GRE高频Issue题库.docx

GRE高频Issue题库.docx

《GRE高频Issue题库.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《GRE高频Issue题库.docx（69页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

GRE高频Issue题库

二十六次

Issue13/46/70/102/112（Old4+94）教育

（3）

46.Universitiesshouldrequireeverystudenttotakeavarietyofcoursesoutsidethestudent'sfieldofstudy.大学应该要求每个学生选修自己专业以外的各种学科。

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusstheextenttowhichyouagreeordisagreewiththerecommendationandexplainyourreasoningforthepositionyoutake.Indevelopingandsupportingyourposition,describespecificcircumstancesinwhichadoptingtherecommendationwouldorwouldnotbeadvantageousandexplainhowtheseexamplesshapeyourposition.

1everysubjectdoesnotexistindependently

对学好本学科有说明，因为知识在逻辑体系上是互通的，各个学科之间的相互交织。

研究经济学的适当学习数学知识有利于对经济学的更深理解，如philosophyisthefoundationofallsubject

达芬奇DaVinci即是科学家也是艺术家，他对人体解剖anatomy的深入了解，才使得他的油画十分优美，传神。

Sincevariousdisciplines

wereinterrelated,thestudyofcoursesoutsidethestudents’ownfieldmaybenefitthestudyof

theirownmajor.如：

力学中的理论可用于美术；如：

公共行政学生需要了解心理学、管理学、政治学的发展

2在全球化进程的今天，只学习某个专业内的知识已经不能满足需要了Intoday’stechnologicallyadvancedsocietyitisimpossibleforthosewhofocustheirattentionontheconcerningfieldstosatisfytheneedsforthefuturesociety.

首先，广泛的学习各种知识能够拓宽视野。

（broadenourvision|cultivatefull-blownmarketofideas|abroadspectrumofopinions|getclosertothetruth|cometothebestjudgment.）Trueeducationamountstofarmorethangainingtheknowledgeandabilitytoexcelinone’smajorcourseofstudyandinone’sprofessionalcareer.

其次，可以让学生发现她真正感兴趣的研究方向。

Byexploringsubjectsoutsidetheirownmajor,studentsmayfindnewacademicfieldswherelietheirrealinterestandpotentialgift.

3过分强调学习其他学科的重要性可能会导致学生忽视主要知识的学习

3、但是，不能放弃对主要科目的深入研究，这也是高校设置major的目的所在，浅尝辄止besatisfiedwithasmatteringofknowledge

对个人和社会都无裨益；

undulyemphasizetheimportanceofstudyingthecourseoutsidermayleadthestudentsneglectingtheknowledgeofcertainfieldsofstudy,andtherebyhavenocapabilitytoengageanyrealmofemploymentorresearchwork.Ontheotherhand,compelstudenttoplacemostoftheattentionsontheprofessionalfieldsalsomayfallsintoanotherextremeandeventuallymakethestudentsimpossibletocatchupwiththedevelopmentofthescienceandtechnology

二十二次

Issue28/85/94/113/120/121/127/145/147（Old170）社会

（1）

28.Thesurestindicatorofagreatnationisrepresentednotbytheachievementsofitsrulers,artists,orscientists,butbythegeneralwelfareofitspeople.一个国家的伟大体现在国民的安乐上，而不是体现在统治者、艺术家或科学家的成就上。

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusstheextenttowhichyouagreeordisagreewiththestatementandexplainyourreasoningforthepositionyoutake.Indevelopingandsupportingyourposition,youshouldconsiderwaysinwhichthestatementmightormightnotholdtrueandexplainhowtheseconsiderationsshapeyourposition.

1、肯定伟大国家的第一要素是人民生活好福利好theoverridingimperativeofanydemocraticstateistoenhancethegeneralwelfareofitscitizenryGreatnation的定义，prosperousineconomy,democraticinpolitics,affluenceincultures.Thewelfareofthepeople,includingthelivingconditions,thesocialsecuritysystemandthecharityofdevelopedcountryis

人民生活都保障不了的国家绝对不伟大，即使elite有成就也毫无意义

Forexample,India.wehavetoadmitthatitisfastdevelopmentofIndiaduringthepastcenturyandevenithasowningnuclearweapon.However,focusingonhightechnologyandweapondoesnotamelioratethesituationthatmuchIndiansarestilllivinginthelowestlevelofsociety.AndThepeaceisstilladreaminthiscountrybecauseofdivergencebetweenpeopleinreligionandnation.Indiacannotbecalledagreatnation.

