Task 6.docx

Task 6.docx

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Task6

Task6

socialcooperationamonganimalsbenefitsthewholegroup。

举了两个例子：

例子1、如果一只鹿自己吃feedingalone，在吃的同时必须警惕alert狼和熊等天敌predator的攻击。

吃的时候不能专心，效率低、吃得少。

然而，一群deers成群inagroup吃东西，比一只鹿自己吃更好。

集体有所分工，一些鹿轮流taketurn站岗放哨，防卫predator。

另一些就能安心well进食，高效地吃moreefficiently。

例子2、一个蜜蜂honeybee回到蜂巢hive通过跳一种特殊的舞specialdance，如０字舞和８字舞，来分享share关于它找到的食物源foodsource的信息information（aboutwherethefoodsourceis和距离（locationanddistance））。

这样，整个蜂群都会收益thewholegroupwillbenefitfromthebee。

Inthislecture,theprofessormainlytalkaboutsocialcooperationamonganimalsbenefitsthewholegroup.Therearetwowaytobenefitsthemself,firstofall,theprofessormentionedwhenadeeriseatinggrass,itmustalertthewolfandbeertoavoidtobeeaten,thedeercannotfocusoneatingsothatcannoteatmoregrasses.Butifagroupofdeertaketurntoeatinthegrassland,somearedefendingthepredator,theothercouldeatsafely.Secondly,honeybeewouldliketosharethefoodsourcethroughaspecialdancelikezerooreight,sothatthewholebeeswillbenefitfromthatdancingone.

Task1描述Mistery,sciencefiction，biography三类书中你最不喜欢哪类？

why？

Gorkyhassaidthatbookistheladderofhumanadvance,forme,themisterybookismydislikebookamongthosebooks.Idislikemisterybookmainlybecauseicannotgainknowledgeandbenefitsthroughmisterybook.Forexample,hallypoorter,mymombuymethosebookwheniwasakid.Butidon’tlikethosebookbecauseitcontainsnotinghelpsformystudyandview,alotsofunrealthings,suchasmagicandmonster,makemebored,idonotmeanthatisabadbook,butjustnohelpforchildren.Soidislikethemisterybookmost.

Task2你喜欢一个人旅行还是和家人一起

Travelandreadingbookareboththemeaningfulthingsforyoungman.Forme,iliketotravelwithfamily.incontrarytotravelalone,travelwithfamilycancreatethebestmemory.Forexample,myfamilyandihavebeentoMiamiintwothousandyears.Wehaveeatingamericanfoodtogether,feelingdifferentculture,andtakingphotos,certainlywehavebeentobeachinMiami.Myparentshavetookapicturewheniwasswimminginthebluesea,thatpicturehaslockedallmybestmemorythere,icanrecallthehappytripwithmyfamilyinMiami.

Task3Task3文章内容:

学校出公告要建一个housingofficeforoff-campus.对话:

女生同意觉得很好.原因：

1）是on-campus的dorm已经overcrowded了.2）是新生不熟悉本地环境.这个office正好帮助他们.问总结女生观点。

\

Inthereadingpassage,theschoolproposetocreateahousingofficeforoff-campus,becausetheschoolbelievethat

Thegirlinthelisteningpassagethinksthatwasagoodideafortworeasons,firstofall,shementionedthattheon-campusdormisovercrowdedforstudents，，thatplancouldsolvethisproblem..

Secondly,shesaidthefreshmanarenotfamiliarwiththecampus,theywilltakealotsoftimetofindthem.Thisofficecouldhelpfreshmantoadaptthecampuslifequickly.

Task4Task4businessclass讲lateralview（侧面观点）.就是从一个新的观点来看问题.对话里的教授举了一个例子:

一个经营宾馆的人老遭到顾客抱怨说等电梯时间太长.然后经理先去找了电梯生产商,发现解决问题成本太高.然后他的员工给他提意见说可以在电梯前装个电视,顾客就不觉得无聊了.问题让你用这个例子来说明lateralview.

