Geography of the United States.docx

Geography of the United States.docx

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GeographyoftheUnitedStates

GeographyoftheUnitedStates

Maintopics

1.TheLocation:

WhereistheUnitedStates:

2.USPopulation

3.USLandArea

4.USCapitalCity

5.Symbols:

Somethingremindingyouofthecountry

6.GeographicFeaturesoftheUnitedStates

7.Climate

8.Environment

9.NaturalResources

1.WhereistheUnitedStates

•Differentnames:

•TheUnitedStatesofAmerica,usuallyreferredtoastheUnitedStates,theUSA,theU.S.orAmerica,isaconstitutional federalrepubliccomprisingfiftystatesandafederaldistrict.

•Locationandmemberstates:

•ThecountryissituatedmostlyincentralNorthAmerica,whereitsforty-eightcontiguousstatesandWashington,D.C.liebetweenthePacificandAtlanticOceans,borderedbyCanadatothenorthandMexicotothesouth.

•ThestateofAlaskaisinthenorthwestofthecontinent,withCanadatoitseastandRussiatothewestacrosstheBeringStrait,

•andthestateofHawaiiisanarchipelagointhemid-Pacific.

•Thecountryalsopossessesseveraloverseasterritories,orinsularareas,scatteredaroundtheCaribbeanandPacific.

MapoftheUnitedStates

USOverseasTerritories

1.incorporatedunorganizedterritory:

anarea

underUSjurisdiction

theUSConstitutionistobeappliedtotheterritory

consideredanintegralpartoftheUS

PalmyraAtoll

2.unincorporatedorganizedterritory:

anarea

underU.S.jurisdiction

onlyselectpartsoftheU.S.Constitutionapply

essentiallycolonies

USVirginIslands,Guam

3.commonwealthstatus

•PuertoRico,NorthernMarianaIslands

4.unincorporatedunorganizedterritory

•AmericanSamoa,anduninhabitedBakerIsland,HowlandIsland,JarvisIsland,JohnstonAtoll,KingmanReef,BajoNuevoBank,SerranillaBank,MidwayIslands,NavassaIsland,WakeAtoll.

•8

2.USPopulation

1PRChina1,324,630,000June28,200819.86%

2India1,134,682,000June28,200817.01%

3USA304,455,000June28,20084.56%

4Indonesia231,627,0003.47%

5Brazil187,108,615June23,20082.8%

6Pakistan163,664,000June28,20082.45%

7Bangladesh158,665,0002.38%

8Nigeria148,093,0002.22%

9Russia141,912,800May1,20082.13%

10Japan127,690,000May1,20081.91%

•Mexico106,682,500mid-20081.6%

PitcairnIslands500.000001%

3.USLandArea

RankCountry（km²）%ofTotal

1Russia17,098,24211.5%Largestcountryintheworld

2Canada9,984,6706.7%LargestcountryintheWesternHemisphere.Longestcoastline.

3.China9,640,82126.5%Largestall-Asiancountry,secondlargestAsiancountry

4UnitedStates9,629,0916.5%Second-largestcountryinWesternHemisphere

5Brazil8,514,8775.7%largestcountryinSouthernAmerica

6Australia7,692,0245.2%LargestcountryinOceania.LargestcountryintheSouthernHemisphere

7India3,287,2632.3%Third-largestcountryinAsia

8Argentina2,780,4002%

9Kazakhstan2,724,9001.8%Largestlandlockedcountry

10Sudan2,505,8131.7%LargestcountryinAfrica

VaticanCity0.44<0.01%Smallestcountryintheworld

4.TheCapital:

Washington

WhiteHouse

Congress

USDepartmentofJustice

Fordetails,pleasevisit:

Http:

//

5.SymbolsoftheUnitedStates

Somethingthatmayremindyouofthecountry

5-1NationalFlag

5-2GreatSeals

5-3Motto

5-4NationalAnthem

5-5NationalFlower

5-6NationalTree

5-7UncleSam:

Anickname

5-8StatuesofLiberty

5-9Othersymbols

5-1Symbols:

USNationalFlag

•horizontalstripesofredalternatingwithwhite

•abluerectanglebearing50small,white,five-pointedstarsarrangedinnineoffsethorizontalrowsofsixstarsalternatingwithrowsoffivestars.

•the50U.S.states

•theThirteenColonies

Nicknames:

thestarsandstripes,OldGlory,theAmericanflag,andthestar-spangledbanner

UnionJack

•UnionJack.onceusedasstatejack;usedasstateandnavaljack,1960–2002.

