高考英语阅读理解题型专项辅导附答案详解教育类.docx
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高考英语阅读理解题型专项辅导附答案详解教育类
2009年高考英语阅读理解题型专项辅导(附答案详解)(教育类)
(1)
DoreenSykoraisnowajunioratMcGillUniversity.Shehadadifficulttimewhenshefirstbegancollege.Shesaid,“Iwasalwayswellpreparedformyexaminations.ButwhenIgointoclasstotaketheexam,Iwouldfallapart.Icouldjustblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.”HitoshiSakamoto,ananthropology(人类学)studentatTempleUniversityinTokyoreportssimilarexperiences.
Thesetwoyoungstudentswereexperiencingsomethingcalledtestanxiety.Becauseastudentworriesandisstressed(加压力于)aboutatest,hisorherminddoesnotworkaswellasitusuallydoes.Thestudentcannotwriteorthinkclearlybecauseoftheseveretensionandnervousness.
Nowtherearespecialuniversitycoursestohelpstudents.Inthesecourses,advisorsandpsychologiststrytohelpstudentsbyteachingthemtomanagetestanxiety.Suchacoursehelpsstudentslearntolivewithstressandnotfailbecauseofit.Firststudentstakeapracticetesttomeasuretheirworrylevel.Ifthetestsshowthattheirstresslevelishigh,thestudentscantakeashortcoursetomanagethefear.Thesecoursesteachstudentshowtorelaxtheirbodies.Theygettrainingtobecomecalminverytensesituations.Bycontrollingtheirnervousness,theycanlettheirmindsworkmoreeasily.Learnedinformationthencomesoutwithoutdifficultyonatest.
DoreenSykorasawimmediateresultsaftertakingsuchacourse.Shenowhasenthusiasmabouttherelaxationmethods.“Mostly,whatIdoisimaginemyselfinaverycalmplace.ThenIimaginemyselfpickingupapencil.Imoveslowlyandcarefully.Ibreatheeasilyandletallthetensionout.Witheachbreath,moreworryleavesme.Itreallyworkstoo.Mygradeshaveimprovedgreatly!
I’mreallydoingwellatMcGillnow.Thisrelaxationmethodworksnotonlyonexaminations,butithasimprovedtherestofmylifeaswell.”
ForHitoshiinTokyo,theresultsweremuchthesame.Heisenjoyingschoolalotmoreandlearningmore.
1.WhatisthesimilaritybetweenDoreenSykoraandHitoshiSakamoto?
A.Theyarestudentsfromthesameuniversity.
B.Theyfailedinalltheexaminations.
C.Theybothhadexperiencesoftestanxiety.
D.Theybothhadthesamepoorstudyinghabits.
2.Thephrase“blankout”inParagraph1refersto“_______.”
A.loseinterestintheexamB.refusetotaketheexam
C.getanextrapaperD.beunabletothinkclearly
3.What’sthepurposeofsomespecialuniversitystudent-helpcourses?
A.Tohelpstudentstoreducetestanxiety.
B.Toshowastresslevelexperiencedbystudents.
C.Tolearnmoreknowledgeabouttestanxiety.
D.Tohaveabetterunderstandingoftestanxiety.
【答案与解析】有些大学生患有考试焦虑症,不过现在好了,这些大学开设了特殊的课程来帮助他们缓解这种考试焦虑症。
1.C。
语义理解题。
从第1段最后一句话HitoshiSakamoto,ananthropology(人类学)studentatTempleUniversityinTokyoreportssimilarexperiences可以明显看出DoreenSykora和HitoshiSakamoto都患有考试焦虑症。
2.D。
词义猜测题。
DoreenSykora因考试时过度紧张和害怕,那当然是思维不清晰。
3.A。
语义理解题。
从文章第3段第2句话Inthesecourses,advisorsandpsychologiststrytohelpstudentsbyteachingthemtomanagetestanxiety可以看出大学开设这门特殊课程的目的。
(2)
Theaveragepersonlearnsmostofthe30000~40000wordswhosemeaningsheorsherecognizesbyhearingthemorgettingfamiliarwiththeminthecontextorsimplyabsorbingthemwithoutconscious(意识到的)effort.Thebestwaytobuildagoodvocabulary,therefore,istoreadagreatdealandtoparticipateinalotofgoodtalks.Therearerelativelyfewwordsthatwelearnpermanently(永久的)bypurposefullyreferringtodictionariesorkeepingwordlists.However,eventhoseextrafewareofvalue,andnoonewillmakeamistakebyworkingondevelopingalargervocabulary.Herearesomesuggestionsofhowtodoit.
Readplentyofgoodbooks.Whenyoucomeacrossanewword,oranewmeaningofanoldword,stopandseeifyoucanunderstanditfromitscontext.Ifyoucan't,andifyoucanmanagewithoutinterruptingthethoughtofthebooktoomuch,lookitupinadictionaryorasksomebodyandthenrepeatitsmeaningtoyourselfacoupleoftimes.Ifyouarereallyconscientious(认真的),writethewordanditsmeaninginapersonalvocabularylist—preferablyusingitinasentence,oryoucankeepaspecialvocabularynotebook.Gooverthelistfromtimetotime.Further,trytouseanewwordinwritingorconversationafewtimesoverthenextseveraldays.
Listentogoodtalksandbealerttonewwordsyouhearortonewmeaningsofwordsyoualreadyknow.Thentreatthemjustasyoutreatthenewwordsyouread.
Learnandbealerttothepartsofwords:
prefixes,suffixesandroots.Knowingthemenablesyoutomakeintelligentguessesaboutthemeaningofwords.
Ifyouarestudyingaforeignlanguage,bealerttowordsinthatlanguagewhichrelatetowordsinEnglish.Englishhasinherited(继承)orborrowedmuchofitsvocabularyof500000~600000wordsfromLatin,Greek,French,SpanishandGerman.
