短文改错专题训练.docx
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短文改错专题训练
2011年高考英语热点专题复习——短文改错
英语科考试说明指出,短文改错(高考分值10分)宗旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性,通过阅读测试考生发现、判断、纠正错误的能力,来考查他们在句法、语法、惯用法及逻辑推理等方面的综合运用能力。
一.短文改错题的设计规则及特点要求改错的短文,题材各异,但多为记叙文、应用文和说明文等。
内容相当广泛。
每篇短文字数约100个单词左右,分10行,每行(不一定是一个完整的句子)都标有序号,每行为一题,分别出现四种情况:
1。
全行正确无误。
2。
该行有一个用错的词。
3。
该行有一个多余的词。
4。
该行缺漏了一个词。
要求考生根据短文的内容及其各行的语言形式,语法要求和逻辑意义等具体情况,逐步做出判断,找出并改正可能存在的错误。
具体做法如下:
1.该行正确无误,在该行右边的横线上划上一个勾(∨);2。
该行缺漏一个词,那么在缺词处加一漏字符号∧,并在该行右边的横线上写出所缺漏的词。
3。
该行多一个词,把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。
4。
该行错一个词,在错词下面划一横线,并在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
二.短文改错解题方法及技巧
1.通读全文,了解大意,慎重做题
初读时应注意观察,先一个意群一个意群的找出一些显而易见的错误,以免一些不必要的麻烦,这样还节省时间。
在了解大意的基础上,判断出短文所使用的时态、语态、短文整体的逻辑性及所处的语境。
然后,从整体篇章结构、内容意思和逻辑上正确选词。
因为语篇是判断正误和改正错误的依据。
因此,通读全文,初步判断有无错误,切忌拿起题就盲目的改错,不能只见树木不见树林。
2.认真复读,确定答案
根据上下文之间的内在联系和语言的逻辑关系,要把做好的答案进行复读,从固定搭配、习惯用语、词的用法、语法规则、语言表达习惯和逻辑推理上考虑,进行最后确定,使之达到语句通顺流畅,上下文连惯,词语搭配正确等。
否则在进行修改。
切忌草率做题。
3.注意答题规则,降低错误率
答题时不要忽视答题要求,改正后的答案书写须与题目要求一致。
从NMET2003-----2010年的高考短文改错题来看(仅NEMT2007年的高考短文改错:
缺词或多词的每一项均为2行,对的为1行,有错误的为5行),10行中,正确的仅一行,多词的为2行,缺词的为1行,有错误的均为6行。
这样如果你的答案缺少这四类的某一类,或某一类的比例过大,这就说明不正常了,需要再检查,以降低错误率,使你能得到更高的成绩。
就2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题的短文改错题为例:
When I first learned to write in English, I ran into many 76._______difficulties. The main problem was in that I always thought 77._______in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English .. 78.________My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her 79._________advice and should put down 100 words or so each day . 80.________Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was 81.________learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote 82.________a little story and showed to my teacher . She liked it 83.________very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was 84.________a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85.________
参考答案:
76.正确. 77.去掉in 78.把 anything 改为 everything 79.把 my改为 a
80.去掉 should 81.talk改为 talking 82.me改为 myself 83.缺个it
84.reads改为 read 85.word改为 words
解析:
1.一行正确
2.多余的词为两行.
3.缺漏词的为一行.
4.有错误的为六行.
