自考英语二教材课文讲义unit1.docx

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自考英语二教材课文讲义unit1.docx

自考英语二教材课文讲义unit1

Unit1ThePowerofLanguage

I.Newwordsandexpressions

Newwords

1.criticaladj.有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的

2.non-fictionn.

3.positionn.观点；态度；立场

4.statementn.说明；说法；表态

5.questionv.表示疑问；怀疑

outofquestion/outofthequestion

6.evaluatev.估计；评价；评估

7.contextn.事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉

8.valuen.values[pl.]是非标准；价值观

valuable

invaluable=priceless

valueless

9.representv.描述；表现

representativeadj./n.

10.assertionn.明确肯定；断言

11.sufficientadj.足够的；充足的

sufficiency

insufficient

12.statisticn.statistics[pl.]统计数字；统计资料

13.integratev.（使）合并，成为一体

14.authorityn.专家；学术权威；泰斗

an/theauthorityonsth.

authorize

parev.比较；对比

compareAwithB

compareAtoB

16.subjectn.主题；题目；题材

17.consistentadj.

相符的；符合的

18.inconsistencyn.不一致

19.assumptionn.

假定；假设

20.casen.具体情况；事例

incase

incaseoffire

incasethat…

acaseinpoint

confirmed/suspectedcases

21.directlyadv.

直接地；径直地

22.identifyv.

找到；发现

23.validadj.

符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的

validityn.

invalid

有效性，正确（性）

24.credibleadj.可信的；可靠的

incredible=unbelievable

25.landmarkn.

（标志重要阶段的）里程碑

26.relevantadj.紧密相关的；切题的

relevancyn.

irrelevant

关联；恰当

27.currentadj.

现时发生的；当前的

28.appropriate

adj.合适的；恰当的

inappropriate

It's（not）appropriatethat

29.biasn.偏见；偏心；偏向

30.considerably

adv.非常；很；相当多地

consider

considering

considerable

considerate

consideration

31.Democratn.

（美国）民主党党员，民主党支持者民

32.Republicann.

（美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者

33.reflectv.

显示；表明；表达

34.informedadj.有学问的；有见识的

well-informed

ill-informed

PhrasesandExpressions

1.applyto使用；应用

2.putforth提岀；产生

3.take…intoaccount考虑到；顾及

4.accept/take…atfacevalue相信表面；信以为真

5.withagrainofsalt有保留地；持怀疑态度地

II.TextLearning

CriticalReading

（1）Criticalreadingappliestonon-fictionwritinginwhichtheauthorputsfortha

positionorseekstomakeastatement.Criticalreadingisactivereading.Itinvolves

morethanjust（不只是，不仅仅是）understandingwhatanauthorissaying.Critical

readinginvolvesquestioningandevaluatingwhattheauthorissaying,andformingyour

ownopinionsaboutwhattheauthorissaying.Herearethethingsyoushoulddotobe

acriticalreader.（启下句）

本部分重点及难点：

1.Criticalreadingappliestonon-fictionwritinginwhichtheauthorputsfortha

positionorseekstomakeastatement.

applytosb./sth.=beapplicabletosb./sth.

apply的派生词：

application,applicant,applicable

2Considerthecontextofwhatiswritten.Youmaybereadingsomethingthatwaswritten

byanauthorfromadifferentculturalcontextthanyours.

（2）Or,youmaybereading

somethingwrittensometimeagoinadifferenttimecontextthanyours.（3）Ineithercase,

youmustrecognizeandtakeintoaccountanydifferencesbetweenyourvaluesand

attitudesandthoserepresentedbytheauthor.

本部分重点及难点：

2.Or,youmaybereadingsomethingwrittensometimeagoinadifferenttimecontext

thanyours.

sometime

注意区分：

sometime/sometimes/sometimes

3.Ineithercase,youmustrecognizeandtakeintoaccountanydifferencesbetween

yourvaluesandattitudesandthoserepresentedbytheauthor.不论哪种情况，你必须注

意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。

those是代词，代替前面的复数名词valuesandattitudes。

代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用

that。

例如：

Thestudentsinyourclassaremorehard-workingthanthoseinhisclass.

Thevaluesoftheyoungpeopledifferfromthoseoftheirelders.

Yourvoiceismorebeautifulthatthatofyourclassmates.

Thepriceofthatbookishigherthanthatofthisone.

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】1.Thenecklacehersisteriswearingismuchmorebeautifulthanworn

byMary.

A.this

B.that

C.these

D.those

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查指代词those/that的用法。

英语句子中为了避免重复常使用代词代替前面岀

现过的名词。

代替前面的复数名词用those；代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用that。

本句中空

格处要填的词代替代替单数可数名词necklace，故选A。

此处that也可以换成theone。

【知识点】指代词those/that的用法

3Questionassertionsmadebytheauthor.Don'tacceptwhatiswrittenatfacevalue

Beforeacceptingwhatiswritten,becertainthattheauthorprovidessufficientsupportforanyassertionsmade.Lookforfacts,examples,andstatisticsthatprovidesupport.

（承上句）Also,looktoseeiftheauthorhasintegratedtheworkofauthorities.

