高考英语三模前任务型阅读专题练13教师版三年真题研读专练.docx
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高考英语三模前任务型阅读专题练13教师版三年真题研读专练
三模前任务型阅读专题练13
题组一
AboutNutritionalSupplementation(补充)
Today,weknowthattheroleofvitaminsandmineralsgoeswaybeyondthepreventionofdeficiencydiseases(维生素缺乏症)toactuallypreventingcancerandheartdisease,themostfearsomekillersofourtime.Withthisknowledgehascomethewidespreadcallfornutritionalsupplementation—andaconfusinggroupofvitamin,mineral,andsupplementsliningthesupermarketshelves.
Farfromcontributingtobetterhealth,however,nutritionalsupplementsthreatentoturnascientificbreakthroughintoanutritionaldisaster.
Promotersofvitaminsandminerals—especiallyVitaminsA,C,andE—wouldhaveconsumersbelievethatthelittlevitaminpillinthebottleisalltheyneedforgoodhealth.Takeyourvitaminsinthemorning,andyou’recovered.It’sokaytoeatfastfoodsfortherestofthedayorskipmealstoachievetoday’sfashionablyskinnylook.Butvitaminsandmineralsareonlyonepartofthenutritionalpuzzle.Adietrichinfiber(纤维)andbalancedincarbohydratesandproteinisessentialforgoodhealth.Youcan’tgetthesethingsfromanutritionalsupplement.Thefocusonvitaminandmineralsupplementsmayactuallyberobbingusofthefullnutritionweseek.
Andnosupplementcancomparetothequalityofnutritionfoundinnaturalsources.Forexample,ourbodiesturncarotenes(胡萝卜素)fromplantfoodsintoVitaminA.Manysupplementscontainasinglecarotene,butnaturalsourcesarerichinmanydifferentcarotenes.ManysupplementscontainaformofVitaminEthatismadefromchemicals,whennaturalVitaminEismorereadilyabsorbedandusedbythebody.Andscienceisstilldiscoveringthewealthofnutrientsinfoods.
Butperhapsthegreatestdangerpresentedbynutritionalsupplementscomesfromtheveryrealriskspresentedbyselfmedication.Anyonecanwalkintothemarketandbuyasmanydifferentsupplementsasdesired.Thereportedbenefitsofhighdosagesofcertainnutrientshaveledsomepeopletobelievethatthemorethebetter.Manytakeseveralvitaminandmineralsupplementswithoutregardtopossibleconsequences.
AsurprisingnewresearchsuggeststhatVitaminCpillsmayspeeduphardeningofthearteries,theunderlyingcauseofheartattacks.Researcherssaidtheirfindingssupporttherecommendationsofhealthorganizations,whichurgepeopletoavoidhighdosesofsupplementsandtogettheirnutrientsfromfoodinstead.
Asappealingasthey’remadetosound,nutritionalsupplementsaredangerindisguise.Ifyou’relookingforgoodhealth,don’tlookonthesupplementshelvesofyoursupermarket.Lookintheproducesectioninstead.
AboutNutritionalSupplementation
Introduction
Vitaminsandmineralscanpreventcancerandheartdisease,whichisoutsidethe(71)▲ofpreventingdeficiencydiseases,sotheyare(72)▲widely,butactuallynutritionalsupplementsnevercontributestobetterhealth(73)▲anutritionaldisaster.
Wrongunderstanding
●(74)▲yourvitaminseverymorning,youarecovered.
●The(75)▲peopletakenutritionalsupplements,thebettertheirhealthis.
Properunderstanding
●Vitaminsandmineralsareonlyonepartofthenutritionandcan’t(76)▲adietrichinfiberandbalancedincarbohydratesandprotein.
●Supplementcan’tbe(77)▲thanthequalityofnutritionfoundinnaturalsources.
●Getthenutrientsfromfood(78)▲thanfromhighdosesofsupplements.
(79)▲
Inordertobe(80)▲,lookintheproducesectioninthesupermarket.