5-2USGreatSeal_obverse

EPluribusUnum

[OutofMany,One]

TraditionalmottoofAmerica

alwaysreadyforwar

astrongdesireforpeace

apreferenceforpeace

apreferenceforpeace

Number13:

13originalstates

　当中的秃鹰是美国国鸟，它的正式名称是“白头海雕”，产于美国拉斯维加斯州及加拿大的一种巨鹰，外貌美丽，性格凶猛。

秃鹰的右爪握着橄榄枝，橄榄枝上有13片叶子，代表和平；左爪握着13支利箭，代表战争。

橄榄枝代表和平，典故来自《圣经》诺亚方舟的故事，而13支利箭来自伊索寓言中的“棍子捆在一起力量大”的涵义。

橄榄枝和利箭的意思就是和平是永远所要追求的，而团结也是必需的，是力量的保证。

秃鹰的嘴里含着一条飘带，飘带上是13个拉丁文大写字母“EPLURIBUSUNUM”，翻译成英语是“Outofmany，one”，中文意思是“合众为一”，符合美国是不同肤色、不同民族大融合的特点。

　　秃鹰胸前是盾形纹章，代表自我防御和自我依靠。

纹章上部是蓝色横纹，共13条横纹，代表1777年加入美国联邦的13个州。

纹章下部是红白相间的竖纹，白七红六，象征美国国旗。

秃鹰的上方是圆形的蓝色天空图案，当中有13颗星星，也是代表当年加入联邦的13个州，图案四周有金色光芒，还有朵朵白云。

这些图案的意思是“RaysfromaPillarofFireintheCloud,ExpressiveoftheDivinePresenceandCommand”，翻译为“光从云火出，圣谕神相助。

Baldeagle:

Nationalbird

5-2USGreatSeal_reverse

AnnuitCœptis:

approvedofundertakings.

theEyeofProvidence

NovusOrdoSeclorum:

Neworderofages

Unfinishedpyramid:

13layers

金字塔尖上的眼睛，取意自《圣经》创世纪中上帝的话，与上帝同在，上帝保佑着美国。

眼睛上部，按弧形排列的是两个拉丁文单词“ANNUITCOEPTIS”，共13个字母，译成英语是“Providencehadfavoredoutundertakings”，中文是“天佑国事”。

金字塔的象征意义是力量与永恒，底层有大写字母“MDCCLXXVI”，表示建国年代是1776年。

在金字塔下方有一条彩带，呈半圆形摆放与印章的圆同心，彩带上有大写的拉丁字母“NOVUSORDOSECLORUM”，译成英语是“Aneworderoftheages”，中文为“旷世新政”。

这个金字塔只修建到13层，表示美国的缔造者为美国立国、建国打好了基础，但仍旧需要一代代的人继续努力，去完成建设美国这项宏伟的事业。

“Aneworderoftheages”就是说美国人现在接受了一项新命令，这项命令来自上帝，是许多世纪以来的一项崭新的命令，即要求代代美国人建设自己的国家。

5-2USGreatSeals

•Nowonemightthinkthatnumber13wasunluckyforsomebutconsiderthefollowing:

•13originalcolonies

13signatoriestothedeclarationofindependence

13stripesontheflag

13lettersinLatinoverthepyramidANNUITCOEPTIS

13starsabovetheeagle

13barsontheshield

13leavesandseedsontheolivebranch

13arrows

5-3MottooftheUS

Official:

InGodWeTrust（since1956）

Traditional:

EPluribusUnum  （OutofMany,One）

5-4USNationalAnthem

TheStarSpangledBanner（１）

O!

saycanyouseebythedawn'searlylight

Whatsoproudlywehailedatthetwilight'slastgleaming.

Whosebroadstripesandbrightstarsthroughtheperilousfight,

O'ertherampartswewatchedweresogallantlystreaming.

Andtherockets'redglare,thebombsburstinginair,

Gaveproofthroughthenightthatourflagwasstillthere.

Oh,saydoesthatstar-spangledbanneryetwave

O'erthelandofthefreeandthehomeofthebrave?

哦，你可看见，透过一线曙光，

我们对着什么，发出欢呼的声浪？

谁的阔条明星，冒着一夜炮火，

依然迎风招展，在我军碉堡上？

火炮闪闪发光，炸弹轰轰作响，

它们都是见证，国旗安然无恙。

你看星条旗不是还高高飘扬

在这自由国家，勇士的家乡？

5-4USNationalAnthem

TheStarSpangledBanner（２）

Ontheshore,dimlyseenthroughthemistsofthedeep,

Wherethefoe'shaughtyhostindreadsilencereposes,

Whatisthatwhichthebreeze,o'erthetoweringsteep,

Asitfitfullyblows,halfconceals,halfdiscloses?

