高考英语高考英语第二轮复习 阅读理解新闻类.docx

高考英语高考英语第二轮复习 阅读理解新闻类.docx

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高考英语高考英语第二轮复习阅读理解新闻类

高考英语阅读理解专项训练.附详解（新闻类）

（1）

LONDON—BritainawokeonEasterMondaytoaperiodofmourningfortheQueenMother,whodiedovertheweekendafteralifespanningacenturyofnoisyandevidentchange.The101-year-oldroyalmatriarchdiedinhersleeplastSaturdaywithQueenElizabeth,herelderandonlysurvivingdaughter,atherbedside.Forawomanwhowasoneofthebest-knownfiguresinBritainformorethan80years—fromtheeraoftintedportraitsontinbiscuitboxesandcigarettecardstotheageoftheInternet,theQueenMotherremainedanenigmatic（不可思议的）andelusive（躲避的）figure.

Sheachievedsucharespectthroughaeons（永世,亿万年）of,first,fawningand,later,intrusivemediafascination,byremainingalmostentirelysilent.Herprivatethoughtswereneverparaded（炫耀）inpublic.Whatthepublicsawwasacharmingandbenignelderlylady,adeptatwinningtheadmirationofpressphotographers,whomshealwaysfavouredwithaparticularsmile.

CHINA’sthirdunmannedspacecraft,ShenzhouⅢ,landedsafelyincentralInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionMondayafternoon,afterorbitingtheearth108timesinslightlylessthanaweek.Thecraft,whichliftedofffromJiuquaninGansuProvincelastMondaynight,landedaftersuccessfullyconductingachainofflightandscientificexperimentsoveraperiodof162hours.

ApowerfulearthquakejoltedTaiwan,killingfiveconstructionworkers,authorities（官方）said.Over200injurieswarereportedacrosstheisland,mostlyminor,asaresultofSunday’s7.5-magnitudequake.ThequakewascentredoffHualien,180kilometreseastofTaipei.Itstruckat2:

53pmandlastedfornearlyaminute.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothenews?

　　A.TheQueenMotherdiedonEasterMondayalone.

　　B.TheQueenMotherwasanattractivepersoninherpoliticallife.

　　C.TheBritishpeoplefeltsorryforthedeathoftheQueenMother.

　　D.TheQueenMotherwassufferingalotwhenshewasdying.

　　2.Itcanbeinferredthat_______.

　　A.thecraftlandedincentralInnerMongoliaunexpectedly

　　B.ittookthecraftatleast2hourstoorbittheearthonce

　　C.theChinesescientistsdidalotofexperimentsinspace

　　D.Chinawassuccessfulinsendinganunmannedspacecraftintospace

3.Thethirdnewsmainlytalksaboutthe_______inTaiwan.

A.politicalmattersB.socialproblems

　　C.unexpecteddamageD.constructionworkers

【答案与解析】这是3篇新闻报道。

第1篇是关于英国皇太后死亡的消息；第2篇是关于中国发射神舟三号无人飞船的消息；第3篇是关于台湾发生7.5级强烈地震的消息。

1.C。

判断题。

皇太后死的时候有其女儿伊利莎白皇后在身边，排除A项；皇太后没有从政，排除B项；皇太后是在睡觉的时候死去的，D项也排除。

所以答案选C。

2.D。

判断题。

从第3段的几个关键词safely…successful可知A项错误；B项内容在文中没有提及，可排除；而神舟三号为无人飞船，故不会有科学家在太空中做实验，可排除C；既然神舟三号无人飞船已安全着陆，那肯定是已成功发射了。

3.C。

主旨题。

既然台湾发生了地震，那当然是没有预料到的灾害。

A、B、D三项内容离题太远。

（2）

June26,2000—theHumanGenome（基因组）Project,agreat$3billion,15-yeartaskaimedatdrawingthegenetic（遗传的）mapofhumans,isnowmorethan90percentcompleted.Thescientificandmedicalcommunities（团体）areveryexcitedaboutthechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseasesandprolonging（延长）humanlife.Butthosecommunitiesandpolicy（政策）makersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflife.

Forthelastfewyears,thegeneticadvancesinthedevelopingfieldofbiotechnology（生物技术）haveprovidesmaterialforallkindsofwork,butthedevelopmentsofmodernscienceinunlockingthesecretsofthehumangeneticcode（密码）haveopenedaworldofpossibilitiesforhumanhealth,aswellasforthepopularimagination.

WhileEuropeanandJapaneseresearchersaremakingrapidprogressindecoding（解码）humanDNA,theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,whichbeganin1990,is“unlockingthecode”ofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfatal（致命的）diseases.Already,theHumanGenomeProjecthasbecomewidelyknownandpraisedforfindingthegenes（基因）connectedwithterriblediseasesasyet（迄今）,andmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancerorAIDS.

Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections（传染）,andgeneticdiseases.Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.

1.Whydidthescientistsworkhardatmappingthehumangenome?

A.Becausethehumangenomecandestroymanyillnesses.

B.Becausethehumangenome'scompletioncanhelpthemgetridofmanydiseases.C.Becausetheywantedtobebetterknownthanothers.

D.Becausethehumangenomecanprovidealotofchancesofwork.

2.Whichcountrystudiedthegenesmostrapidlyintheworld?

A.Japan.B.Germany.C.TheUnitedStates.D.China.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Ifthegenescanbefound,scientistscanstudymanynewwaystocureillnesses.

B.Thescientistshavemadegreatprogressinconnectingthegeneswiththecancers.

C.Manymedicalcompaniesshowgreatinterestindrawingthehumangenomemap.

D.TheUnitedStatesbegantheGenesStudyearlyinthe19thcentury.