①文章的标题:
AboutNutritionalSupplementation(关于营养补充)
②栏目有四块:
79题为信息概括题。
注意:
根据右栏可以试填出79题的答案:
Suggestion/Advice;
73题提醒我们注意:
这里有可能是:
never…but…的对等结构;
75题提醒我们注意:
这里有可能是:
the+比较级…the+比较级的句型;
77题提醒我们注意:
这里要用相关词的比较级;
78题提醒我们注意:
这里有可能是:
与than有关的短语。
③结合表格给出的框架浏览全文,我们可以快速得出短文的大体内容:
众所周知,维生素和矿物质对人体非常有益,但我们应从食物中获取这些物质而不是仅仅依靠营养品。
本文是一篇说明文。
接着浏览全文,把握文章脉络;对照表格,迅速定位,比照阅读,斟酌答案:
71.【答案】limit
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第一段第一句可知,维生素和矿物质的作用已经超出维生素缺乏症的预防,实际上它们可以起到防止癌症和心脏病的功效。
beyond与outsidethelimitof同义。
72.【答案】demanded/needed
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第一段第二句可知,人们对人体营养的补充品的需求非常广泛。
hascomethewidespreadcallfornutritionalsupplementation与theyaredemanded/neededwidely同义。
73.【答案】but
【解析】信息概括题。
根据第二段内容可知,营养补充并非对健康有益,而是成为营养之患。
never...but...意为“绝非……而是……”。
74.【答案】Taking
【解析】信息概括题。
根据第三段第二句可知,每天清晨吃一点维生素就可以恢复精力。
分析句子结构可知,此处应填非谓语动词。
因动作的逻辑主语与句子主语一致,故填Taking。
75.【答案】more
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第五段倒数第二句可知,被报道的高剂量的营养素的益处使得一些人相信营养品吃得越多越好。
根据原句中的more填写。
76.【答案】replace
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第三段第四、五句可知,维生素和矿物质只是人体所需营养的一部分。
富含纤维和碳水化合物及蛋白质均衡的食品才是健康之本。
换句话说,维生素和矿物质不能取代富含纤维和碳水化合物及蛋白质均衡的食品,故填入replace一词。
77.【答案】better
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第四段第一句可知,任何营养品都不能与源于大自然的营养的质量相媲美,即营养品不可能比源于大自然的营养的质量好,故填入better一词。
78.【答案】rather
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第六段第二句可知,人们要避免大量摄入营养品,而是要从食物中得到营养。
换句话说,人们要从食物中得到营养,而不要大量摄入营养品,根据句意中的“而不要”和表格中than提示可知,应填入rather一词。
ratherthan意为“而不是”。
79.【答案】Suggestion/Advice
【解析】信息概括题。
根据右栏内容可知,这里提及的是建议。
80.【答案】healthy
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第七段第二句中的“Ifyou’relookingforgoodhealth”中的health一词填写。
原句中health是名词,作动词lookingfor的宾语,表格中填入形容词healthy作be动词的表语。
题组二
Millionsofantslivetogetherinacolony,buttheydon’tcompete,getconfused,orbecomedisorganized.Theybehaveinanamazingorderlymanneratalltimes.Somescientistsrefertoantsas“super-organisms”becausetheyliveinsuchhighlyorganizedsocietiesthatworktogethertosurvive.Thewayantsliveandworktogetherhasmadethemoneofthemostimportantcreaturesontheplanet.
Ants,likebees,belongtoaclassofeusocialinsects.Eusocialinsectsarebrokenintogroupswithintheircommunity,andeachgrouphasaspecialjobtododependingontheneedsofthecommunity.Therearethreebasicgroupsinanantcolony:
queens,soldiers,andworkers.Queensarethelargestants,andtheironlyjobistoreproduce—theylayalloftheeggsthatwilleventuallybecomesoldiersandworkers.Soldiersareresponsibleforprotectingthecolonyandfindingnewplacesfornests.Workerantshavemanyjobswithinthecommunity,includingcaringfortheeggsandyoungants,huntingforfoodandmaintainingthenest.
Somescientistsarestudyinghowantscanleadtoabetterunderstandingoflaborissues,socialclass,andtheuseofnatureresourcesinhumancommunities.Antshavehadmillionsofyearsofpracticeinworkingtogethertosurviveandgrow.Foracolonytofunctionsuccessfully,antshavetocooperate,fromwhichpeoplecanlearnalot.Researchershopethatgatheringinformationabouthowantslivetogetherincommunitiescanhelppeoplelearntocooperateandcompromisewitheachother.