Inthereadingpassage,theprofessorintroducetermcalledlateralview,itmeanswemightbeconsidersomethingthroughanewview.

Theprofessortakearealexampleforthatterm,amanagerofahotelalwaysreceivesomecomplainsfromtheguestwhothinkittakestoolongtimetowaittheelevator,andtosolverthatproblemwilltaketoomuchmoney,oneofthestuffsaidsuggesthimtoinstallaTVinfrontoftheelevatorinordertoletguestsexpendthewaitingtime.Theplansisgood,andbecauseofthelateralview,themanagerbothsolvetheproblemandsavethemoney.

Task5一个女生的笔记本电脑坏了，修不好.里面有期末考试的复习文件.两个建议：

一个选择是rent电脑.但是她觉得太贵了不值.另一个选择是和roommate共用,就是需要arrangetheschedule.问你推荐哪个建议？

Thegirlfacedaproblemintheconversationthattherearesomebreakdownwithherlaptop,herlaptopisveryimportantbecauseshemustreviewthefinalexamthroughthatlaptop.Themanofferedtwosolutionsforher,oneisrentanotherlaptop,theotheroneistosharethecomputerwithherroommate.personally,ithinkthefirstoneisbetterbecauseicouldschedulemytimeforfinaltestfreely,andalsoicouldpreparetheexamcarefully,incontrarytosolutionB,ithinkweallwillbeaffectbyeachother,andthatisbadforexam,becausewealldon’twanttoseeabadoutcome.

Task6讲irrigation伊尔给神（灌溉系统）的缺点：

一是水量不好控制经常多,这样就促进了disease的生长.所以要小心设计.二是有些水盐分多,灌溉了之后土就不方便长农作物了.问题总结缺点。

Theprofessorintroducedtwodisadvantagesofirrigationsystem,andhetooktwoexampletofurtherexplainhispoints.

Firstofall,italwaysmakealotsofwaterwhichcannotcontrolbypeople,sothatthewaterfacilitatethediseaseinthefarmland.

Secondly,therearealotsofsalinityinthewater,itisbadforplantstogrow,

Task4Diffusioneffects-wheninformationissharedbetweenthe2groupsinvolvedintheresearch,thiswillmaketheresearchoutcomebecomeineffective/uselessorthiswilldefeattheoriginalpurpose/objectiveoftheresearch.TheprofessorprovidesexampleofGroupAandBinanofficeenvironment;GroupAistoldtoperformstretchingexercisetoimprovetheirhealthcondition.GroupBistoldtocontinueontheirexistingwork/behavior.WhenonememberisGroupAleaked/toldamemberinGroupBthatheactuallyfeelsgoodaboutstretchingexerciseatworkplace.GroupBmemberwillfollow.TheresultsoftheresearchisnotreliablesinceGroupBfollowsthesameadviseasGroupA.

Task2

你是否同意，现在的学生要比以前更加workharderinstudy?

Personally,ithinkcurrentstudentsaredifentitlyworkharderthantheminthepast,themostreasonifeelthatwayisthatitismorehardertofindajobafteryouhavegraduatedfromauniversity.Iwilltellyoumyrealexample,myparentsweregraduatedfromalocialuniversityinourhometown,andtheyhavefindagoodjobaftergraduation,butforme,imusttoattendatopuniversityinchinaifiwanttofindthesamejobasmyparents.Imusttostudyharderthanmyparentsandtoattendatopuniversity.

Task4

Theprofessorinthereadingpassagetalksaboutegocentricthinkingamongchildren,whichmeanschildrenthinkotherpeoplewillseeorunderstandtheworldinthesamewaylikethem．Theprofessortakesanexampletofurtherdemonstratethat,Achildwasleadinaroomwithasmallhouseinit．Thechildwasstandinginfrontofthehouse,whichhasareddoor．Theresearcherwenttotheothersideofthehouse．Whenheaskedthechild:

"whatamIwatching?

",thechildanswered:

"Areddoor．"whichwasexactlythethingthatchildwaswatching．egocentricthinkingcouldbeobservedhere.