4.TheauthorsuggeststhattheHumanGenomeProjectcancause_______.

A.thepolicymakerstofeelveryworriedandcareful

B.thescientiststoworkharder

C.manypeopletofindworkeasily

D.alotofcompaniestoproducemanynewdrugs

5.Themainideaofthisarticleisabout_______.

A.unlockinggeneticcode

B.thegenes'discovery

C.thegreathumangenome

D.thegenesandthescientists

【答案与解析】绘制人类基因组图，这将意味着人类消灭癌症、艾滋病的危害，延长人类寿命将成为现实。

1.B。

语义理解题。

从文章最后一段第1句话Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections（传染）,andgeneticdiseases可以看出科学家们完成人类基因组图的目的。

2.C。

细节题。

因为…theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,所以答案选C。

3.D。

判断题。

美国是在1990年，即20世纪末开始绘制人类基因组图的，所以选项D不对。

4.B。

判断题。

从文章内容可知，人类基因组图的完成将有助于科学家们攻克一系列难关。

所以，他们在更努力地探究。

5.A。

主旨题。

综合文章内容，不难概括出本文主旨：

解读基因密码。

（3）

ThespaceshuttleColumbiaflaredandbrokeupintheskiesoverTexasonSaturday,February1,2003,killingthesevenastronautsonboardinwhatNASAandPresidentBushcalledatragedyfortheentirenation.NASAlaunchedaninvestigationintothedisasterandbegansearchingfortheastronauts'remains.Itsaidthatalthoughtherehadbeensomedatafailuresitwastooearlytonaildownaprecisecause.Thebreak-up,16minutesbeforetheshuttlewasduetolandatKennedySpaceCenterinFlorida,spreadpossiblytoxicdebris（有毒的残骸）overawideswathofTexasandneighboringstates.

Dramatictelevisionimagesoftheshuttle'sdescentclearlyshowedseveralwhitetrails（痕迹）streakingthroughblueskiesaftertheshuttlesuddenlyfellapart.Itwasalmost17yearstothedaythattheChallengershuttleexplodedonJan.28,1986,killingallsevenastronautsonboard.

Take-offandre-entryintoEarth'satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.In42yearsofUS'humanspaceflight,therehadneverbeenanaccidentinthedescenttoEarthorlanding.Challengerexplodedjustaftertake-off.

Rescueteamsscrambledtosearchfortheremainsofthecrew,whichincludedthefirstIsraelitoflyontheshuttle,formercombatpilotCol.IlanRamon.Therewerewarningsthatpartsofavast120-mile-longcorridorofdebriscouldbetoxicbecauseofpoisonousrocketpropellant（推进器）.

"Wearenotreadytoconfirmthatwehavefoundanyhumanremains,"NacogdochesCountySheriffThomasKerrssaid.Headdedthatamongtheroughly1,000callsreportingdebris,somepeoplesaidtheyfoundremainsofcrewmembers.

"TheColumbiaislost.Therearenosurvivors,…Theirmissionwasalmostcompleteandwelostthemsoclosetohome.…America'sspaceprogramwillgoon,"saidagrim-facedBushinamessagebroadcastontelevision,whichincludedcondolencestothefamiliesofthedeadastronauts.

1.Theword“descent”inthepassagemeans________.

A.takingoffB.landingC.orbitingD.walkingdown

2.WhichistrueoftheIsraeliastronautIlanRamon?

A.HewasthefirstIsraeliastronauttoflyontheshuttle.

B.HewasthefirstforeignastronauttoflyontheAmericanshuttle.

C.Heusedtobeapassengerplanepilot.

D.HewastheonlysurvivorintheColumbiadisaster.

3.TheColumbiadisasterandtheChallengerdisasterweresimilarinthat________.

A.thereweresevenastronautskilledonboard

B.boththeshuttlesexplodedwhentheytookoff

C.Boththeshuttlesexplodedwhentheywereabouttoland

D.nohumanremainswerefound

4.Whichofthefollowingiswrongaccordingtothenews?

A.TheU.S.A.willgiveupthespaceprogrambecauseoftheaccident.

B.NASAhasn’tfoundthecauseoftheColumbiadisaster.

C.BeforetheColumbiadisaster,noshuttleshadexplodedinthecourseoflanding.

D.Take-offandre-entryintoEarth'satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.

【答案解析】本文讲述了美国航天飞机“哥伦比亚”号失事的情况。

1.B。

词义推测题。

可以参见第三段第二句中的inthedecenttoEarth，其后orlanding即是对descent解释。

2.A。

细节题。

从…whichincludedthefirstIsraelitoflyontheshuttle,formercombatpilotCol.IlanRamon中可以知道，IlanRamon.是以色列第一位乘坐航天飞机的宇航员。

3.A。

推断题。

要求你找出这两起灾难的共同点。

从文中可以了解到两起灾难都有7位宇航员丧生。

“挑战者”号是在升空时失事的，而“哥伦比亚”号是在返回地面的过程中失事的，故可排除B和C。

而选项D与原文不符，故选A。

4.A。

判断题。

根据…America'sspaceprogramwillgoon我们可以知道选项A明显错误。

而选项B、C、D均与原文相符。

（8）

VisitingU.S.PresidentGeorgeW.BushsaidinBeijingFridaythatbothChinaandtheUnitedStatesshouldencouragebilateral（双边的）contactsandexchangestopromotemutual（相互）understanding.

“It’simportantforourpoliticalleaderstocometoChina,”saidBush,whogaveaspeechFridaymorningatQinghuaUniversity,oneofthemostprestigiousuniversitiesinChina.

HisworkingvisittoChinaanddiscussionswithOinghuastudents“helppromote”Sino-U.S.（中美）relations,Bushsaidinresponseto