MLA引用规范.docx
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MLA引用规范
目录
CitingBooksandOtherNonperiodicalPublications1
CitingArticlesandOtherPublicationsinPeriodicals5
CitingMiscellaneousPrintandNonprintSources7
CitingElectronicPublication9
著录汉语著作和文章:
14
CitingBooksandOtherNonperiodicalPublications
1.TheBasicEntry:
ABookbyaSingleAuthor
Author’sname.Titleofthebook.PublicationInformation
Example:
Wilson,FrankR.TheHand:
HowItsUseShapestheBrain,Language,andHumanCulture.NewYork:
Pantheon,1998.
注意:
书籍的整个标题都需要标注下划线,但是标题后面的英文句号不得标注下划线。
2.AnAnthologyoraCompilation
Feldman,PaulaR.,ed.BritishWomenPoetsoftheRomanticEra.Baltimore:
JohnsHopkinsUP,1997.
注:
上例中UP是UniversityPress的缩写。
3.TwoorMoreBooksbytheSameAuthor
Borroff,Marie.LanguageandthePast:
VerbalArtistryinFrost,Stevens,andMoore.Chicago:
UofChicagoP,1979.
---.AmericanPoetryafter1900.NewYork:
Norton,1991.
---,trans.SirGawainandtheGreenKnight.NewYork:
Norton,1967.
---,ed.WallaceStevens:
ACollectionofCriticalEssays.EnglewoodCliffs:
Prentice,1963.
注意:
只在第一个条目中注明作者姓名,以后条目中均用“---”来代替作者姓名。
4.ABookbyTwoorMoreAuthors
Marquart,JamesW.,SheldonEklandOlson,andJonathanR.Sorensen.TheRope,theChair,andtheNeedle:
CapitalPunishmentinTexas,1923-1990.Austin:
UofTexasP,1994.
Iftherearemorethanthreeauthors,youmaynameonlythefirstandaddetal.Examples:
Gilman,Sander,etal.HysteriabeyondFreud.Berkeley:
UofCaliforniaP,1993.
5.TwoorMoreBooksbytheSameAuthors
Gilbert,SandraM.,andSusanGubar.TheMadwoanintheAttic:
TheWomanWriterandtheNineteenth-CenturyLiteraryImagination.NewHaven:
YaleUP,1979.
---,eds.TheNortonAnthologyofLiteraturebyWomen:
TheTraditioninEnglish.2nded.NewYork:
Norton,1996.
注:
同4。
6.ABookbyaCorporateAuthor
AmericanMedicalAssociation.TheAmericanmedicalAssociationEncyclopediaofMedicine.NewYork:
Random,1989.
7.AWorkinanAnthology
Allende,Isabel.“Toad’sMouth.”Trans.MargaretSayersPeden.AHammockbeneaththeMangoes:
StoreisfromLatinAmerica.Ed.ThomasColchie.NewYork:
Plume,1992,83-88.
8.AnArticleinaReferenceBook
LePatourel,John.“NormansandNormandy.”DictionaryoftheMiddleAges.Ed.JosephR.Strayer.13vols.NewYork:
Scribner’s,1987.
9.AnIntroduction,aPreface,aForeword,oranAfterword
Doctorow,E.L.Introduction.SisterCarrie.ByTheodoreDreiser.NewYork:
Delta-Dell,1973,xv-xvi.
10.AnAnonymousBook
NewYorkPublicLibraryAmericanHistoryDeskReference.NewYork:
Macmillan,1997.
AGuidetoOurFederalLands.Washington:
Natl.GeographicSoc.,1984.
11.AnEdition
Shakespeare,William.Hamlet.Ed.BarbaraA.MovatandPaulWerstine.NewYork:
WashingtonSquare-Pocket,1992.
12.ATranslation
Esquivel,Laura.LikeWaterforChocolate:
ANovelinMonthlyInstallments,withRecipes,Romances,andHomeRemedies.Trans.CarolChristensenandThomasChristensen.NewYork:
Doubleday,1992.
13.ABookPublishedinaSecondorSubsequentEdition
Chaucer,Geoffrey.TheWorksofGeoffreyChaucer.Ed.F.W.Robinson.2nded.Boston:
Houghton,1957.