Task2Somestudentspreferstudyingwithotherstudentstoprepareforanexam.Otherspreferstudyingalonetoprepareforanexam.Whichwaydoyoupreferandwhy?

Includereasonsanddetailsinyourresponse.

Tostudyandtoprepareexamisanownthingforastudent,iprefertoprepareanexamalone.Themainreasonifeelthatwayisstudytogetherisnotanefficientwayforexam,thatwilldisturbeachotherandwestthetime.Forexample,iattendedaphysicsstudygrouplastsemester,thereisoneguynamedkevin,hehaspreparenothingforthisgroup,heaskmeeveryquestion,evensomequestionsareverysimple,thatiwestedsomuchtimeandgainednothingthroughthatgroup.That’swhyiprefertostudyalone.

Task3【学生倡议】：

一个女生Jessica在校报上写倡议信，建议学校的radiostation应该多放音乐，少播announcements，以吸引更多学生听。

【学生态度】：

男生反对此倡议。

理由1、很多commercialradiostations播music，有的电台甚至wholeday都playmusic。

想听音乐的学生可以去听那些电台的节目。

学生都有自己喜欢的音乐台。

学生不会因为学校的多放音乐，就不去听他们爱听的音乐台的节目了。

理由2、通过收听学校的announcements，学生们可随时了解学校的最新信息。

Agirlinthereadingpassagewrightalettertosuggesttheschoolradiostationtoplaymoremusic,nottoplayalotsofannouncements,shebelievesthatcouldattractmorestudentgetinterestsinradiostation.

Themaninthelessoningmaterialdisagreewiththissuggestionfor2reasons.Firstofall,therearesomanycommercialradiostationsplaymusic,someofthemalmostplaymusicwholeday.Thestudentswhowanttolessonmusiccouldfindthoseradiostations.Plus,studentsallhavethereownfavoritemusicstations,theywon’tchangetherefavoriteeventheschoolradiostationplaymusic.Secondly,thestudentscouldobtainmanyusefulinformationiftheschoolradiostationsplayannouncements,that’sreallyhelpful.

Task4【名词解释】：

人在面对一个problem的时候，有两种选择：

一是去donothing，二是去采取行动takeaction。

人们一般会donothing，因为takingaction很可能带来negativeeffects。

【教授举例】：

教授举了自己的例子。

自己几周前开车去赶飞机，一路都挺顺的smoothly，但后来遇见了trafficjam，堵了半个小时，基本一动不动。

这时，他想到了analternativeroad，只不过那条路有点绕远。

最终，教授还是决定在现在这条路行继续等待，因为他都已经等了很久了。

如果去另一条路，万一那条路也堵车呢？

最后教授missed他的flight。

Theprofessorinthereadingpassageintroduceatermcalled,itmeanspeopleusuallyhavetwooptionswhenfacingproblem.Eithertotakeactionordonothing.Peoplealwayschoosetodonothingbecausetakingactionmightbringsomenegativeeffects.Forexample,theprofessormentioned,fewweekago,hedravetoairportsmoothly,buthemetatrafficjamandwaitfor30minutes,hethoughtanalternativeroadwhichcouldalsoarrivetheairportbutalittlebitfar.Finally,hechoosetodonothingbecausehethoughthehadwaitedforalongtimeandhemightmeetthetrafficjamifhechoosethesecondway.Atlast,hemissedhisflight.Couldbeobservedeasilyhere.

Task6【讲课要点】：

Differenttypesofbirdsflyingroupsbecausetheyhavedifferentneeds:

Need1、birdsflytogethertoavoidpredators。

举例：

chichi鸟和wood鸟flytogether。

Inamultispeciesflock，achichi鸟willnotbeattackedeasily。

chichi鸟负责放哨。

当它发现危险，itwillmakealoudnoisetoalarmothers。

Need2、Increasednumbersofferbetterchancesoffindingfood。

Wood鸟只负责寻找食物。

Theprofessorinthelectureintroducetwowaysofdifferenttypesofbirdsflyingroups,thereasonwhythebirdsdoingthatisbecause