2、社会繁荣社会整体的成功统治者、艺术家、科学家的成就也是伟大国家的重要因素

（a）Scientificandtechnologicalachievementsserveinthefirstplacetoenhanceanation’sgeneralwelfare.（Advanceinmedicaltreatment,transportation,communication,etc）

（b）Artisticachievementscouldnotbeneglected,though.Theyhelptomakeanationabetterplacetoreside.（Provideinspiration,lifepeople’sspiritandbringaboutcreativityandimagination,allofwhichspurustomakemoreaccomplishments.）

（c）Themilitaryanddiplomaticaccomplishmentofitsleaderscouldneitherbeignoredinthegeneralwelfareofanation.（TheWarofIndependence）

伟大国家中的统治者、艺术家、科学家要为人民谋福利

Fortherulersorthepoliticians,theyshouldimprovepeople'slivingstandards,safeguardthenation'sintegrityandpeople'ssafety,inaword,theyshouldmaketheirnationmorestable,peace,andprosperous;Withrespecttoartists,theyshouldexerttheircreativityandimaginationtomakemoreclassicartworksinordertoreflecttheinnerconnotationsandimpulseofasocietyandultimatelyimprovepeople’sspirituallifeandbringwiththementertainment;Whenitcomestoscientists,whattheyshouldistomaketheresearchresultsconducetopeople’sstudy,life,andworkwhileavoidthepotentialnegativeimpactstheirresearchmayproduce.

Issue16/50/86/114/115（Old54）历史

（8）

86.Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentofficialsmustcarryoutthewillofthepeopletheyserve.Othersbelievethatofficialsshouldbasetheirdecisionsontheirownjudgment.

有些人认为政府官员应该遵从大众的意愿。

也有人认为政府官员依靠自己的判断做决定。

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhichviewmorecloselyalignswithyourownpositionandexplainyourreasoningforthepositionyoutake.Indevelopingandsupportingyourposition,youshouldaddressbothoftheviewspresented.

1、不能盲目的坚持，如果我们坚持的东西是错误的话，否则必将走向失败；如：

希特勒

Blindadherenceindicatesnothingbutignoranceandimprecise,whichisasignoffoolishstubbornness:

（a）Causeself-complacencewhichleadstotheneglectofone’sdefects.

（b）Ifeveryonestickstohisorherbeliefs,thatwouldcausetheconflictsinourdailylife.

ThemostegregiousexampletoillustratethispointinvolvesHitler,whosebeliefthattheJewspresentedpotentialharmtohimandhiscountrymenwascompletelyridiculousandfantastic,whichultimatelyresultedinthetragicmasspersecutionandevengenocide.

2、有时，为了成功我们也需要暂时的妥协；如卧薪尝胆的故事，就是在力量弱的时候妥协争取生存和发展的机会，以期待日后的崛起

LongmarchofChinesearmy

Chinesegreatleader---XiaopingDengarefamousfornotonlygreatcontributiontothefoundingofPeople’sRepublicofchinabutalsohisunprecedentedstratagemofreform.Histheoryofreformisbasedontheobjectiveobservationofthedevelopingtrendonthewholeworldandthemasses'willofandobviousefficiencyuponthesituationofchina.

3、坚持信念可以走向成功

Onlythroughfirmadherencetosomeofone’sbeliefscouldonemakeuniqueaccomplishments,especiallywhenyouareonlyonestepawayfromthetruth,compromisemeanstotalfailure.（MartinLutherKing,TheindependenceofAmerica,Copernicus）

MaryCurieadheretoherbelief;Beethoven;heronKellerMarieCurie'sbelief-theremustbesomenewmatterwiththefeatureofradioactiveconcealingintheindustrialwastes-hadenabledhertoworkarduouslyandtenaciously,andeventuallygivenbirthtothediscoveryofRadium,whichwanMarieCurietheNobelPrizeandmeanwhilecontributedsignificantlytotheprogressofmedicalscience.