真题训练:
2010年全国各省、市高考试题(短文改错试题)
1.2010年(全国卷II)
IfIhavethehonortobechosetoworkforthe76.___________
29thOlympicGames,Iwillatfirstimprovemy77.___________
EnglishsothatIcantalkeasilyaboutforeignvisitor.78.___________
Second,Iwilllearnmoreabouthistoryofthe79.__________
Olympicsasgoodasthe2008OlympicGames.Third,80.__________
sinceIwasfamiliarwithBeijing,Icanhelpvisitorsfind81.__________
theirwaysinthecity.Finally,Ishouldbeabletotell82.__________
visitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshow83._________
themtheirgreatachievements.Inshort,Iwilldo84._________
mybesttohelpmakingtheGamesasuccess.85._________
2.2010年(全国卷I)
DearAlice,
Ihavejustgotsomegoodmewstotelltoyou.76.______
Iwinanationalprizeforpaintinglastweek.77.______
Myfatherwassopleasingthathesuggested78.______
IgotoEnglandforaholiday.I’dliketostaying79.______
Thereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterest80.______
OrpracticingmyEnglishaswell.We’vebeen81.______
Writingtoeachfornearlyayearnow.Ihave82.______
oftendreamedoftalkfacetowithyou.83.______
Iimagineyou’llbeatvacationyourselfbythat84.______
Time.Perhapswecouldgoouttodosome85.______
sightseeingtogether.
Best,
Lily
3.2010年(辽宁卷)
ItisfiveyearsnowsinceIgraduatefromNo.3High76.
School.LastSaturday,theclassthatIwasonhelda77.
get-together,whichtookusalongtime∧prepare.It78.
wasindeednoteasytogetinthetouchwitheverybody79.
andsetawelltimeforallofus.Weallenjoyed80.
thispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespent81._____
togetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith.Itwas82.
apitywhichsomeofuswerenotpresentastheyhad83.
goneabroadforfurtherstudies,buttheycalledback84.
orsentgreetingcardfromdifferentplaces.85.
4.2010年(陕西卷)
JohnBrownisLondontaxidriverwholovegoingtothe76._____
Theatre.Lastweekhismothergavehimtwoticketsforaplay.77._____
TheticketswereonSundayevening.ThenJohnreadsome78._____
Reviewsoftheplay,whichallsaiditwasaterriblyone!
He79._____
Wouldn’tgotoseeaplaythatnoonelikedit,Sotwohours80._____
Beforetheplaystarted,helefttheticketonthebackseatof81._____
Histaxi,Perhapssomeonewhowanted∧seetheplaywouldtake82._____
Them.However,whileJohnwentbackhome,theticketswere83._____
Stillthere.Inthefact,therewerefourticketsontheseat.84._____
Someonehasplacedanotherpairofticketsontopofthem!
85._____
5.2010年(天津卷)
LastsummerIgotoAmericaandstudiedatalanguage56._____
school.Ihadmanywonderfulexperience,butIalso57._____
hadasadone.Oneday,theschoolheld∧party,where58._____
I∧invitedtotalkaboutTianjin.Afterthattheyaskedmealotof59._____
thingsaboutChina.ButIcouldn’texplainthemwithEnglish60._____
clearly.Ifeltsadly.Ilearntalessonfromthisexperience.I61._____
havealreadystudiedEnglishforeightyears,∧Ican’tuseit62._____
verygood.ImustworkhardtoimprovemyspokenEnglish63._____
sothatIwillnotbeabletocommunicatefreelywithforeigners.64._____
IhopeIcanbeabridgebetweenChinaandotherscountries65._____
inthefuture.
6.2010年(四川卷)
Assummervacationarecomingsoon,myclassmatesare56._____
tryingveryhardlytogettrainticketstogohome.But57._____
Ihavemadeupmymindstospendthevacationfarfrom58._____
homeforfirsttimeinmylife.Myparentshaveagreed59._____
tovisitingme,andIwillhaveadifferentvacation.When60.____
theycamehere,Iwillshowthemaroundmyuniversity61._____
andthecityjustaswell.Ihavedecidedtobuythem62.____
somenicegifts.Itwillbeabigsurprisingforthem.My63._____
parentshavedonealotforme,andIthinkitishightime64._____
thatIdidanythingspecialtoexpressmythanks.65._____
7.2010年(重庆卷)
TheStoryaboutGrowthismyfavoriteAmerican
TVplaybecauseitisveryinterested.Theplay76.
tellshumorousstoriesthathappenintheGreen’s77.
family.Withsuchstoriesitmakepeoplethink78.
aboutlife,butthereforeattractstheaudience.Itis79.
alsoawindowwhichwecanlearnaboutAmerican80.
society.Andthereweremanymeaningfulthingsthat81.
areworththinkof,suchastherelationshipbetween82.
parentsandchildreninalotofAmericanfamily.It83.
isquitedifferentfromthoseinChina.Theplayis84.
verypopular.We’dbetternottomissthechance85.
toenjoyit.
