不移
OurImprecationSuccess我们祈求成功
impetrateimprecateimprecationinvoke祈求
例句:
LetInotimprecationIofpainandsufferingswillstop.让我不祈求我的痛苦会停止
notorious(forsth/fordoingsth/assth)[noʊˈtɔ:
riəs]adjhavinganexceedinglybadreputation;臭名昭著的;臭名远扬的;声名狼藉的;恶名昭著
notorietyn.恶名,丑名;臭名昭著,声名狼藉
notoriouslyadv.恶名昭彰地;声名狼藉地;著名地;众所周知地
NotoriousConduct丑行
例句:
Heisnotoriousformakingunexpected,oftenself-contradictory,comments.他发表的那些出人意料而且经常自相矛盾的评论令他臭名昭著
Compensate(forsth/sbforsth)[ˈkɑ:
mpenseɪt]vtadjustormakeupfor;makeamendsfor;paycompensationfor;补偿,赔偿;报酬;抵消
compensativeadj.偿还的,补充的
compensatorn.补偿者
compensatefor赔偿,补偿
例句:
Hedidnothavethemeanstocompensateher.他没有钱来补偿她
acrobatic[ˌækrəˈbætɪk]adjinvolvingorperformingdifficultactsormovementswiththebody杂技的,杂技般的,杂技演员的
acrobaticallyadv.acrobatic(杂技的)的变形
例句:
Heperformedasensationalacrobaticfeat.他表演了一套惊人的杂技功夫。
payroll[ˈpeɪroʊl]nalistofemployeesandtheirsalaries;thetotalamountofmoneypaidinwages;工资名单;工资总支出,工薪总额
Payrollpayable应付工资;应付职工薪酬;应付关饷
Accruedpayroll应付工资;应付薪工;应付关饷;应计工资
prepaidpayroll预付薪资;预支薪资
payrolltax工资税
例句:
Alltoldtherewere104peopleonthepayroll在职的总共有104人。
predilection(forsth)[ˌpri:
dɪˈlekʃnnastrongliking;偏爱,偏好,嗜好
例句:
Predilectiontowardschildrenisconnivingthem,whichisadversefortheirgrowth回护孩子等于纵容孩子,这样做不利于孩子的成长.
Nightmare(forsb)[ˈnaɪtmer]nasituationresemblingaterrifyingdream噩梦;可怕的事情,无法摆脱的恐惧;泛滥成灾;紧张
nightmarishadj.恶梦似的,不愉快的
worstnightmare梦魇
例句:
Theybegantorecoverslowlyfromtheirnightmareofpainandsuffering.他们开始从痛苦的梦魇中慢慢恢复过来。
sensation[sɛnˈseʃən]nafeelingthatyougetwhensthaffectsyourbody
感觉;直觉;知觉;轰动
sensationaladj.轰动的;耸人听闻的;极好的;绝妙的
sensationalismn.<贬>(指行文或报道)耸人听闻,哗众取宠;煽情主义
sensationalizevt.使引起轰动,以耸人听闻的手法处理
sensationalistn.感觉论者
pleasantsensation快感visualsensation视觉
tactilesensation触觉;质感auditorysensation听觉
例句:
Thepainwassobadthatshelostallsensation太疼了,疼得她都失去了知觉
fury[ˈfjʊri]n.afeelingofintenseanger;stateofviolentmentalagitation
狂怒;[罗神]复仇三女神之一;暴怒;激怒者
soundandfury大吵大闹;喧嚣与愤怒
likefury拼命,猛烈
例句:
Hewasworkinghimselfuptoafury,hisfacereddening.他勃然大怒,脸涨得通红
incongruous[ɪnˈkɑ:
ŋgruəs]adj.lackinginharmonyorcompatibilityorappropriateness;不协调的,不一致的;不和谐的;不相称的;异向
incongruouslyadv.不调和地
incongruityn.不协调;不一致;不适合;不协调的东西
例句:
Shewassmallandfragileandlookedincongruousinanarmyuniform.她又小又弱,穿一身军装看起来很不协调。
formula(forsth/fordoingsth)[ˈfɔ:
rmjələ]n.somethingregardedasanormativeexample;公式,准则;客套话;方案;婴儿食品
empiricalformula经验式;实验式
infantformula婴儿配方;婴儿配方食品
formulaone一级方程式赛车
generalformula通式;一般公式
mathematicalformula数学公式
例句:
Theforeignministershavethrashedoutasuitablecompromiseformula.外交部长们经过反复讨论,已经制订出合适的折中方案。
shatter(intosth)[ˈʃætɚ]vt.breakintomanypieces;使破碎,使碎裂,砸碎;使…成为泡影;使…痛不欲生;使…散开
Shatteringlyadv.破碎地(shatter现在分词的副词形式);令人震惊地
shatterproofadj.防碎的
thaw(out/insth)[θɔ]
v.becomeorcausetobecomesoftorliquid;使融化
n.arelaxationorslackeningoftensionsorreserve;becominglesshostile;放松
tothaw融化;解冻thawout融化,解冻
例句:
Afailurewouldshatterthehopesofmanypeople.一次失败会使很多人希望破灭。
odd[ɑ:
d]adj.extraordinary,temporary古怪的;奇数的;剩余的;临时的
oddishadj.有点怪的
oddlyadv.奇怪地,古怪地;奇妙地;额外地,附加地;零碎地,单数地
oddnessn.奇怪,奇妙
oddnumber奇数oddcouple出人意料互不相配的一对
atodd争执;奇数oddoneo