综合英语2Unit 11 课件.docx

综合英语2Unit 11 课件.docx

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综合英语2Unit11课件

UNIT11

HowtobeTrue

toYourself

KeyStructures

•Imperativesentences

•Tagquestions

•Auxiliaryverbsindicatingthedegreeofpoliteness

•Wh-clausesassubjectcomplements

KeyPhrases

sellout,athand,inshortsupply,demandof,consistof,standfor,inthefaceof,accountfor,backdown,acompanyof,engagein

VOCABULARY

demonstratev.

（1）toshoworprovethatsomethingexistsoristrue:

E.G.[+that]Thesurveyclearlydemonstratesthattourismcanhavepositivebenefits.

Theseproblemsdemonstratetheimportanceofplanning.

（2）[T]toshowsomeonehowtodosomething,orhowsomethingworks:

e.g.Shedemonstratedhowtousethenewsoftware.

demonstrationn.

integrity

N.[U]honestyandtheabilitytodoorknowwhatismorallyright正直;廉正;诚实

e.g.:

awomanofgreatintegrity

Theintegrityofthejudgeisunquestioned.这位法官的正直是毫无疑问的。

•【书】wholeness完整,完全

e.g.Ourintegrityasanationisthreatened.我们国家的完整性受到了威胁。

•integraladj.形容词adj.

•

•1.构成整体所必需的;不可或缺的

•

•That'sanintegralpartofthecountry.

•

•那是构成国家所必需的一部分。

•

•Sheisourbestplayer,andisintegraltoourteam.

•

•她是我们最好的球员,我们队离不开她。

•

•2.作为组成部份的

•

•3.完整的；完备的

morality

1 n.[U]ideasandbeliefsaboutwhatisrightorwrongandhowpeopleshouldbehave道德,伦理;品行

e.g.:

Heisamanofstrictmorality.他是个品行极其端正的人。

sexualmorality

public/private/personalmorality

feudal[’fju:

dl]morality封建道德观

conventional/traditionalmorality

Someleadershaveblamedtelevisionforthedeclineinstandardsofmorality.

2.thedegreetowhichsomethingisrightoracceptable道德规范[P]

moralityof

adiscussiononthemoralityofabortion

thefundamentalmoralitiesoflife基本的生活规范

Moraladj.

ethic

•1[countable]ageneralideaorbeliefthatinfluencespeople'sbehaviourandattitudes

e.g.:

Theoldethicofhardworkhasgivenwaytoanewethicofinstantgratification.

ￚseealsoworkethic职业伦理

•2ethics[plural]moralrulesorprinciplesofbehaviourfordecidingwhatisrightandwrong；道德学；伦理学著作

e.g.:

areportontheethicsofgenetherapy（疗法）

professional/business/medicalethics（=themoralrulesrelatingtoaparticularprofession）

publicconcernaboutmedicalethics

Televisednewsisbasedonacodeofethics.

ethicala.=moral

sellout（1.+of+sth畅销；2出卖）

•[intransitivephrasalverb]ifashop,ticketofficeetcsellsoutofgoodsortickets,orifgoodsorticketssellout,allofthemaresoldsotherearenomoreavailable[注意不及物，无被动语态]

e.g.:

Iwenttothestoretogetsomebreadbuttheyhadsoldout.

Sundaynewspapersoftenselloutby10o'clock.

•selloutof

e.g.:

Theyopenedat8o'clock,andby8.30theyhadsoldoutofticketsforthebiggame.

•besoldout（=whenalltheticketsforaperformanceorsportseventhavebeensold）

e.g.:

Wecouldn'tgetticketsanywhere-theshowwascompletelysoldout.

Frenchfarmersfeelthey'vebeensoldoutbytheirgovernmentinthenegotiations.

expedience

• n.[U]（ALSOexpediency）whensomethingishelpfulorusefulinaparticularsituation,butsometimesnotmorallyacceptable适宜;方便;合算;利己,权宜之计:

e.g.:

Asamatterofexpedience,wewillnotbetakingonanynewstaffthisyear.

