上半年的英语四级阅读理解真题.docx

上半年的英语四级阅读理解真题.docx

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上半年的英语四级阅读理解真题

2019年上半年的英语四级阅读理解真题

PartⅢReading

SectionA

ThecenterofAmericanautomobileinnovationhasinthepastdecademoved2,000milesaway.Ithas_____（27）fromDetroittoSiliconValley,whereself-drivingvehiclesarecomingintolife.

Ina_____（28）totakeproductionbacktoDetroit,Michiganlawmakershaveintroduced_____（29）thatcouldmaketheirstatethebestplaceinthecountry,ifnottheworld,todevelopself-drivingvehiclesandputthemontheroad.

"Michigan's_____（30）inautoresearchanddevelopmentisunderattackfromseveralstatesandcountrieswhichdesireto_____（31）ourleadershipintransportation.Wecan'tlethappen,"saysSenatorMikeKowall,thelead_____（32）offourbillsrecentlyintroduced.

Ifallfourbillspassaswritten,theywould_____（33）asubstantialupdateofMichigan's2013lawthatallowedthetestingofself-drivingvehiclesinlimitedconditions.Manufacturerwouldhavenearlytotalfreedomtotesttheirself-drivingtechnologyonpublicroads.Theywouldbeallowedtosendgroupsofself-drivingcarsoncross-stateroadtrips,andevenseton-demand_____（34）ofself-drivingcars,liketheoneGeneralMotorsandLyftarebuilding.

LawmakersinMichiganclearlywanttomakethestatereadyforthecommercialapplicationofself-drivingtechnology.In_____（35）,California,homeofSiliconValley,recentlyproposedfarmore_____（36）rulesthatwouldrequirehumandriversbereadytotakethewheel,andcommercialuseofself-drivingtechnology.

【选项】A.bidB.contrast C.deputy D.dominance E.fleets F.knots G.legislation H.migrated I.replace J.represent K.restrictiveL.reward M.significant  N.sponsor O.transmitted

26、【答案】H

27、【答案】A

28、【答案】G

29、【答案】D

30、【答案】I

31、【答案】N

32、【答案】J

33、【答案】E

34、【答案】B

35、【答案】K

SectionB

MakeStuff,Fail,AndLearnWhileYou'reAtIt

[A]We'vealwaysbeenahands-on,do-it-yourselfkindofnation.BenFranklin,oneofAmerica'sfoundingfathers,didn'tjustinventthelightningrod.Hiscreationsincludeglasses,innovativestovesandmore.

[B]Franklin,whowaslargelyself-taught,mayhavebeenagenius,buthewasn'treallyanexceptionwhenitcomestoAmericanmakingandcreativity.

[C]ThepersonalcomputingrevolutionandphilosophyofdisruptiveinnovationofSiliconValleygrew,inpart,outofthecreationsoftheHomebrewComputerClub,WhichwasfoundedinagarageinMenloPark,California,inthemid-1970s.Members—includingguysnamedJobsandWozniak—startedmakingandinventingthingstheycouldn'tbuy.

[D]Soit'snosurprisethattheMakerMovementtodayisthrivingincommunitiesandsomeschoolsacrossAmerica.Makingisavailabletoordinarypeoplewhoaren'ttiedtobigcompanies,bigdefenselabsorresearchuniversities.ThemakerphilosophyechoesoldideasadvocatedbyJohnDewey,Montessori,andevenancientGreekphilosophers,aswepointedoutrecently.

[E]Thesemakerspacesareoftenoutsideofclassrooms,andareservinganimportanteducationalfunction.TheMakerMovementisrediscoveringlearningbydoing,whichisDewey'sphrasefrom100yearsago.WearerediscoveringDeweyandMontessoriandalotofthepracticesthattheypioneeredthathavebeenforgottenoratleastputaside.Amakerspaceisaplacewhichcanbeinaschool,butitdoesn'tlooklikeaclassroom.Itcanbeinalibrary.Itcanbeoutinthecommunity.Ithastoolsandmaterials.It'saplacewhereyougettomakethingsbasedonyourinterestandonwhatyou'relearningtodo.

[F]Ideasaboutlearningbydoinghavestruggledtobecomemainstreameducationally,despitebeingoldconceptsfromDeweyandMontessori,PlatoandAristotle,andintheAmericanContcxt,RalphEmerson,onthevalueofexperienceandself-reliance.It'snotnecessarilyanefficientwaytolearn.Welearn,inasense,bytrialanderror.Learningfromexperienceissomethingthattakestimeandpatience.It'sveryindividualized.Ifyourgoalistohavestandardizedapproachestolearning,whereeverybodylearnsthesamethingatthesametimeinthesameway,thenlearningbydoingdoesn'treallyfitthatmoldanymore.It'snottheworldoftextbooks.It'snottheworldoftesting.

[G]Learningbydoingmaynotbeefficient,butitiseffective.Project-basedlearninghasgrowninpopularitywithteachersandadministrators.However,project-basedlearningisnotmaking.Althoughthereisaconnection,thereisalsoadistinction.Thedifferenceliesinwhethertheprojectisinasensedefinedanddevelopedbythestudentorwhetherit'sassignedbyateacher.We'llallgetthekidstobuildasmallboat.WeareallgoingtolearnaboutX,Y,andZ.Thattendstobeoneformofproject-basedlearning.

[H]Ireallybelievethecoreideaofmakingistohaveanideawithinyourhead—oryoujustborrowitfromsomeone—andbegintodevelopit,repeatitandimproveit.Then,realizethatideasomehow.T