雅思小作文折线图.docx

雅思小作文折线图.docx

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雅思小作文折线图

Writingtaskone：

singlelinegraph

Youwillbegivenagraphwithasingleline.Yourtaskistowritea150wordreporttodescribetheinformationgiveninthegraph.Youarenotaskedtogiveyouropinion.Youshouldspendaroundtwentyminutesonthetask.Taskoneisnotworthasmanymarksastasktwoandsoyoushouldmakesurethatyoukeepwithintherecommendedtwentyminutetimeframe.

Whatisbeingtestedisyourabilityto:

∙objectivelydescribetheinformationgiventoyou

∙reportonatopicwithouttheuseofopinion

∙usesuitablelanguagetodescribethegraph

Sampletask

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.

Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationinthegraphbelow.

Writeatleast150words.

Whenyou’vefinishedthetask

Howgoodisyouranswer?

Checktheguidelinesbellowandreadthesampleanswer.

Guidelinesforagoodanswer

Doesthereporthaveasuitablestructure?

∙Doesithaveanintroduction，bodyandconclusion?

∙Doesitincludeconnectivewordstomakethewritingcohesivewithinsentencesandparagraphs?

Doesthereportusesuitablegrammarandvocabulary?

∙Doesitincludeavarietyofsentencestructures?

∙Doesitincludearangeofappropriatevocabulary?

Doesthereportmeettherequirementsofthetask?

∙Doesitmeetthewordlimitrequirements?

∙Doesitdescribethewholegraphadequately?

∙Doesitfocusontheimportanttrendspresentedinthegraphicinformation?

Sampleanswer

ThegraphshowsthenumberofcasesofXdiseaseinSomelandbetweentheyears1960and1995.Asanoveralltrend，itisclearthatthenumberofcasesofthediseaseincreasedfairlyrapidlyuntilthemidseventies，remainedconstantforaroundadecadeat500casesbeforedroppingtozerointhelate80s.

In1960，thenumberofcasesstoodatapproximately100.Thatnumberrosesteadilyto200by1969andthenmoresharplyto500in1977.Atthispointthenumberofcasesremainedstableuntil1984beforeplummetingtozeroby1988.From1988to1995Somelandwasfreeofthedisease.

Inconclusion，thegraphshowsthatthediseasewasincreasinglyprevalentuntilthe1980swhenitwaseradicatedfromSomeland.

Whatdoyouthink?

Whatisyouropinionofthissampleanswer?

Howwelldoesitmeettherequirementsoftheguidelines?

Readtheteacher'scommentsonthisanswer.

Teacher'scommentsonthesampleanswer

“Thereportstructureiseasytofollowandlogicalwithaclearintroduction，bodyandconclusion.Thecandidateusescohesivewordstoconnectpiecesofinformationandmakethewritingflowsuchas‘until’and‘before’inthesecondsentence.Thecandidateusesavarietyofgrammaticalstructuresandvocabularysothatthewritingisnotrepetitive.

Intermsoftaskrequirementsthereportisalittleshortbutthisisbecausethesimplegraphusedasanexampledoesnothavesufficientinformationforthecandidatetodescribe.IntherealIELTStestthegraphwillhavemoreinformationandsotheneedtolookfortrendswillbeevengreaterthaninthisexample.”

StrategiesforimprovingyourIELTSscore

Selectinginformation

Itisimportantthatyoudescribethewholegraphfully.However，thisdoesnotmeanthatyoushouldnoteeverydetail.Inmostcasestherewillbetoomuchinformationforyoutomentioneachfigure.Youwillthereforeneedtosummarisethegraphbydividingitintoitsmainparts.Thisiswhatwemeanbydescribingthetrends.

Forexample，inachronologicallinegraphitmightseemsensibletodescribetheinformationyearbyyearorperiodbyperiod.Thegraphabovegivestheinformationinfiveyearsectionssowecouldwriteourreportlikethis:

ThenumberofcasesofXdiseasestartedat50in1965andthenwentupgraduallyto100in1965andcontinuedupto200in1970andthenwentupmoresharplyto380in1975.

Whilethiswayofdescribingtheinformationmaybeaccurate，itdoesnotmeaningfullysumuptheinformationinthegraph.Infact，theinformationinthegraphwouldmostmeaningfullybedescribedinfourchronologicalsectionsfollowingtheshapeofthegraph.

IntheSampleTask，thegraphshowsfourmaintrends:

∙first，agradualincreasefrom1960to1968

∙second，asteeperincreasefrom1968to1977

∙third，aplateaufrom1977to1983

∙fourth，adropfrom1983to1988

Thestructureofthereportmustshowthesefourmaintrendsclearly.

Reportstructure

Yourreportshouldbestructuredsimplywithanintroduction，bodyandconclusion.Tensesshouldbeusedappropriately.

Introduction

Usetwostandardopeningsentencestointroduceyourreport.Theseopeningsentencesshouldmakeupthefirstparagraph.Sentenceoneshoulddefinewhatthegraphisabout；thatis，thedate，location，whatisbeingdescribedinthegraphetc.Forexample:

ThegraphshowsthenumberofcasesofXdiseaseinSomelandbetweentheyears1960and1995…

Noticethetenseused.Eventhoughitdescribesinformationfromthepast，thegraphshowstheinformationinthepresenttime.