Ithinkthisgovernmentoperatesonthebasisofexpediency,notofprinciple.

expedient adj.【FORMAL】helpfulorusefulinaparticularsituation,butsometimesnotmorallyacceptable:

e.g.:

Itmightbeexpedientnottopayhimuntiltheworkisfinished.

Themanagementhastakenaseriesofexpedientmeasurestoimprovethecompany'sfinancialsituation.

（near/close+）athand:

•【空】

（1）ifabuildingorpersoniscloseathand,theyareverynearandthereforeavailableincaseyouneedthem

e.g.:

TheExhibitionCentreisagreatdayout,withplentyofparkingandalltheattractionsofManchestercloseathand.

I'mverygladthat,whenmychildrenweresmall,mymotherwasalwayscloseathand.

•【时】

（2）Soonintime;imminent迫在眉睫；即将发生：

e.g.:

Retributionisathand.惩罚就要到来.

demand【硬】

•toaskforsomethingveryfirmly,especiallybecauseyouthinkyouhavearighttodothis:

e.g.:

IcaughtAlicegoingthroughmylettersanddemandedanimmediateexplanation.

•【demandtoknow/see/haveetcsomething】

e.g.:

Liftingthephonefromthedesk,hedemandedtoknowwhatwasgoingon.

Onceinawhileshesentfoodbacktothekitchenanddemandedtoseethecook.

•【demandthat】

E.G.:

Fortheirpart,oppositionleadersdemandedthatMrFujimoristepdownimmediatelyinfavourofatransition（过渡）government.

•【demandsthofsb】

E.G.:

Itseemedthatnomatterwhatshedid,morewasdemandedofher.

'Whereareyougoing?

'shedemandedangrily.

•【ifonethingdemandsanother,itneedsthatthinginordertohappenorbedonesuccessfully需要、要求】

E.G.:

Toomanythingsdemandedhisattentionatthesametime.It¡®sadesperatesituationdemandingadesperateremedy（治疗法，补救措施）.

standfor（代表;为¡奋斗，维护；（口）容忍容许）

•ifaletterorsymbolstandsforsomething,itrepresentsawordoridea,especiallyasashortform

e.g.:

WhatdoesATM（automatedtellermachine）standfor?

•tosupportaparticularsetofideas,values,orprinciples

e.g.:

It'shardtotellwhatthepartystandsforthesedays.

【[notstandforsomething】

（BritishEnglish）tonotallowsomethingtocontinuetohappenorsomeonetodosomething

e.g.:

She¡¯sbeenlyingaboutme,andIwon'tstandforit.

conviction

• n.[CorU]astrongopinionorbelief:

信念

e.g.:

religious/moralconvictions

adeep/strong/lifelongconviction

[+that]It'smypersonalconvictionthatallrapistsshouldbelockedawayforlife.

inthefaceof（不顾（问题、困难等）；由于、因为）

•inthefaceofsth:

1.despitehavingtodealwithadifficultsituationorproblem:

e.g.:

Shelefthomeinthefaceofstrongoppositionfromherparents.

Weshouldstandfirmlyforourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure.

2.Asaresultofsth.

Hewasunabletodenythechargeinthefaceofnewevidence.

accountfor

accountforsth:

•1）toexplainthereasonforsomethingorthecauseofsomething:

e.g.:

CanyouaccountforyourabsencelastFriday?

Hehastoaccounttohismanagerfor（=tellhismanageraboutandexplain）allhismovements.

[giveanaccountofsth.]

2）占（数量上，比例上）eg:

theJapanesemarket~sfor35%ofthecompany’srevenue（收入）

Accountsthforsb/sth

1）尤指在事故之后，了解，查明

AUpassengershavenowbeen~dfor.

2）（imfml）打败，破坏，消灭

Eg:

ouranti-aircrafthavenow~ed~fiveenemybombers

Accountforsth（tosb）说明钱财的处置情况，报账

Wehabeto~~everypennywespendonbusinesstrips.

