第九套.docx
《第九套.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《第九套.docx(22页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
第九套
710分四级模拟题 第九套
PartI Writing(30minutes)
注意:
此部分试题在答题卡1上。
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Directions:
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1
Forquestions1-7,mark
Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;
N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;
NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.
Forquestions8–10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
TheU.S.Congress
CompositionoftheU.S.Congress
TheU.S.CongressisthelegislativebranchoftheFederalGovernment.Itisabicameral(两院制的)law-makingbodyofmorethan500members.ItstwochambersarerespectivelycalledtheHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenate.TheAmericantwo-houselegislature,aproductofthecompromisebetweenbigstatesandsmallones,embodiestheAmericanprincipleofbalancesandchecks.Allbillsmustcarrybothhousesbeforebecominglaw.
TheMembershipandElectionofBothChambers
TheHouseofRepresentativesisthelowerhouseofthebicameralCongress.ThemembershipoftheHouseisdistributedamongthestatesaccordingtotheirdifferentpopulations.Since1910,theHousehashadapermanentmembershipof435,witheachRepresentativerepresentingabouthalfamillionAmericans.Undertheprinciplethateachstateisguaranteedatleastonerepresentative,Nevada,astatewithasmallpopulation,sendsonlyoneRepresentativetotheHouse.Californiahasmorethan40RepresentativesintheHousebecauseofitslargepopulation.
TheelectionofRepresentativesisorganizedbythestatelegislaturewhichdividesthestateintoanumberofdistrictsknownasCongressionaldistricts.Eachdistrict,withapopulationofnearlyhalfamillion,electsoneRepresentativetotheHouse.ARepresentative'stermofofficeissetattwoyears,butthereisnolimittothenumberofhisterms.AnewRepresentativecanhardlyfeeleasyabouthisposition.HardlyhashebegunhisworkintheCongresswhenhefindsit'stimeforhimtoseekre-election.
TheSenateistheupperhouseoftheUSCongress.RepresentationintheSenateisbasedontheprincipleofstateequality.TheSenateiscomprisedof100Senators,twofromeachofthefiftystates.
Senatorshavebeendirectlyelectedbyvotersoftheirrespectivestatessince1913.Theirtermofofficeissixyears.ASenatormustbeatleastthirtyyearsofageandacitizenfornineyears.
SenatorsHaveMorePrestigeThanHouseMembers
Generallyspeaking,Senatorsareaccordedgreaterprestigethantheircolleaguesinthelowerhouse.ManyRepresentativesaspiretowintheelectiontotheSenate.Senatorsderivetheirprestigefromthefollowingfacts.Theyarelessnumerous,fortherearefewerthanone-fourthasmanySenatorsasRepresentatives,orCongressmen.Electedbythewholestateinsteadofasinglecongressionaldistrict,mostSenatorsrepresentmoreconstituentsthandoHousemembers.Theyarelessworriedbytheproblemofseekingre-electives.What'smore,theSenateisvestedwithspecialpowerswhichitdoesnotsharewiththeHouse.Ithasthepowertoratifyordenyproposedtreaties,nominationsproposedbythePresident.Inlinewiththetraditionof“senatorialcourtesy”,theSenatealwaysrejectsanomineewhoisobjectedtobyaSenatorofthestatefromwhichhecomes.
Itwon’tdotoneglecttheimportanceoftheSenateinforeignaffairs.Withoutitscooperationandsupport,thePresidentcanhardlytakeanysignificantactioninforeignrelations.ASecretaryofStateongoodtermswiththeSenatorsisalwaysimportantforthePresident.ForeigncountriesmusttrytoestablishgoodrelationswiththeUSSenateiftheyintendtomakeabargainwiththeUnitedStates.
HowTwoChambersOperate
ThepresidingofficeroftheSenateistheVicePresidentwhofunctionsasakindofchairmanwhentheSenateisinsession.ThechiefspokesmanoftheHouseisknownasthespeakerwhoistheleaderofthemajoritypartyintheHouse.TheSpeakeristhemostinfluentialfigureintheHousebecausehedirectshisparty'sforcesinlegislativebattles.
LeadersofBothParties
BothpartieshavetheirleadersintheCongress,whoareknownasfloorleaders.
Floorleadersareelectedbytheirrespectivepartymeetings,themeetingofpartymembersinoneofthetwohouses.Becausefloorleaders,bothmajorityandminority,holdcriticalpositionsintheCongress,theyaresometimesinvitedtotheWhiteHouseforconferencewiththePresident.
