新人教版高中英语必修2Unit3 Computers 课堂同步训练卷二 Word版含答案.docx
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新人教版高中英语必修2Unit3Computers课堂同步训练卷二Word版含答案
新人教版高中英语课堂同步训练卷
必修二Unit3Computers
英语
(二)
(本卷满分100分)
一、阅读理解(每小题2分,共16分)
A
Whoissmarter?
Ahumanbeingorartificialintelligence(人工智能)?
ThequestionswepttheworldwhenaGoogle-developedprogramcalledAlphaGodefeatedtheworldtopplayer,SouthKoreanLeeSe-del,4-1.
So,whatcomesnext?
Somepeoplehavebeenarguingthatartificialintelligence,orAIinshort,willbeabadthingforhumans.InaninterviewwiththeBBCin2014,UKscientistStephenHawkingwarnedthat“thedevelopmentoffullartificialintelligencecouldmeantheendofthehumanrace.”
SoarewereallyabouttoliveintheworldshownintheTerminatormovies?
“Notquite,”answeredTheEconomist.Afterall,it’snothardtogetacomputerprogramtorememberandproducefacts.Whatishardisgettingcomputerstousetheirknowledgeineverydaysituations.
“Wethinkthat,forthehumanbeing,thingslikesightandbalance(视觉平衡),arenaturalandordinaryinourlife.”ThomasEdison,founderofMotionFigures,acompanythatisbringingAItoboys,toldthenewspaper.“Butforarobot,towalkupanddownjustlikehumanbeingsrequiresvariousdecisionstobemadeeverysecond,andit’sreallydifficulttodo.”
AsTheEconomistputit,“WehavealongwaytogobeforeAIcantrulybegintobesimilartothehumanbrain,eventhoughthetechnologycanbegreat.”
Meanwhile,JohnMarkoffofTheNewYorkTimessaidthatresearchersshouldbuildartificialintelligencetomakepeoplemoreeffective.
“Ourfateisinourownhands,”hewrote.“Sincetechnologydependsonthevaluesofitscreators,wecanmakehumanchoicesthatusetechnologytoimprovetheworld.”
1.Whatwastheresultofthematch?
A.LeeSe-delwonAlphaGo4-1.B.LeeSe-delwasdefeated.
C.GoogleprogrambeatAlphaGo.D.Neithersidewonthematch.
2.WhatdoesThomasEdisonpossiblymeaninhisremarks?
A.It’sveryhardforAItobeatthehumanbrain.
B.AIwouldtaketheplaceofhumanbeings.
C.AIcanmakevariousdecisionsquickly.
D.AIdoesbetterthanhumansinsightandbalance.
3.WhobelievesmuchhastobedonetoimproveAI?
A.StephenHawking.B.JohnMarkoff.
C.TheNewYorkTimes.D.TheEconomist.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphimply?
A.AIwillimprovetheworldcompletely.
B.AIisinthecontrolofhumanbeings.
C.AImaybringdisasterstohumanbeings.
D.AIwillmakeourfutureoutofcontrol.
【答案】1-4BADB
【解析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了人工智能阿尔法狗击败了韩国棋手李世石,这引发了人们对于人工智能是否会超越人类的讨论。
1.细节理解题。
根据第二段中“...whenaGoogledevelopedprogramcalledAlphaGodefeatedtheworldtopplayer,SouthKoreanLeeSe-del,4-1’”.可知,李世石被人工智能阿尔法狗击败,故B项正确。
2.推理判断题。
根据第六段中的“Butforarobot,towalkupanddownjustlikehumanbeingsrequiresvariousdecisionstobemadeeverysecond,andit’sreallydifficulttodo.”可知,ThomasEdison认为机器人像人类那样来回走动都需要每秒做出大量决定。
由此可知,他认为人工智能很难打败人类,故A项正确。
3.细节理解题。
根据倒数第三段中的“AsTheEconomistputit,‘WehavealongwaytogobeforeAIcantrulybegintobesimilartothehumanbrain,eventhoughthetechnologycanbegreat.’”可知,《经济学人》杂志认为在人工智能真正开始与人类大脑相似之前,我们还有很长的路要走,也就是要改进人工智能还有很多工作要做,故D项正确。
4.词句猜测题。
画线句的字面意思是:
我们的命运掌握在自己手中,根据画线句后的“Sincetechnologydependsonthevaluesofitscreators,wecanmakehumanchoicesthatusetechnologytoimprovetheworld.”可知,由于技术依赖于其创造者的价值观,我们可以通过人类的选择来利用技术让世界变得更好。
由此可知,画线句的意思是说人工智能在人类的控制之下,故B项正确。
B
Aslifeincitiesworldwidebecomesmoreexpensive,urbandesignersareusingmoderntechnologytohelpcitizensavoidtrafficjams,andshortenthetimeneededforbuswaitingandotherthings.Technologyisalsousedtocutcostlywaste.