8.2010年(安徽卷)
Oneday,whilemyfriendandIwastravelingthrough76__________
Germany,wewerenotveryhungrybutweonlyhadalittle77__________
money.Wedecidedstopatavillagemarkettobuy78__________
somethingtoeat.Wechoosethecheapestbiscuitsand79.__________
ateitunderatree.Wethoughtthebiscuitsweregreat.80__________
“Let’sgotsomemore,”Isaid,“They’recheapandthey81__________
reallytastewell.”MyfriendcouldreadsomeGerman,but82__________
Icouldn’t,andIgaveherthebiscuitbagtofindthename.83._________
Shelookedatitandstartedtolaugh,“Howareyoulaughing?
”84._________
Iasked.“Becausethey’redogbiscuits!
”Shesaid.85._________
9.2010年(福建卷)
DearKen,
Iamveryexcitingtolearnthatyou’recomingto76.
BeijingfortheOlympic.Bothmyparentmissyoua77
lot.Sodoourfriend,Cathy,Augustisthebesttime78
oftheyeartovisitBeijing,becauseofthereisonly79
afewrainandtheweatherisneithertoohotnortoo80
cold.TherearesomanyplacesIwanttotakeyouto81
afterIfinishmyworklikeavolunteer.Whenyoucome,82
youcanstaywithourselves.Myhouseisaboutthreekilometers83
farawayfromtheNationalStadium,alsoknownas84
the“Bird’sNest”,whereopeningceremonywillbeheld.85
Bestregards,
Janet
真题答案:
1.2010年(全国卷II)
IfIhavethehonortobechosetoworkforthe76.chosen
29thOlympicGames,Iwillatfirstimprovemy77.at
EnglishsothatIcantalkeasilyaboutforeignvisitors.78.with/to
Second,Iwilllearnmoreabout/\historyofthe79.the
Olympicsasgoodasthe2008OlympicGames.Third,80.well
sinceIwasfamiliarwithBeijing,Icanhelpvisitorsfind81.am
theirwaysinthecity.Finally,Ishouldbeabletotell82.way
visitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshow83.\/
themtheirgreatachievements.Inshort,Iwilldo84.our
mybesttohelpmakingtheGamesasuccess.85.make
2.2010年(全国卷I)
DearAlice,
Ihavejustgotsomegoodmewstotelltoyou.76.去掉to
Iwinanationalprizeforpaintinglastweek.77.won
Myfatherwassopleasingthathesuggested78.pleased/happy
IgotoEnglandforaholiday.I’dliketostaying79.stay
Thereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterest80.places
orpracticingmyEnglishaswell.We’vebeen81.and
Writingtoeach∧fornearlyayearnow.Ihave82.other
oftendreamedoftalkfacetowithyou.83.talking
Iimagineyou’llbeatvacationyourselfbythat84.on
Time.Perhapswecouldgoouttodosome85.√
sightseeingtogether.
Best,
Lily
3.2010年(辽宁卷)
ItisfiveyearsnowsinceIgraduatefromNo.3High76.graduated
School.LastSaturday,theclassthatIwasonhelda77.in
get-together,whichtookusalongtime∧prepare.It78.to
wasindeednoteasytogetinthetouchwitheverybody79.去掉the
andsetawelltimeforallofus.Weallenjoyed80.good
thispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespent81.remembering
tog