HowtheCongressWorks
TheCongressisalegislativebody,butitreliesonitsvariouscommitteestodopreparatorywork.TheSenateandtheHousehaveseveraldozenstandingorspecialcommitteestodealwithproblemsofdifferentnatures.TheseatsofthecommitteesaredividedbetweenthetwopartiesinproportiontotheirrespectivemembershipintheCongress.ButthecommitteechairmanisalwaysamemberofthemajoritypartywhohasbeenintheSenateortheHousewithoutinterruptionforlongerthananybodyelseonthecommittee.Thecustomisknownas“seniorityrule”.
MostproposedlawsintheCongressareknownasbills.Allbillsintroducedduringatwo-yearcongressionaltermaredesignated“HR”intheHouseand“S”intheSenate,withconsecutive(连续的)numbersassignedinorderinwhichtheyareintroducedineachhouse.Afterthis,thebillsarereferredtotherelevantcommitteesforfurtherstudy.
Toassessthebillatitstrueworth,therelevantcommitteeusuallyorganizesitssub-committeetoconductdetailedstudy.Thereisnodoubtthatthesub-committeewillstudytheliteralsenseofthebill.Butitalsoholdsmeetingswiththecitizenswhowanttostatetheiropinionsaboutthebill.Thesemeetingsarecommonlyknownashearings.Thepurposeofthesub-committeeinholdingthesehearingsistoobtaininformationonthebillbeforeit.Thesub-committeemaysummonpeopletoappearatthehearingsandtotestify.
Afterfinishingstudyofthebill,thesub-committeewillreporttheresulttothefullcommittee.Thecommitteechairmanthenhasachoicebetweentwothings.Hecansendthebilltothehouseforfurtherconsideration.Hecanalsopigeonhole(搁置),orkillitbyputtingitasideandnotreportingit.Forthisreason,acommitteechairmanisregardedasanimportantpersonintheCongress.Itwon'tdotoneglecthim.
SomeImportantCommitteesintheTwoChambers
TherearesomeimportantcommitteesintheSenateandtheHouse.TheBudgetCommitteearetorecommendpolicyguidelineseachfiscal(财政的)yeartoaidCongressinconsideringtheannualFederalbudget.TheAppropriationCommitteeinbothhousesoftheCongressstudythedemandformoneyfromthePresidentandaidCongressinappropriatingasumofmoneytofinanceaprogramsuggestedbythePresident.TheForeignRelationsCommitteesstudyAmericanforeignpoliciesandexamineAmericanforeigntreatiesbeforegivingtheiropinionstoCongressforreference.TheWaysandMeansCommitteeisastandingcommitteeoftheHouseofRepresentatives.Ithastheexclusivepowertostudybillsforraisingrevenue.Italsoconsiderstheproblemsconcerningtaxesandtariffs.Insimplelanguage,itsworkistoexplorethesourcesofmoneyfortheexpendituresoftheFederalGovernment.TheInvestigatingCommitteeistoexerciseafact-findingroleasanaidtothelaw-makingprocess.Anyonewhorefusestotestifybeforeitmaybepunishedbylaw.TheInvestigatingCommitteeissomethinglikeaninformation’agencyoftheCongress.ItisalsoaWatchdogCommittee,foritoverseestheworkoftheAdministration.Itsinvestigationsreacheverylevelanddepartmentofthegovernment.ThelastbutmostimportantcommitteeistheRulesCommittee.ItisacommitteeoftheHouse.ItpicksoutonlythosebillsitlikesandsendsthemtoCongressmenfortheirconsideration.
注意:
此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答,8-10题在答题卡1上。
1.ThepassagegivesageneraldescriptionofthecompositionandoperationoftheU.SCongress.
2.TwochambersoftheU.S.CongressaretheHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenate.
3.ThenumberofRepresentativesofCaliforniaismorethanthatofNevadabecauseofitslargerarea.
4.TheHouseofRepresentativeshasthepowertoratifyordenyproposedtreaties,nominationsproposedbytheVicePresident.
5.Thoughfloorleadersholdcriticalpositions,theyareseldominvitedtotheWhiteHouseforconferencewiththePresident.
6.Asalegislativebody,theCongressreliesonitsvariouscommitteestodopreparatorywork.
7.ThemostimportantcommitteeistheRuleCommittee.
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
注意:
此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
11. A)Tostudyfashiondesigning.
B)Tolookatprettygirls.
C)Toreviewlessonforanexam.
D)Tocollectmaterialforaclassroompresentation.
12. A)Allday
B)Onlyintheafternoon
C)Onlyinthemorning
D)Thesameasduringtheweek
13. A)$884.B)$848.
C)$751.D)$571.
14. A)Playingvolleyball.B)Swimming.
C)Skating.D)WatchingTV.
15.A)Thetrainislate.
B)Thetrainiscrowded.
C)Thetrainisempty.
D)Thetrainisontime.
16A)Shemisplacedherclasscardforbiology.
B)Shearrived