全国高等教育自学考试英语阅读一试题.docx

全国高等教育自学考试英语阅读一试题.docx

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全国高等教育自学考试英语阅读一试题

全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试

英语阅读

（一）试题

课程代码：

00595

全部题目用英文作答（翻译题除外），请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上

I.CarefulReading.（40points,2pointsforeach）

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassagescarefully.DecideonthebestanswersantlthenwritethecorrespondinglettersonyourAnswerSheet.

PassageOne

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Theoldfashionedgeneralstoreisfastdisappearing.Thisis,perhaps,apity,becauseshoppingtodayseemstolackthatpersonalelementwhichexistedwhentheshopkeeperknewallhisregularcustomerspersonally.Hecould,forinstance,rememberwhichbrandofteaMrs.SmithusuallyboughtorwhatsortofwashingpowderMrs.Jonespreferred.Notonlywastheshopacenterofbuyingandselling,butasocialmeetingplace.

Aprosperousgeneralstoremighthaveemployedfourorfiveassistants,andsotherewereveryfewproblemsinmanagementasfarasthestaffwasconcerned.Butnowthatthesupermarkethasreplacedthegeneralstore,thejobofthemanagerhaschangedcompletely.Themodermsupermarketmanagerhastocopewithastaffofasmanyasahundred,apartfromalltheothereverydayproblemsofrunningalargebusiness.

Everymorningthemanagermust,likethecommanderofanarmydivision,carryoutaninspectionofhisstoretomakesurethateverythingisreadyforthebusinessofthedayHemustseethateverythingisrunningsmoothly.Hewillhavetogiveadviceandmakedecisionsasproblemsarise;andhemustknowhowtogethishugestafftoworkefficientlywiththeirrespectiveresponsibilities.Nomatterwhathehastodothroughouttheday,however,thesupermarketmanagermustbereadyforanyemergencythatmayarise.Theysayinthetradethatyouarenotreallyanexperiencedsupermarketmanageruntilyouhavedealtwithaflood,afire,abirthandadeathinyourstore.

1.Themainpurposeofthepassageistoshow______.

A.howthesupermarketreplacestheoldgeneralstore

B.howtheoldfashionedgeneralstoreisfastdisappearing

C.howsupermarketmanagersdealwithproblemseverymorning

D.howtheroleoftheshopmanagerundergoesanoverallchange

2.Itisapitythattherearefeweroldgeneralstoresnowbecause_______.

A.thereislesstradingbusiness

B.thereusedtobemoresocialactivitiesintheolddays

C.supermarketmanagershavemoreproblems

D.thereislesspersonalcontactbetweenmanagerandcustomer

3.WhoareMrs.SmithandMrs.Jonesmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Peoplerepresentinganyoftheregularcustomersoftheoldgeneralstore.

B.Shopassistants.

C.Friendsoftheshopmanager’s.

D.Tworegularcustomersofthestore.

4.Howhasthejobofthestoremanagerchanged?

A.Hedoesn’tsellteaorwashingpowderanymore.

B.Hehasamuchlargerstafftotakecareof,tosaynothingofalltheotherdailyproblemsofrunningthestore.

C.Hemusttryhardtorememberthenamesoftheregularcustomers.

D.Hehastogiveadviceandmakedecisionseveryday.

5.Theauthorcomparedthesupermarketmanagerto______.

A.amilitaryleaderB.aschoolinspector

C.atrafficsupervisorD.anorchestraconductor

PassageTwo

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

BytheTreatyofParisof1763,whichendedthewarwiththeFrenchandtheIndians,EnglandgainedpossessionofCanadaandalltheterritoryeastoftheMississippiRiver.Frenchinfluenceonthiscontinentthuscametoanend;EnglandnowcontrolledmostofNorthAmerica.Butthewarhadbeenlongandexpensive.Englandhadmanydebts.GeorgeIII,kingofEngland,afterconsultingwithhisadvisers,decidedthattheAmericancolonistsshouldhelppaysomeoftheexpensesofthiswar.AstandingEnglisharmyof10,000menhadbeenleftinthecoloniesforprotectionagainsttheIndians.TheEnglishgovernmentalsofeltthatthecolonistsshouldshareintheexpensesofmaintainingthisarmy.TheresultwasaSeriesofmeasures,theGrenvilleProgram,passedbyParliamentanddesignedtoraisemoneyinthecolonies.Someofthesemeasureswereacceptedbythecolonists,butoneinparticular,theStampAct,wasmetwithgreatprotest.TheStampActrequiredthatstamps,ranginginpricefromafewcentstoalmostadollar,beplacedonallnewspapers,advertisements,billsofsale,wills,legalpapers,etc.TheStampActwasoneofthecausesoftheAmericanRevolution.Itaffectedeveryone,richandpooralike.Somebusinessmenfeltthattheactwouldsurelyruintheirbusinesses.