Back（v.）down（退步）

•（phrasalverb）toadmitthatyouwerewrongorthatyouhavebeendefeated:

e.g.:

Eventually,Robertobackeddownandapologized.

Localresidentshaveforcedthelocalcounciltobackdownfrom/onitsplanstobuildanightclubintheirstreet.

【重点】credit （荣誉；信用；学分）

•n.[U]1praise,approvalorhonour:

e.g.:

Shegotnocreditforsolvingtheproblem.处理了这个问题，她却并没有得到任何荣誉嘉赏。

Herbosstookcreditforit/took（all）thecreditinstead.

•2beacredittosb/sth:

todosomethingthatmakesaperson,groupororganizationfeelproudorreceivepraise:

e.g.:

Sheisacredittoherfamily.

Weshouldalwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.

rightful（合法的，理应享有的）

• adj.Arightfulpositionorclaimisonewhichismorallyorlegallycorrect:

e.g.:

Don'tforgetthatIamtherightfulownerofthishouse.

rightfully adv.

e.g.:

Thefurniturerightfullybelongstoyou.

appoint（任命，派遣；雇佣）

•v.[T]tochoosesomeoneofficiallyforajoborresponsibility:

e.g.:

He'sjustbeenappointed（as）directorofthepublishingdivision.

[+toinfinitive]Acommissionhasjustbeenappointedtoinvestigatefraudclaims.

appointed  adj.

e.g.:

I'dliketointroduceournewlyappointedmembersofstaff.

appointment  noun[CorU]

•e.g.:

WewouldliketoannouncetheappointmentofJuliaLewisasheadofsales.

Ourdepartmentexpectstomakefivenewappointments[1.约会,约定,预约

•

•2.任命,委派

•

•3.职务；职位]（=appointfivenewpeople）thisyearalone.

nest

1）n.（鸟窝；巢穴；藏匿处；家，安乐窝；一套物件）

e.g.:

I'dlikeanestoftables（套桌）forthelivingroom.

2）v．（tomakeanduseanest）筑巢

nesting  adj.

n[C]asetofthingsthataresimilarbutdifferentinsizeandhavebeendesignedtofitinsideeachother:

IboughtasetofnestingdollsinMoscow.

core

•n.[SorU]1thebasicandmostimportantpartofsomething:

e.g.:

Thebasiclackofgovernmentfundingisatthecoreoftheproblem.

Concernforenvironmentisatthecoreofourpolices.

•2corevalue/belief/issue,etc.avalue,belief,etc.whichisbasicandmoreimportantthananyother:

e.g.:

Thenegotiationswouldfocusonthecoreissuesofthepeaceprocess.

•3corebusiness/operations/activitiesthemostimportantorlargestpartofacompany'sbusinessactivities,whichitdependsoninordertocontinuetrading:

e.g.:

Thecompany'scoreoperationsincludeentertainmentandaviation.

•4corecurriculum/subjects/coursesthemostimportantpartsofacourseofstudy,thatallstudentsmustdo

•5（参加某项活动的）一小群人

e.g.hegatheredasmallcoreofadvisersaroundhim.

[Tothecore]sothatthewholeofathingorapersonisaffected=直至核心，十足，透顶

E.g.shewasshakentothecorebythenews./heisapoliticiantothecore.（十足的政客）

preserve

•verb[T]1tokeepsomethingasitis,especiallyinordertopreventitfromdecayingorbeingdamagedordestroyed;toconserve:

保护，维护；保养

e.g.:

topreservetheenvironment

Wewanttopreservethecharacterofthetownwhileimprovingthefacilities.

Theagreementpreservedourrighttolimittradeinendangeredspecies.

2totreatfoodinaparticularwaysothatitcanbekeptforalongtimewithoutgoingbad:

保鲜

preservedfruit

orangespreservedinbrandy（白兰地）

【~sth/sbfromsth】保护/