瑞普凡温克尔RipVanWinkle中英文对照与summary.docx

瑞普凡温克尔RipVanWinkle中英文对照与summary.docx

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瑞普凡温克尔RipVanWinkle中英文对照与summary

作者简介：

华盛顿·欧文（Washington Irving）（1789-1895）， 美国浪漫主义作家，也是一个纯文学作家，他的写作态度是”writing for pleasure and to produce pleasure"。

欧文的代表作有《见闻札记》（Sketch Book），这是第一部伟大的青少年读物，也是美国本土作家第一部成功的小说。

由于欧文对美国文学的伟大贡献，他获得了“美国文学之父”的光荣称号。

这篇短篇小说，《瑞普·凡·温克尔》便是摘自《见闻札记》.

RipVanWinkle

APosthumousWritingofDiedrichKnickerbocker

ByWashingtonIrving

（THEFOLLOWINGtalewasfoundamongthepapersofthelateDiedrichKnickerbocker，anoldgentlemanofNewYork，whowasverycuriousintheDutchhistoryoftheprovince，andthemannersofthedescendantsfromitsprimitivesettlers。

Hishistoricalresearches,however,didnotliesomuchamongbooksasamongmen;fortheformerarelamentablyscantyonhisfavoritetopics；whereashefoundtheoldburghers,andstillmoretheirwives，richinthatlegendaryloresoinvaluabletotruehistory.Whenever,therefore,hehappeneduponagenuineDutchfamily，snuglyshutupinitslow—roofedfarmhouse,underaspreadingsycamore,helookeduponitasalittleclaspedvolumeofblack—letter，andstudieditwiththezealofabookworm。

TheresultofalltheseresearcheswasahistoryoftheprovinceduringthereignoftheDutchgovernors，whichhepublishedsomeyearssince.Therehavebeenvariousopinionsastotheliterarycharacterofhiswork,and，totellthetruth，itisnotawhitbetterthanitshouldbe。

Itschiefmeritisitsscrupulousaccuracy,whichindeedwasalittlequestionedonitsfirstappearance，buthassincebeencompletelyestablished;anditishowadmittedintoallhistoricalcollectionsasabookofunquestionableauthority。

Theoldgentlemandiedshortlyafterthepublicationofhiswork,andnowthatheisdeadandgoneitcannotdomuchharmtohismemorytosaythathistimemighthavebeenmuchbetteremployedinweightierlabors.He，however，wasapttoridehishobbyinhisownway;andthoughitdidnowandthenkickupthedustalittleintheeyesofhisneighborsandgrievethespiritofsomefriends，forwhomhefeltthetruestdeferenceandaffection，yethiserrorsandfolliesareremembered“moreinsorrowthaninanger";anditbeginstobesuspectedthatheneverintendedtoinjureoroffend.Buthoweverhismemorymaybeappreciatedbycritics，itisstillhelddearamongmanyfolkwhosegoodopinioniswellworthhaving；particularlybycertainbiscuitbakers，whohavegonesofarastoimprinthislikenessontheirNewYearcakes，andhavethusgivenhimachanceforimmortalityalmostequaltothebeingstampedonaWaterloomedaloraQueenAnne'sfarthing.）

ByWoden，GodofSaxons，

FromwhencecomesWensday,thatisWodensday,

TruthisathingthateverIwillkeep

UntothylkedayinwhichIcreepinto

Mysepulchre—

        CARTWRIGHT。

WhoeverhasmadeavoyageuptheHudsonmustremembertheCatskillMountains。

TheyareadismemberedbranchofthegreatAppalachianfamily,andareseenawaytothewestoftheriver，swellinguptoanobleheight，andlordingitoverthesurroundingcountry.Everychangeofseason,everychangeofweather,indeed,everyhouroftheday，producessomechangeinthemagicalhuesandshapesofthesemountains,andtheyareregardedbyallthegoodwives，farandnear,asperfectbarometers.Whentheweatherisfairandsettled，theyareclothedinblueandpurple,andprinttheirboldoutlinesonthecleareveningsky；butsometimes，whentherestofthelandscapeiscloudless,theywillgatherahoodofgrayvaporsabouttheirsummits,which，inthelastraysofthesettingsun，willglowandlightuplikeacrownofglory。

Atthefootofthesefairymountainsthevoyagermayhavedescriedthelightsmokecurlingupfromavillagewhoseshingleroofsgleamamongthetrees，justwherethebluetintsoftheuplandmeltawayintothefreshgreenofthenearerlandscape.Itisalittlevillageofgreatantiquity,havingbeenfoundedbysomeoftheDutchcolonists，intheearlytimesoftheprovince，justaboutthebeginningofthegovernmentofthegoodPeterStuyvesant（mayherestinpeace！

）,andthereweresomeofthehousesoftheoriginalsettlersstandingwithinafewyears,withlatticewindows,gablefrontssurmountedwithweathercocks，andbuiltofsmallyellowbricksbroughtfromHolland。

Inthatsamevillage,andinoneoftheseveryhouses（which,totelltheprecisetruth,wassadlytime-wornandweather-beaten），therelivedmanyyearssince，whilethecountrywasyetaprovinceofGreatBritain，asimple,good—naturedfellow，ofthenameofRipVanWinkle。

HewasadescendantoftheVanWinkleswhofiguredsogallantlyinthechivalrousdaysofPeterStuyvesant，andaccompaniedhimtothesiegeofFortChristina。