Nowitcatchesthegleamofthemorning'sfirstbeam,

Infullgloryreflectednowshinesinthestream:

'Tisthestar-spangledbanner!

Ohlongmayitwave

O'erthelandofthefreeandthehomeofthebrave!

透过稠密的雾，隐约望见对岸，

顽敌正在酣睡，四周沉寂阑珊。

微风断断续续，吹过峻崖之巅，

你说那是什么，风中半隐半现？

现在它的身上，映着朝霞烂漫，

凌空照在水面，霎时红光一片。

这就是星条旗，愿它永远飘扬

在这自由国家，勇士的家乡。

5-4USNationalAnthem

TheStarSpangledBanner（3）

Andwhereisthatbandwhosovauntinglyswore

Thatthehavocofwarandthebattle'sconfusion,

Ahomeandacountryshouldleaveusnomore!

Theirbloodhaswashedouttheirfoulfootsteps'pollution.

Norefugecouldsavethehirelingandslave

Fromtheterrorofflight,orthegloomofthegrave:

Andthestar-spangledbannerintriumphdothwave

O'erthelandofthefreeandthehomeofthebrave!

都到哪里去了，信誓旦旦的人们？

他们向往的是能在战争中幸存，

家乡和祖国，不要抛弃我们。

他们自己用血，洗清肮脏的脚印。

那些奴才、佣兵，没有地方藏身，

逃脱不了失败和死亡的命运。

但是星条旗却将要永远飘扬

在这自由国家，勇士的家乡。

5-4USNationalAnthem

TheStarSpangledBanner（4）

O!

thusbeitever,whenfreemenshallstand

Betweentheirlovedhomeandthewar'sdesolation!

Blestwithvictoryandpeace,maytheheav'nrescuedland

PraisethePowerthathathmadeandpreservedusanation.

Thenconquerwemust,whenourcauseitisjust,

Andthisbeourmotto:

'InGodisourtrust.’

Andthestar-spangledbannerintriumphshallwave

O'erthelandofthefreeandthehomeofthebrave!

玉碎还是瓦全，摆在我们面前，

自由人将奋起保卫国旗长招展。

祖国自有天相，胜利和平在望；

建国家，保家乡，感谢上帝的力量。

我们一定得胜，正义属于我方，

“我们信赖上帝，”此语永矢不忘。

你看星条旗将永远高高飘扬

在这自由国家，勇士的家乡。

5-5Rose:

NationalFlower

•TherosebecametheofficialfloweroftheUnitedStatesin1986.

•AresolutionwaspassedbytheSenateinOctober1985andtheHouseofRepresentativesonSeptember23,1986askingthepresidenttoissueaproclamationdeclaringtheroseasthenationalflower.

•PresidentReagansignedtheresolutiononOctober7,1986inaceremonyintheWhiteHouseRoseGarden.

•OnNovember20,1986,ReaganissuedProclamation5574:

TheNationalFloralEmblemoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica:

TheRose.

•Theroseisbelievedtobethesymboloflove,beauty,peace,friendship,braveryandsacrifice.

5-6Oak:

NationalTree

5-6UncleSam

•UncleSam

•isaNationalSymbol.He,animageofpatriotism,isthepersonificationofAmericaitself.

•Classicimage:

•M.Flagg's1917posterusedtorecruitsoldiersforbothWorldWarIandWorldWarIIdefinedtheclassiclookofUncleSam,withawhitegoateeanddressedinhispatrioticsuitandtophat.

AStory

WhyUncleSambecameAmerica’sNickname

•SamuelWilson（1766-1854）wasborninMassachusetts.HegrewupinNewHampshire,andin1778hemovedtotheStateofNewYork,tostartabusinessinthemeat-packingindustry.

•DuringtheWarof1812,SamWilsonobtainedacontracttosupplybeeftotheArmyinitscampaignfurthernorth.Heshippedthemeatinbarrelsbrandedwiththeinitials"U.S."astheyweregovernmentproperty.

•Thesoldiersandtheteamsterstooktojokingthattheinitialsreferredtotheir"UncleSam,"andovertime,everythingmarkedwith"U.S."waslinkedwithUncleS