Noticethatthesampleopeningsentencedoesnotsimplycopythewordsusedonthegraphicmaterial.Copiedsentenceswillnotbeassessedbytheexaminerandsoyouwasteyourtimeincludingthem.

Describingtheoveralltrend

Sentencetwo（andpossiblythree）mightsumuptheoveralltrend.Forexample:

ItcanbeclearlyseenthatXdiseaseincreasedrapidlyto500casesaroundthe1980sandthendroppedtozerobefore1999，whileYdiseasefellconsistentlyfromahighpointofnearly600casesin1960tolessthan100casesin1995.

Noticethetenseused.Herewearetalkingabouttheoccurrenceofthediseaseinthepast.

Describingthegraphindetail

Thebodyofthereportwilldescribethegraphorgraphsindetail.Youwillneedtodecideonthemostclearandlogicalordertopresentthematerial.

Linegraphsgenerallypresentinformationinchronologicalorderandsothemostlogicalorderforyoutowriteuptheinformationwould，mostprobablybefromearliesttolatest.Bargraphs，piechartsareorganisedindifferentwaysandsoyouneedtodecideontheorganisationofeachone.

Concludingsentences

Yourreportmayendwithoneortwosentenceswhichsummariseyourreporttodrawarelevantconclusion.

Grammarandvocabulary

Avoidingrepetition

Youwillreceiveahighermarkifyourwritingusesarangeofstructuresandvocabularycorrectlyratherthanalimitednumber.Forexample，thecandidatewhowrites:

ThenumberofcasesofXdiseasestartedat50in1965andthenwentupto200in1970andthenwentupto500in1980andthenwentdowntozeroin1990.

willlosemarksforbeingrepetitive.Youshouldthereforepractisewritingreportsusingawidevarietyoftermstodescribethedifferentmovementsinthegraphsanddifferentstructurestovaryyourwriting.

Describingtrends

Trendsarechangesormovements.Thesechangesarenormallyexpressedinnumericitems，forexample，population，productionvolumesorunemployment.Therearethreebasictrends:

Expressingmovement：

nounsandverbs

Foreachtrendthereareanumberofverbsandnounstoexpressthemovement.Wecanuseaverbofchange，forexample:

Unemploymentlevelsfell

Orwecanusearelatednoun，forexample:

Therewasafallinunemploymentlevels

Direction

Verbs

Nouns

Rose（to）

Increased（to）

Wentup（to）

Climbed（to）

Boomed

Arise

Anincrease

Growth

Anupwardtrend

Aboom（adramaticrise）

Fell（to）

Declined（to）

Decreased（to）

Dipped（to）

Dropped（to）

Wentdown（to）

Slumped（to）

Reduced（to）

Adecrease

Adecline

Afall

Adrop

Aslump（adramaticfall）

Areduction

Levelledout（at）

Didnotchange

Remainedstable（at）

Remainedsteady（at）

Stayedconstant（at）

Maintainedthesamelevel

Alevellingout

Nochange

Fluctuated（around）

Peaked（at）

Plateaued（at）

Stoodat（weusethisphrasetofocusonaparticularpoint，beforewementionthemovement，forexample:

Inthefirstyear，unemploymentstoodat…）

Afluctuation

Reachedapeak（of）

Reachedatplateau（at）

Describingthemovement：

adjectivesandadverbs

Sometimesweneedtogivemoreinformationaboutatrendasfollows:

Therehasbeenaslightincreaseinthevalueofthedollar（degreeofchange）

Unemploymentfellrapidlylastyear（thespeedofchange）

Rememberthatwemodifyanounwithanadjective（aslightincrease）andaverbwithanadverb（toincreaseslightly）.

Describingthedegreeofchange

Adjectives

Adverbs

dramatic

dramatically

sharp

sharply

huge

enormous

enormously

steep

steeply

substantial

substantially

considerable

considerably

significant

significantly

marked

markedly

moderate

moderately

slight

slightly

small

minimal

minimally

Describingthespeedofchange

Adjectives

Adverbs

rapid

rapidly

quick

quickly

swift

swiftly

sudden

suddenly

steady

steadily

gradual

gradually

slow

slowly

Exercise1

Usethefollowingtermsandanyothersnecessarytodescribethegraphbelow.

initially，stoodat，dip/dipped，peak/peaked，level/levelledout

Wecandescribeatrendbylookingat:

∙thedifferencebetweentwolevels

∙theendpointofthetrend

Describingthedifferencebetweentwolevels

Thisyearunemploymenthasincreased by 20,000cases（thedifferencebetweenthisyearandlastyearis20,000cases）.

Thisyeartherehasbeenanincreaseinunemployment of 5%.

Noticetheprepositions.Weusetoincrease by （withtheverb）andanincrease of （withthenoun）.

Describingtheendpoint

Thisyearunemploymenthasrisento10%（theendresultisthatunemploymentisupto10%）.

Thisyeartherehasbeenariseinunemploymentto10%.

Noticetheprepositions.Weusetorise to （withtheverb）andarise to （withthenoun）.

Exercise2

Write3sentencesdescribingthegraphbelowusing by, of