全国高考英语试题及答案辽宁卷.docx
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全国高考英语试题及答案辽宁卷
2014普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(辽宁卷)
英语
注意事项:
1.本试卷分第卷和第卷两部分.答卷前,考试务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上.
2.作答时,将答案写在答题卡上.写在本试卷上无效.
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和卡题卡一并交回.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中.选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
A
Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops(笔记本电脑).
Studentsarcincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility(清晰度).Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught.
Researchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotes"mindlessly"bytakingdownwordforwordwhattheprofessorssaid
Inthefirstexperiment,studentsweregiveneitheralaptoporpenandpaper.Theylistenedtothesamelecturesandweretoldtousetheirusualnote-takingskills、Thirtyminutesafterthetalk,theywereexaminedontheirabilitytorememberfactsandonhowwelltheyunderstoodconcepts.
Theresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhand、However,thetypistsperformedworseatrememberingandapplyingtheconcepts、Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhenitcametomemorizingfacts.
Theresearchers'reportsaid,"Whilemorenotesarebeneficial,ifthenotesaretakenmindlessly,asismorelikelythecaseonalaptop,thebenefitdisappears."
Inanotherexperimentaimedattestinglong-termmemory,studentstooknotesasbeforebutweretestedaweekafterthelecture、Thistime,thestudentswhowrotenotesbyhandperformedsignificantlybetterontheexam.
Thesetwoexperimentssuggestthathandwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.
21、Moreandmorestudentsfavorlaptopsfornote-takingbecausetheycan、.
A、writemorenotesB、digestconceptsbetterC、gethigherscoresD、understandlecturesbetter
22、Whiletakingnotes,laptopuserstendtobe、.
A、skillfulB、mindlessC、thoughtfulD、tireless
23、Theauthorofthepassageaimsto、.
A、examinetheimportanceoflong-termmemoryB、stressthebenefitoftakingnotesbyhand
C、explaintheprocessoftakingnotesD、promotetheuseoflaptops
24、Thepassageislikelytoappearin、.
A、anewspaperadvertisementB、acomputertextbookC、asciencemagazineD、afinancereport
B
(Q=Question;A=Answer)
SituationI
Q:
Ifsomeonesitsrightnexttomeinanemptymovietheater,isitrudetomove?
A:
Maybe,butnobodywillfaultyouforit、Chancesarethatclosesitterdoesn'trealizehedisturbsyou,sohemay
missyourannoyance、Youundoubtedlyaren'tthefirstpersonhe'smetwhoneedsenoughroom、Forgivehis
badjudgment,movequietlyandenjoytheshow.
SituationII
Q:
IfIusethebathroomatastore,doIneedtobuysomething?
A:
Considerfrequencyandurgency、Isthisaone-timeoranemergency?
Ifso,youdon'thavetobuyanything,but
itwouldbekindifyoudid、However,ifyouregularlyusethebathroomatthisplace,thenyouareacustomer,
andyoushouldactlikeone.
SituationIII
Q:
Ifsomeoneistalkingloudlyonthebus,isthereanicewaytoaskhimtokeepitdown?
A:
No、Tryothermeans.1)Stareathimuntilhegetsawareofitandquietsdown、2)Liftyourfingerinasilence
motion(动作)andsmile、3)Putonearphonesandignorehim.
SituationIV
Q:
IfIremembermyfriend'sbirthdayadaylate,shouldIapologizeorjustwishherahappybirthdaylikenothing
happened?
A:
Thisisthereasonwhythewordbelatedwasinvented、"Happybelatedbirthday!
"isshortfor:
"Well,IknowI
forgot,butthenIremembered、Forgivemeandhappybirthday."
SituationV
Q:
CanIlieaboutseeingatextbecauseIwastoobusyorlazytorespond(回复)toit?
A:
Don'tlie、Receivingatextdoesnotmeanyouneedtorespondtoit、Whywasteaperfectlygoodliewhenthe
truthwillserve?
"Yes,"youcansayifeverasked,"Isawit."Noexplanationisneededastowhyyoudon't
respond.
25、Youwillgetannoyedinatheaterwhen、.
A、apersonistooactiveB、apersonistoorudetoyou
C、apersontalkstooloudlyD、apersonsitstooclosetoyou
26、Howwillyouquietsomeonedowninapublicplace?
A、Bymakingfunofhimcontinuously、B、Bylookingpurposefullyathim.
C、Bytalkingtohimdirectly、D、Bypointingangrilyathim.