4Comparewhatiswrittenwithotherwrittenworkonthesubject.（4）Looktoseethat

whatiswrittenisconsistentwithwhatothershavewrittenaboutthesubject.Ifthereareineonsistencies,carefullyevaluatethesupporttheauthorprovidesforthe

inconsistencies.（承上句）

本部分重点及难点：

4.Looktoseethatwhatiswrittenisconsistentwithwhatothershavewrittenabout

thesubject.

beconsistentwith与一致

consistvi.组成（of）；在于（in）;符合（with）

TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.

Thebeautyoftheplanconsistsinitssimplicity.

Thisdoesn'tconsistwithwhatyoutoldmeearlier.这和你先前告诉我的不符合。

consist的派生词：

consistent,inconsistent,consistency,inconsistency

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】2.Totellyouthetruth,Ireallyhopethatyouractionswillconsist_yourwordsthistime.

with

【答案】D

【解析】本题考查consist的用法。

consistof意为"由组成"；consistin意为"在于"；consistwith意为"与一致"，故选D。

consistat不存在。

该句的意思是"说实话，我真希望这次你的言行能一致“。

【知识点】consist的用法

5Analyzeassumptionsmadebytheauthor.（5）Assumptionsarewhatevertheauthormust

believeistrueinordertomakeassertions.Inmanycases,theauthor'sassumptions

arenotdirectlystated.Thismeansyoumustreadcarefullyinordertoidentifyany

assumptions.（承上启下句）Onceyouidentifyanassumption,youmustdecidewhetheror

nottheassumptionisvalid.

6Evaluatethesourcestheauthoruses.Indoingthis,becertainthatthesources

arecredible.Forexample,Einsteinisacrediblesourceiftheauthoriswritingabout

landmarkachievementsinphysics.Alsobecertainthatthesourcesare

relevant.Einsteinisnotarelevantsourcewhenthesubjectispoetry.（承上句）Finally

if_the_authoris_writingabout_a_subject_inits_currentstate,_be_sure_that_thesources_

arecurrent（启下句）.Forexample,studiesdonebyEinsteinintheearly20thcentury

maynotbeappropriateifthewriterisdiscussingthecurrentstateofknowledgein

physics.

⑦Identifyanypossibleauthorbias.（6）AwrittendiscussionofAmericanpolitics

willlikelyiookconsiderablydifferentdependingonwhetherthewriterisaDemocrat

oraRepublican.（7）Whatiswrittenmayverywellreflectabiasedposition.Youneed

totakethispossiblebiasintoaccountwhenreadingwhattheauthorhaswrittenwith

"agrainofsalt."

⑧Bybeingacriticalreader,youwillbecomebetterinformedandmaychangeyourviewsasappropriate.

本部分重点及难点：

5.Assumptionsarewhatevertheauthormustbelieveistrueinordertomakeassertions.

whatever引导的是表语从句，不能换成nomatterwhat。

名词性从句（主语，宾语，表语，同

位语从句）中，”疑问词ever"不能换成"nomatte叶疑问词”，状语从句中可以换用。

例如：

Whoevercomestoourpartyiswelcome.（不能换成nomatterwho…）

Hewilllendahelpinghandtowhoeverneedshishelp.（不能换）

Hewillbuywhateverhissonwants.（不能换）

Whateveryoudo,Iwillsupportyou.（能换成nomatterwhat…）

6.AwrittendiscussionofAmericanpoliticswilllikelylookconsiderablydifferentdependingonwhetherthewriterisaDemocratoraRepublican.

likely在该句中是副词

likelyadj./adv.

belikelytodosth.

It'slikelythat…

alikelyresult

abiasedposition

bebiasedto/toward（s）/against

反义词：

unbiased

P111BridgingtheGap

Directions:

Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.

Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.

解题方法

把词分类

动词

名词

形容词

副词

define

action

powerful

internally

express

tears

personal

shape

good

respond

Languageisoneofthethingsthatsetsusapartasbeings,oneofthethingsthat

essentially1definesusashumans.Whenlanguageisusedwellitcanelicitverydeep

feelinginothers,motivateothersto2actionanddefinethenatureofourrelationships.

Sometimesinpoetrythejuxtaposition（并列）oftwowordsoracertainphrasecan

bring3tearstotheeyes,callupawholehostofimageryandmoveusdeeply.Wehave

seenlanguagerecentlyusedinthepoliticsofpersuasion,usedfor4goodorill-

dependingonyourviewpoint.Whenweuselanguageto5express.ourtruefeelingsto

someoneitcanopenanddeepentheconnectionbetweenus.Languageisa

very6powerfultool.Howweuselanguageshapesourworldboth7internallyandexternally.

Howyouuseself-talk-whatyousaytoyourselfaboutyourselfandabouttheworld

directly8shapes（塑造，使成形）yourexperieneeofbothyourselfandtheworld.How

youdelivercommunicationshapesthewaytheworld9respondstoyou.Wecanuselanguagemoreeffectivelyinbothspheres:

internalandexternalanddirectlyinflueneethehealth

andpowerofour10personalrelationshipsandourbusinessrelationships.

I.Newwordsandexpressions

Newwords

1.confideneen.自信心；把握