1.Whenyoumeetanewwordinreading,whatshouldyoudo?
A.Guessitsmeaning.B.Asksomebody.
C.Lookitupinadictionary.D.Alloftheabove.
2.Accordingtothispassage,thebestwaytobuildagoodvocabularyis_______.
A.torememberalotB.toreadagreatdeal
C.totakepartinalotofgoodtalksD.bothBandC
3.Thephrase“bealertto”inthethirdparagraphmaybestbereplacedby“_______”.
A.lookatB.payattentionto
C.writedownD.learnbyheart
4.Inthefourthparagraph,theword“them”refersto_______.
A.thepartsofwordsB.prefixes
C.suffixesD.roots
【答案与解析】怎样扩大词汇?
捷径是:
多读、多说、多听、多写。
1.D。
细节题。
从第2段第2、3句话可知答案为D。
2.D。
细节题。
只要看到第1段第2句话Thebestwaytobuildagoodvocabulary,therefore,istoreadagreatdealandtoparticipateinalotofgoodtalks可知答案为D。
3.B。
词义猜测题。
此处讲的是在“听”英语时如何对待生词的问题,根据我们“听”的经验选项A、C、D显然可排除。
4.A。
词义猜测题。
B、C、D三项都是属于thepartsofwords。
(3)
Answerthefollowingquestionsbyusingtheinformationtakenfromadictionarypage.(Youmayreadthequestionsfirst.)
jaguar:
n.atypeoflarge,yellow-coloredcatwithblackmarkingsfoundinthesouthwesternregionoftheU.S.andinCentralandSouthAmerica.
jargon:
1.n.speechthatdoesn’tmakesense.2.n.anunknownlanguagethatseemsstrangeorimpossibletounderstand.3.n.alanguagemadeupoftwoormoreotherlanguages:
HisjargonwasamixtureofFrenchandEnglish.4.n.thespecialvocabularyofafieldorprofession:
Herreportoncomputerswasfilledwithjargon.
jaunt:
1.n.atriptakenforfun.2.v.togoonabriefpleasanttrip:
WejauntedtothecountrylastSaturday.
javelin:
1.n.aspearmostcommonlyusedasweaponorinhunting.2.n.alightweightmetalorwoodenspearthatisthrownintrack-and-fieldcontests.3.n.thecontestinwhichajavelinisthrown.4.v.tostrike,aswithajavelin.
jazz:
1.n.atypeofmusicthatoriginatedinNewOrleansandischaracterizedbyrhythmicbeats.2.n.populardancemusicinfluencedbyjazz.3.n.slangemptytalk.4.ad.oforlikejazz:
ajazzband,jazzrecords.
Jennet:
n.asmallSpanishhorse.
1.Whichmeaningofthewordjavelinisusedinthesentencebelow?
Atthecompetition,Jackdrewhisarmbackandthrewthejavelin50yards.
A.Definition1B.Definition2
C.Definition3D.Definition4
2.Whichmeaningofthewordjargonisusedinthesentencebelow?
Doctorsoftenspeakinmedicaljargon.
A.Definition1B.Definition2
C.Definition3D.Definition4
3.Whatdoesthewordjazzmeaninthefollowingsentence?
Don’tgivemethatjazz,forIamapracticalperson.
A.rhythmicbeatsB.atypeofmusic
C.akindofdanceD.meaninglesstalk
【答案与解析】本题主要考查学生读书查字典的能力。
1.B。
推断题。
根据句子的描述:
在竞赛之中,先将手缩回,后将javelin掷出50码。
说明javelin是一种体育器材,从而可推知此题答案为B。
2.D。
推断题。
根据语境:
Doctorsspeakmedicaljargon.(医生说医学语言)。
从而可推知此题答案为D。
3.D。
推断题。
根据Don’tgivemethatjazz后面的forIamapracticalperson可推知答案为D。
(4)
Solongasteachersfailtodistinguish(differ)betweenteachingandlearning,theywillcontinuetoundertaketodoforchildrenthatwhichonlychildrencandoforthemselves.Teachingchildrentoreadisnotpassingreadingontothem.Itiscertainlynotendlesshoursspentinactivitiesaboutreading.Douglasinsiststhat“readingcannotbetaughtdirectlyandschoolsshouldstoptryingtodotheimpossible”.
Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferentprocesses.Theydifferinkindandfunction.Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentoplancleverlythemostefficient(有效的)systemforteachingthemselvestoread.Teachingisalsoapublicactivity:
Itcanbeseenandobserved.
Learningtoreadinvolvesallthateachindividualdoestounderstandtheworldofprintedlanguage.Almostallofitisprivate,forlearningisanoccupationofthemind,andthatprocessisnotopentopublicscrutiny.
Ifteacherandlearnerrolesarenotinterchangeable,whatthencanbedonethroughteachingthatwillaidthechildinthelongsearchforknowledge?
Smithhasoneprincipleruleforallteachinginstructions.“Makelearningtoreadeasy,whichmeansmakingreadingameaningful,enjoyableandfrequentexperienceforchildren.”
Whentherolesofteacherandlearnerareseenforwhattheyare,andwhenbothteacherandlearnerfulfillthemproperly,thenmuchofthepressureandfeelingoffailureforbothisgotridof.Learningtoreadismadeeasierwhenteacherscreateanenvironmentwherechildrenaregiventhechancetosolvetheproblemoflearningtoreadbylearning.
1.Theproblemwiththereadingcourseasmentionedinthefirstparagraphisthat_______.
A.toomuchtimeisspentinteachingaboutreading
B.readingtasksaregivenwithlittleguidance
C.itisoneofthe