Heinherited,however，butlittleofthemartialcharacterofhisancestors.Ihaveobservedthathewasasimple,good-naturedman；hewas,moreover，akindneighborandanobedient,henpeckedhusband.Indeed，tothelattercircumstancemightbeowingthatmeeknessofspiritwhichgainedhimsuchuniversalpopularity；forthosemenaremostapttobeobsequiousandconciliatingabroadwhoareunderthedisciplineofshrewsathome。

Theirtempers,doubtless,arerenderedpliantandmalleableinthefieryfurnaceofdomestictribulation,andacurtainlectureisworthallthesermonsintheworldforteachingthevirtuesofpatienceandlong—suffering。

Atermagantwifemay，therefore,insomerespects,beconsideredatolerableblessing;andifso，RipVanWinklewasthriceblessed。

Certainitisthathewasagreatfavoriteamongallthegoodwivesofthevillage,who,asusualwiththeamiablesex,tookhispartinallfamilysquabbles，andneverfailed,whenevertheytalkedthosemattersoverintheireveninggossipings,tolayalltheblameonDameVanWinkle.Thechildrenofthevillage，too，wouldshoutwithjoywheneverheapproached.Heassistedattheirsports,madetheirplaythings,taughtthemtoflykitesandshootmarbles,andtoldthemlongstoriesofghosts,witches,andIndians。

Wheneverhewentdodgingaboutthevillage,hewassurroundedbyatroopofthem,hangingonhisskirts,clamberingonhisback，andplayingathousandtricksonhimwithimpunity；andnotadogwouldbarkathimthroughouttheneighborhood。

ThegreaterrorinRip’scompositionwasaninsuperableaversiontoallkindsofprofitablelabor。

Itcouldnotbefromthewantofassiduityorperseverance；forhewouldsitonawetrock,witharodaslongandheavyasaTartar’slance，andfishalldaywithoutamurmur，eventhoughheshouldnotbeencouragedbyasinglenibble.Hewouldcarryafowlingpieceonhisshoulder，forhourstogether，trudgingthroughwoodsandswamps,anduphillanddowndale,toshootafewsquirrelsorwildpigeons.Hewouldneverevenrefusetoassistaneighborintheroughesttoil，andwasaforemostmanatallcountryfrolicsforhuskingIndiancorn，orbuildingstonefences。

Thewomenofthevillage,too，usedtoemployhimtoruntheirerrands,andtodosuchlittleoddjobsastheirlessobliginghusbandswouldnotdoforthem;inaword，Ripwasreadytoattendtoanybody’sbusinessbuthisown；butastodoingfamilyduty，andkeepinghisfarminorder,itwasimpossible.

 Infact,hedeclareditwasofnousetoworkonhisfarm;itwasthemostpestilentlittlepieceofgroundinthewholecountry；everythingaboutitwentwrong，andwouldgowrong，inspiteofhim。

Hisfenceswerecontinuallyfallingtopieces;hiscowwouldeithergoastrayorgetamongthecabbages;weedsweresuretogrowquickerinhisfieldsthananywhereelse;therainalwaysmadeapointofsettinginjustashehadsomeoutdoorworktodo;sothatthoughhispatrimonialestatehaddwindledawayunderhismanagement，acrebyacre,untiltherewaslittlemoreleftthanamerepatchofIndiancornandpotatoes,yetitwastheworst—conditionedfarmintheneighborhood。

Hischildren,too,wereasraggedandwildasiftheybelongedtonobody.HissonRip,anurchinbegotteninhisownlikeness，promisedtoinheritthehabits，withtheoldclothesofhisfather.Hewasgenerallyseentroopinglikeacoltathismother’sheels,equippedinapairofhisfather’scast-offgalligaskins，whichhehadmuchadotoholdupwithonehand，asafineladydoeshertraininbadweather.

 RipVanWinkle,however,wasoneofthosehappymortals,offoolish，well—oileddispositions，whotaketheworldeasy，eatwhitebreadorbrown,whichevercanbegotwithleastthoughtortrouble，andwouldratherstarveonapennythanworkforapound。

Iflefttohimself,hewouldhavewhistledlifeaway，inperfectcontentment；buthiswifekeptcontinuallydinninginhisearsabouthisidleness，hiscarelessness,andtheruinhewasbringingonhisfamily。

Morning，noon,andnight，hertonguewasincessantlygoing,andeverythinghesaidordidwassuretoproduceatorrentofhouseholdeloquence.Riphadbutonewayofreplyingtoalllecturesofthekind,andthat,byfrequentuse，hadgrownintoahabit.Heshruggedhisshoulders，shookhishead，castuphiseyes，butsaidnothing.This，however,alwaysprovokedafreshvolleyfromhiswife,sothathewasfaintodrawoffhisforces,andtaketotheoutsideofthehouse-theonlysidewhich，intruth,belongstoahenpeckedhusband。

Rip’ssoledomesticadherentwashisdogWolf,whowasasmuchhenpeckedashismaster；forDameVanWinkleregardedthemascompanionsinidleness,andevenlookeduponWolfwithanevileye，asthecauseofhismaster'ssooftengoingastray。

Trueitis,inallpointsofspiritbefittinganhonorabledog,hewasascourageousananimalaseverscouredthewoods—butwhatcouragecanwithstandtheever-duringandall—besettingterrorsofawoman’stongue?

ThemomentWolfenteredthehousehiscrestfell，histaildroopedtotheground,orcurledbetweenhislegs；hesneakedaboutwitha