3.Blindcompromiseisalsodetrimental:

（a）Concerningthedecentinterestsofacountry

（b）Theloyaltytotruthandtherespectforindividualselfaswellasthesociety.

1通常政治家是theoutstandingindividualsinthesociety.如：

Roosevelt在经济危机时能及时挽救美国

2不能保证政治家做出的决策总是对的。

A理论上说，他们可能为了自己的私利。

B实际上说，历史上有很多例子，关于政治家作了错误决策的。

Theculturalrevolution

3不能忽视普通人群的判断力和决策，尤其在一个民主国家,因为政治家了解到的情况可能不那么真实，而thepublic才是真正的利益相关主体

Thepoliticalissuesarehighlyprofessionalandrequiresexpertisetotackle,politicalleadersshouldrelyontheirjudgment

Politicalleaders,ongeneralassumption,shouldbewell-trainedtohandlehighlyprofessionalissues

Generalpublic,ontheotherhand,canonlyfollowratherthanlead

Indemocraticnation,andtoensurenobiasorpoliticaldiscriminationssoilthebasicinterestofthegeneralpublic,thevoiceofthepeopleshouldbetakenintoconsideration

Constitutionallylegitimateforpeopletoparticipatepoliticalaffairsanddefendtheirownrights

十八次

Issue59新增科技

（20）

59.Scientistsandotherresearchersshouldfocustheirresearchonareasthatarelikelytobenefitthegreatestnumberofpeople.

科学家和科研人员应该研究更容易造福大众的领域。

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusstheextenttowhichyouagreeordisagreewiththerecommendationandexplainyourreasoningforthepositionyoutake.Indevelopingandsupportingyourposition,describespecificcircumstancesinwhichadoptingtherecommendationwouldorwouldnotbeadvantageousandexplainhowtheseexamplesshapeyourposition.

当确定一些领域的优先权时，比如科学、教育等，最需要考虑的问题是：

有多少人会从中获益?

Partlyagree

1.能够解决现在最urgent社会问题科理所当然的应该给予优先权。

如：

通信，经济，商科，法律、医学。

A哪些人会受益。

B实际证明这些学科也是最兴旺发达的。

最优秀的学生通常都去了这些地方。

。

医学、生物研究，对治病的作用；农学研究对基本生活需要的满足；工程研究对建设的作用

2.有一些看起来没什么用的长期看会很有用。

哲学、文学、历史、数学、物理（其它科的基础）。

一些科学不要反对

3.在研究成果没有出来之前，我们很难判断哪些是能给最多人带来利益的。

因此，让其平衡发展。

按照经济学的观点，那些已经兴旺发达的学科，政府不需给予太多关注，否则几年后供大于求；而那些现在默默无闻的学科今后可能是很有用的学科，需要给予扶持。

一些已经很好的学科或许不能太过于投入，而一些不是很发达的则需要大力支持。

Iagreeinsofarasareasofresearchcertaintoresultinimmediateandsignificantbenefitsforsocietyshouldcontinuetobeapriority.Yet,strictlyfollowed,thespeaker’srecommendationwouldhaveaharmfulchillingeffectonresearchandnewknowledge.

1.Admittedly,scientificresearchwhosesocietalbenefitsareimmediate,predictable,andprofoundshouldcontinuetobeahighpriority.

2.However,thisisnottosaythatresearchwhosebenefitsarelessimmediateorclearshouldbegivenlowerpriority.Firstofall,ifwestrictlyfollowthespeaker’ssuggestion,whowoulddecidewhichareasofresearcharemoreworthwhilethanothers?

Researcherscannotbelefttodecide.

3.Secondly,tocompelallresearcherstofocusonlyoncertainareaswouldbetoforcemanytowastetheirtruetalents.

4.Thirdly,