14.AMultivolumeWork
Blanco,RichardL.,ed.TheAmericanRevolution,1775-1783:
AnEncyclopedia.2vols.Hamden:
Garland,1993.
15.ABookinaSeries
Wilson,SharonR.,ThomasB.Friedman,andShannonHengen,eds.ApproachestoTeachingAtwood’sTheHandmaid’sTaleandOtherWorks.ApproachtoTeachingWorldLit.56.NewYork:
MLA,1996.
16.ARepublishedBook
Douglas,Mary.PurityandDanger:
AnAnalysisoftheConceptsofPollutionandTaboo.1966.London:
Routledge,1993.
17.APublisher’sImprint
Lopate,Phillip,ed.TheArtofthePersonalEssay:
AnAnthologyfromtheClassicalEratothePresent.NewYork:
Anchor-Doubleday,1994.
18.ABookwithMultiplePublishers
Duff,J.Wight.ALiteraryHistoryofRome:
FromtheOriginstotheCloseoftheGoldenAge.Ed.A.M.Duff.3rded.1953.London:
Benn;NewYork:
Barnes,1967.
19.APamphlet
RenoirLithographs.NewYork:
Dover,1994.
20.AGovernmentPublication
UnitedStates.ConsequencesofRapidPopulationGrowthinDevelopingCountries.NewYork:
Taylor,1991.
21.ThePublishedProceedingsofaConference
Freed,BarbaraF.,ed.ForeignLanguageAcquisitionResearchandtheClassroom.Proc.ofConsortiumforLang.TeachingandLearningConf.,Oct.1989,UofPennsylvania.Lexington:
Heath,1991.
22.ABookinaLanguageOtherThanEnglish
Esquivel,Laura.Comoaguaparachocolate:
Novelasdeentregasmensuales,conrecetas,amoresyremediescaseros.Madrid:
Mondadori,1990.
23.ABookPublishedbefore1900
Segni,Bernardo.Rettoricaetpoeticad’Aristotile.Firenze,1586.
24.ABookwithoutStatedPublicationInformationorPagination
Sendak,Maurice.WheretheWildThingsAre.NewYork:
Harper,1963.N.pag.
N.p.:
NoPlace
n.p.:
nopublisher
n.d.:
nodate
N.pag.:
NoPagination
25.AnUnpublishedDissertation
Sakala,Carol.“MaternityCarePolicyintheUnitedStates:
TowardaMoreRationalandEffectiveSystem.”Diss.BostonU,1993.
26.APublishedDissertation
Valentine,Mary-BlairTuresdell.AnInvestigationofGender-BasedLeadershipStylesofMaleandFemaleOfficersintheUnitedStatesArmy.Diss.GeorgeMasonU,1993.AnnArbor:
UMI(UniversityMicrofilmsInternational),1993,9316566.
CitingArticlesandOtherPublicationsinPeriodicals
1.TheBasicEntry:
AnArticleinaScholarlyJournalwithContinuousPagination
Author’sname.“Titleofthearticle.”Publicationinformation.
Most,Andra.“‘WeKnowWeBelongtotheLand’:
TheTheatricalityofAssimilationinRodgersandHammerstein’sOklahoma!
”PMLA113(1998):
77-89.
Graner,PaulM.“NewToolforanAncientArt:
TheComputerandMusic.”ComputersandtheHumanities25(1991):
303-13.
2.AnArticleinaScholarlyJournalThatPagesEachIssueSeparately
Hallin,DanielC.“SoundBiteNews:
TelevisionCoverageofElection,1968-1988.”JournalofCommunication42.2(1992):
5-24.
3.AnArticleinaScholarlyJournalThatUsesOnlyIssueNumbers
Bowering,George.“BaseballandtheCanadianImagination.”CanadianLiterature108(1986):
115-24.
4.AnArticleinaScholarlyJournalwithMoreThanOneSeries
Daniel,John.“IndianPopulationofNorthAmericain1492.”WilliamandMaryQuarterly3rdser.49(1992):
298-320.
5.AnArticleinaNewspaper
Trachtenberg,JeffreyA.“What’sinaMovieSoundtrack?
CathyTunesandBigBusiness.”WallStreetJournal1Apr.1994,easterned.:
B1.