However,othersarguethattherearefundamentaldifferencesbetweenantsandhumansthatmeanhumansocietiesareunlikelyevertoattainant-likelevelsofcollaboration.Forexample,antsinacolonydon’tcompetewitheachother.Whentheyareshortoffoodinthecolony,someworkerantsautomaticallybecome“feeder”antsandfeedotherswiththefoodintheirstomachs,regardlessoftheirusualjob.Whenthefoodsupplyisreplenished,theybecomeworkerantsagain.
Inaddition,antsareabletoworktogetherwithoutaleadergivingthemdirections.Despitetheirnames,queenantsarenotleaders.Instead,antsfindoutwhattheyneedtodofromtheirsenseofsmell.Researchonharvesterantspasseachother,theypickupachemicalsmellwhichtellsthemwhattheotherantisdoing.Thenumberofantstheypassdoingaparticularjobdetermineswhattheyneedtodo.Itisaformofcommunication,butunlikehumancommunicationithasnocontent;itisjustbasedonnumbers.
Whileantsundoubtedlyhaveagreatdealtoteachusaboutorganizationandthestructureofnetworks,thosesearchingforagreaterunderstandingofhumanbehaviourandmoralsmayneedtolooksomewhere.
Ants:
MasterCooperators
Main(71)▲
Theylivetogetherincolonywithoutcompetitions,(72)▲orbeingdisorganized.
Thewaytheyworktogetherfor(73)▲livinginhighlyorganizedsocietiesmakesthemuniqueontheplanet.
Threegroups,includingqueens,soldiersandworkersinanantcolonyhaveaspecialjob,(74)▲ontheneedsofthecommunity.
(75)▲ofstudyingants
Ithelpspeopleunderstandlaborissues,socialclass,andtheuseofnaturalresourcesbetter.
Antsare(76)▲inworkingtogethertosurviveandgrow,helpingpeoplerunthecommunitiessmoothly.
Ithelpspeoplelearntocooperateand(77)▲witheachother.
Differencesbetweenantsandhumans
For(78)▲offood,someworkerantsautomaticallybecome‘feeder’ants.
(79)▲ants,humanshaveleadersgivingpeopledirections.
Suggestion
Researchersshouldhavedifferent(80)▲inunderstandinghumanbehaviourandmorals.
①文章的标题:
Ants:
MasterCooperators(蚂蚁:
合作大师)
②栏目有四块:
71题、75题为信息概括题。
注意:
根据右栏可以试填出71题的答案:
characteristics;
根据右栏可以试填出75题的答案:
Importance;
74题提醒我们注意:
这里有可能是:
动词+on的动词短语;
77题提醒我们注意:
这里有可能是:
动词+with的动词短语;
78题提醒我们注意:
这里有可能是:
for+名词+of的介词短语;
③结合表格给出的框架浏览全文,我们可以快速得出短文的大体内容:
通过对蚂蚁的研究了解了它们的特点以及与人类之间的关系。
蚂蚁共同生活和工作的方式使它们成为地球上最重要的生物之一。
本文是一篇说明文。
接着浏览全文,把握文章脉络;对照表格,迅速定位,比照阅读,斟酌答案:
71.【答案】features/characteristics
【解析】信息概括题。
根据右侧表格内容可知是在讲蚂蚁的“特点”,故答案为features/characteristics。
72.【答案】confusion
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第一段第一句“Millionsofantslivetogetherinacolony,buttheydon’tcompete,getconfused,orbecomedisorganized.”可知此空答案为confusion。
73.【答案】survival
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第一段第三句“Somescientistsrefertoantsas‘super-organisms’becausetheyliveinsuchhighlyorganizedsocietiesthatworktogethertosurvive.”可知,此处填survival。
74.【答案】depending
【解析】信息查找题。
根据第二段中“eachgrouphasaspecialjobtododependingontheneedsofthecommunity”可知,答案为depending。
75.【答案】Significance/Importance/Meaning/Benefits
【解析】信息概括题。
根据右栏内容可知此处是在讲研究蚂蚁的“意义(重要性)”,故答案为Significance
/Importance/Meaning/Benefits。
76.【答案】experienced
【解析】信息转换题。
根据第三段中“Antshavehadmillionsofyearsofpracticeinworkingtogethertosurviveandgrow.”可知答案为experienced。
77.【答案】compromise
【解析】信息查找题。
根据第三段