InSantander,aSpanishportcity,parkingiseasytofind.Asonecardrivesaway,anundergroundsensorshowsthataparkingspaceisnowfree.400sensorssendmessagestosignsonstreets,andGPSdevicesdirectdriverstothenearestavailableparkingspaces,reducingtrafficjams.Trashiscollectedonlywhenthebinsarefullandbusstopsignsshowexactlywhenthenextbusiscoming.Thepublicparksarewateredonlythesoilgetsdry.Allthisismadepossibleby20,000sensorsinstalledonbuildings,streetpostsandevenbuses.Theyarepartofthe“smartcity”project,launchedbytheUniversityofCantabriasevenyearsago.
UniversityresearcherslikeLuisMunozregularlymeetwithlocalstodiscusshowtomaketheircityevensmarter.“Theyproposewhentheyhaveideasandsometimesevendevelopbythemselves.Here,wegivethemtheopportunitytoseetheseideashappeninreallife,”saidMunoz.Forexample,theuniversityhelpedawomancreateanappthatoutlinestheeasiestrouteforwalkingwithababystroller.Anotherprovidesinformationtoresidentsabouttheirwaterconsumptionandsendsanalarmtotheirphoneifthereisaleak.
TheSantandersmartprojectisattractingtheattentionoflargercitiesinEuropeandelsewherethatarelookingforsmartsolutionstourbanproblems.
5.WhatisthelifelikeinSantander?
A.Itismeaningful.B.Itisfulloffreedom.
C.Itislikelytochangefast.D.Itiseffectiveandconvenient.
6.HowcanresidentshelpMunoz’sjob?
A.Byofferingsomeoriginalorfreshideas.
B.Byshowinghimaroundthecity.
C.Byinstallingsensorsthemselves.
D.Byusingaslittlewateraspossible.
7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Another”inParagraph3referto?
A.Auniversity.B.Aphone.
C.Aneasyroute.D.Anapp.
8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.AWorldwideProblemB.ASmartCityProject
C.ACreativeResearcherD.ATrendinUrbanDesign
【答案】6-8DADB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。
本文主要讲述了智慧城市展示了科技给人们生活带来的便利。
5.推理判断题。
根据文章第二段第一、二句“InSantander,aSpanishportcity,parkingiseasytofind.Asonecardrivesaway,anundergroundsensorshowsthataparkingspaceisnowfree.”可知,在桑坦德,停车场非常容易找到,一辆车离开,地下的传感器会显示现在有空余车位。
由此推断出在桑坦德的生活是非常高效和方便的。
故D项正确。
6.细节理解题。
根据文章第三段第二句“Theyproposewhentheyhaveideasandsometimesevendevelopbythemselves.”可知,居民能够提供原创或新鲜的想法。
故正确答案为A。
7.词义猜测题。
根据文章第三段倒数第二句“Forexample,theuniversityhelpedawomancreateanappthatoutlinestheeasiestrouteforwalkingwithababystroller.”可知,这所大学帮助一位女士创建了一个应用程序,该应用程序概述了使用婴儿前行的最简单路线。
结合空格所在句的句意,另一个则向居民提供关于他们的用水量的信息,并且如果存在泄漏,则向他们的手机发送警报。
可以推断出“Another”指的是另一个app。
故D项正确。
8.主旨大意题。
文章主要介绍了智能城市的建立。
根据文章第二段最后一句“Theyarepartofthe‘smartcity’project,launchedbytheUniversityofCantabriasevenyearsago.”和文章最后一段“TheSantandersmartprojectisattractingtheattentionoflargercitiesinEuropeandelsewherethatarelookingforsmartsolutionstourbanproblems.”可知,文章旨在介绍智能城市项目。
故B项正确。
二、七选五(每小题2分,共10分)
Therehavebeenalotofcommentsrecentlysurrounding5G,thenextgenerationofwirelesstechnology.9.?