6.AnArticleinaMagazine
Armstrong,Larry,DoriJonesYang,andAliceCuneo.“TheLearningRevolution:
TechnologyIsReshapingEducation—atHomeandatSchool.”BusinessWeek28Feb.1994:
80-88.
7.AReview
Updike,John.“FinePoints.”Rev.ofTheNewFowler’sModernEnglishUsage,ed.R.W.Burchfield.NewYorker23-30Dec.1996:
142-49.
8.AnAbstractinanAbstractsJournal
Ferguson,TamaraJ.,andSusanL.Crowley.“GenderDifferencesintheOrganizationofGuiltandShame.”SexRoles37(1997):
19-44.PsychologicalAbstracts85(1998):
item4265.
9.AnAnonymousArticle
“TheDecadeoftheSpy.”Newsweek7Mar.1994:
26-27.
10.AnEditorial
Zuckerman,MortimerB.“WelcometoCommunicopia.”Editorial.USNewsandWorldReport1Nov.1993:
116.
11.ALettertotheEditor
Safer,Morley.Letter.NewYorkTimes31Oct.1993,lateed.,sec.2:
4.
12.ASerializedArticle
Meserole,HarrisonT.,andJamesM.Rambeau.“ArticlesonAmericanLiteratrueAppearinginCurrentPeriodicals.”AmericanLiterature52(1981):
688-705;53(1981):
164-80,348-59.
13.ASpecialIssue
Appiah,KwameAnthony,andHenryLouisGates,Jr.,eds.Identities.Spec.issueofCriticalInquiry18.4(1992):
625-884.Chicago:
UofChicagoP,1995.
14.AnArticleinaMicroformCollectionofArticles
Chapman,Dan.“PanelCouldHelpProtectChildren.”Winston-SalemJournal14Jan.1990:
14.Newsbank:
WelfareandSocialProblems12(1990):
fiche1,gridsA8-11.
15.AnArticleReprintedinaLoose-leafCollectionofArticles
Edmondson,Brad.“AIDSandAging.”AmericanDemographicsMar.1990:
28+.TheAIDSCrisis.Ed.EleanorGoldstein.Vol.2.BocaRaton:
Sirs,1991.Art(ArticleNum.).24.
CitingMiscellaneousPrintandNonprintSources
1.ATelevisionorRadioProgram
“Frankenstein:
TheMakingoftheMonster.”GreatBooks.Narr.DonaldSutherland.Writ.EugenieVink.Dir.JonathanWard.LeanrningChannel.8Sept.1993.
2.ASoundRecording
Joplin,Scott.Treemonisha.Perf.CarmenBalthrop,BettyAllen,andCurtisRayam.HoustonGrandOperaOrch.AndChorus.Cond.GunmtherSchuller.DeutscheGrammophon,1976.
3.AFilmorVideoRecording
It’saWonderfulLife.Dir.FrankCapra.Perf.JamesStewart,DonnaReed,LionelBarrymore,andThomasMitchell.RKO,1946.
4.APerformance
Hamlet.ByWilliamShakespeare.Dir.JohnGielgud.Perf.RichardBurton.ShubertTheatre,Boston.4Mar.1964.
5.AMusicalComposition
Beethoven,Ludwigvan.SymphonyNo.8inF,Op.93.1812.NewYork:
Dover,1989.
6.APainting,Sculpture,orPhotograph
RembrandtvanRijn.AristotleContemplatingtheBustofHomer.MetropolitanMuseumofArts,NewYork.
7.AnInterview
Lansbury,Angela(Thepersoninterviewed).Interview.Off-Camera:
ConversationswiththeMakersofPrime-TimeTelevision.ByRichardLevinsonandWilliamLink.NewYork:
Plume-NAL,1986.72-86.
8.AMaporChart
JapaneseFundamentals.Chart.Hauppauge:
Barron,1992.
Washington.Map.Chicago:
Rand,1995.
9.ACartoon
Trudeau,Garry.“Doonesbury.”Cartoon.Star-ledger[Newark]17June1998:
23.
10.AnAdvertisement
TheFitnessFragrancebyRalphLauren.Advertisement.GQApr.1997:
111-12.
11.ALecture,aSpeech,anAddress,oraReading
Atwood,Margaret.“SilencingtheScream.”BoundariesoftheImaginationForum.MLAConvention.RoyalYorkHotel,Toronto.29Dec.1993.
12.AManuscrip