27、Theunderlinedword"belated"inSituationIVprobablymeans、.
A、predictedB、returnedC、cancelledD、delayed
28、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A、Modernwaystomindyourmanners、B、Differentwaystochangeothers'manners.
C、Propermannerstoofferhelptoothers、D、Goodmannerstotalktopeople.
C
Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?
UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined、AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas、Infact,theoppositeistrue:
treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition"dependingonwhoneedsit".
Nitrogen(氮)andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi(真菌)networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy、Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons(神经元)inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.
Simardtalksabout"mothertrees",usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend、Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow、Whenhumanscutdown"mothertrees"withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex"treesocieties"orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.
"Wedidn'ttakeanynoticeofit"Simardsayssadly、"Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemchance."Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.
29、Theunderlinedsentence"theoppositeistrue"inParagraph2probablymeansthattrees、
A、competeforsurvivalB、protecttheirownwealth
C、dependoneachotherD、providesupportfordyingtrees
30、"Mothertrees"areextremelyimportantbecausethey.
A、lookthelargestinsizeintheforestB、passonnutritiontoyoungtrees
C、seemmorelikelytobecutdownbyhumansD、knowmoreaboutthecomplex"treesocieties"
31、Theunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphrefersto.
A、how"treesocieties"workB、howtreesgrowold
C、howforestryindustrydevelopsD、howyoungtreessurvive
32、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A、OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumansB、YoungTreesAreInNeedOfProtection
C、TreesAreMoreAwesomeThanYouThinkD、TreesContributeToOurSociety
D
TravisisthemanagerofG&Gwhereheisresponsibleforfortyemployees(雇员)andprofits(利润)ofover$2millionperyear、He'sneverlatetowork、Hedoesnotgetupsetonthejob、Whenoneofhisemployeesstartedcryingafteracustomerscreamedather,Travistookheraway、"Yourworkinguniformisyourshelter,"hetoldher、"Nothinganyonesayswilleverhurtyou、Youwillalwaysbeasstrongasyouwanttobe."
TravispickedupthatlectureinoneofhisG&Gtrainingcourses,aneducationprogramthatbeganonhisfirstdayandcontinuesthroughoutanemployee'soccupation、Thetraininghas,Travissays,changedhislife、G&Ghastaughthimhowtolive,howtofocus,howtogettoworkontime,andhowtomasterhisemotions(情绪)、Mostimportantly,ittaughthimwillpower.
Atthecenterofthateducationisanextremefocusonanall-importanthabit;willpower、Dozensofcasesshowthatwillpoweristhesinglemostimportanthabitforaperson'ssuccess.
Andthebestwaytostrengthenwillpoweristomakeitintoahabit、"Sometimesitlookslikepeoplewithgreatself-controlaren'tworkinghard—butthat'sbecausethey'vemadeitautomatic,"AngelaDuckworth,oneoftheUniversityofPennsylvania
researcherssaid、"Theirwillpoweroccurswithoutthemhavingtothinkaboutit."
Thecompanyspentmillionsofdollarsdevelopingprogramsofstudytotrain
employeesonself-control、Managerswroteworkbooksthatserveasguidestohowtomakewillpowerahabitinworkers'lives、Thosecoursesarc,inpart,whyG&Ghasgrownfromasleepycompanyintoalargeonewithmorethanseventeenthousandstoresandprofitsofmorethan$10billionayear.
33、WeloamfromParagraph2thatemployeesinG&Gmust.
A、learntogivelecturesB、attendeducationprograms
C、designaworkinguniformD、developacommonhobby
34、Willpowerwillbecomeahabitwhenemployeescan.
A、focusontheprofitsB、benefitfromthejobC、protectthemselveswellD、controltheirfeelingwell
35、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A、G&Ghasgrownintoalargecompany、B、G&Gwillspendhalfitsprofitstrainingemployees.
C、G&Gmaybecomemoresuccessfulinthefuture、D、G&Ghastoproducemoreworkbooksformanagers.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.选项中有两项为多余选项.
Eyesightplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife、Everywakingmoment,theeyesareworkingtoseetheworldaroundus、OverfortypercentofAmericansworryaboutlosingeyesight,butit'seasytoincludestepsintoourdailylifetoensurehealthyeyes、Herearefivesuggestionsforalifetimeofhealthyeyesight:
•Scheduleyearlyexams、36Expertsadviseparentstobringbabies6to12monthsofageto
thed