Howmightitchangeourlives?
5Gstandsforfifthgeneration,meaningthenextstepintheprogressionoftechnologytoreplacethecurrent4Gsystem.Earlier“G”systemsweredesignedtoimprovemobilecommunicationoperations.Eachnewtechnologybroughtmajorimprovementsinspeedandgreatlyincreasednetworkcapacity(容量).10..Itisexpectedtopermitmoreuserstodomorethingsatafasterrate.
However,technologyexpertssaythereisamajorwaythat5Gisdifferentfromtheearliersystems.11..Itwillaffectmanymoredevicesandindustriesthanother“G”versions.
5Gwillhelpfuelfuture“smartcities”byconnectingsensornetworks.5Gisalsoexpectedtoconnectself-drivingcarsandsupportnewtechnologiesinvolvingvirtualreality(虚拟现实).Higher5Gspeedscouldalsopermitdoctorstocommonlyperformremotemedicaloperations.Factoriesandbusinessescoulduse5Gtechnologytoincreaseautomationandimprovethecollectionofinformation.
12..Theincreaseddataflowacross5GnetworkswouldgiveInternetattackersalotmorepossibilitiestostealandmisusedata.Inaddition,thewideruseofa5Gwirelessnetworkmeansanybreakdownofthesystemwouldhavemorewidespreadandsevereresults.Suchdifficultiescouldaffectpublicsafety.13.,oranetworkbreakdowncouldcauseself-drivingvehiclestocrash.
A.Whyis5Gsopopular
B.Whatisthistechnology
C.Everycoinhastwosides
D.Thenew5Gsystempromisesmoreofthesame
E.Itwillmovebeyondmobilenetworktechnology
F.Abreakdownof5Gnetworksmaycauseeconomiclosses
G.Afailureduringadoctor’sremoteoperationcouldleadtodeath
【答案】9.B10.D11.E12.C13.G
【解析】本文属于说明文,介绍5G技术以及其优点,同时也存在的安全风险。
9.分析文章结构可知,本文属于总分结构,文章主要就第一段的两个问题展开来写,根据第二段“5Gstandsforfifthgeneration,meaningthenextstepintheprogressionoftechnologytoreplacethecurrent4Gsystem.”可知,第一个问题是关于5G概念,故选B。
10.根据前一句“Eachnewtechnologybroughtmajorimprovementsinspeedandgreatlyincreasednetworkcapacity(容量).可知,每一项新的通信技术都会带来速度提升,容量扩大。
D选项,而5G在此基础上会带来更多的东西,本句中的“ofthesame”与前一句呼应,切题,故选D。
11.根据后一句“Itwillaffectmanymoredevicesandindustriesthanother“G”versions.”可知,与其他的四代通信产业相比,5G会影响更多的设备和产业。
E选项,它的影响超过移动网络技术切题,在句中起递进说明作用,故选E。
12.根据后文“Theincreaseddataflowacross5GnetworkswouldgiveInternetattackersalotmorepossibilitiestostealandmisusedata.”可知,本段主要讲述5G技术可能存在的风险,故选C。
13根据后一句“oranetworkbreakdowncouldcauseself-drivingvehiclestocrash.”可知,网络故障可能会导致自动驾驶汽车出车祸,讲述5G技术对公共安全可能造成的不利作用。
G选项,远程手术的失败可能造成病人死亡。
本句是对前一句的具体阐述,切题,故选G。
三、完形填空(每小题1.5分,共30分)
Crowdsourcingisaninterestingnewapplicationofthesaying“Manyhandsmakelightwork”.Inthesamewaythatclassmatesmightwork14onatask,nowdozens,hundredsorthousandsofpeoplecancollaborate(合作)onprojectsthatwouldbetoo___15orcomplexforasmallgroupofco-workers.Atthesametime,crowdsourcingfollowstheold16thattwoheadsarebetterthanone.Whenmanypeoplecollaborate,theynotonlyworkfaster,buttheyalsoworkbetter,by17theirintelligenceandexperience.
Perhapsoneofthemost18examplesofcrowdsourcingisWikipedia—anonline