OfallthevoicesraisedinprotesttotheStampAct,nonehadgreatereffectthanthatofayounglawyerfromVirginia-PatrickHenry.HenryhadonlyrecentlybeenelectedtotheVirginiaAssembly.YetwhentheStampActcameupfordiscussion,heopposeditalmostsingle-handedly.Healsoexpressed,forthefirsttime,certainideasthatwereheldbymanyAmericansofthetimebutthatneverbeforehadbeenstatedsoopenly.“Islifesodearorpeacesosweet,astobeboughtatthepriceofchainsandslavery?

Forbidit,AlmightyGod!

Iknownotwhatcourseothersmaytake,butasforme,givemeliberty,orgivemedeath!

”

6.Fromthepassagewelearnthat______.

A.BritaintookoverCanadafromtheIndiansin1763

B.therehadbeenawarbetweentheFrenchandtheIndianswhichendedin1763

C.FranceusedtohavecontrolofCanadaandsomeareaseastoftheMississippiRiver

D.theFrenchstillkeptsomeinfluenceinNorthAmericathroughtheTreatyofParis

7.TheGrenvilleProgramrefersto______.

A.KingGeorgeIII’splantogathermoneyinNorthAmerica

B.theBritishgovernment’sdesiretoraisemoneyinNorthAmerica

C.aplantosharetheexpensesofmaintaininganarmyintheAmericancolonies

D.adecisionoftheBritishParliamenttocollectmoneyintheAmericancolonies

8.TheStampAct______.

A.wasanactaboutsellingstampsatpricesfromafewcentstoalmostadollar

B.wasoneofthecausesoftheAmericanRevolution

C.requiredthatallcommercialandlegaldocumentsinAmericahavestampsonthem

D.chieflyaffectedbusinesspeoplewhofeltitwouldruintheirbusinesses

9.FromthepassagewelearnthatPatrickHenry______.

A.hadbeenamemberoftheVirginiaAssemblyforalongtime

B.didn’tknowwhatcoursestotaketocompletehisstudiesasalawyer

C.wasalmosttheonlyonewhoopenlyprotestedagainsttheStampAct

D.didn’tvaluelifeorpeaceasmuchasotherpeopledid

10.Thispassageismainlyabout______.

A.oneoftheeventsleadingtotheAmericanRevolution

B.theTreatyofParisbetweenBritainandFrance

C.theGrenvilleProgramtoraisemoneyintheAmericancolonies

D.PatrickHenry,aherowhoopposedtheStampAct

PassageThree

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Inthepast,Americanfamiliestendedtobequitelarge.Parentsraisingfiveormorechildrenwerecommon.Overtheyears,thesizeofthefamilyhasdecreased.Onereasonforthisisanincreaseinthecostofliving.Ontheaverage,childrenattendschoolsformoreyearsthantheyusedto,makingthemfinanciallydependentontheirfamilies.Moreover,childrennowadaysarebetterdressedandhavemoremoneytospendonentertainment.Theparentsusuallytaketheresponsibilityforalltheexpenses.Meanwhile,familiesarelessclosethantheyusedtobe.MoreandmoreAmericanmothersworkawayfromhome.

Thebreakupofthefamilyoccurswhentheparentsdivorce.AlotofchildrenintheU.S.livepartoftheiryoungliveswithonlyoneparent.Brokenfamiliesusuallyresultinproblemsforchildrenandparentsalike.Childrenblamethemselveswhentheirparentsseparate.Theygrowupfeelingunsettledastheyaremovedbackandforthbetweenparents.Usuallyoneparentisresponsibleforraisingthechildren.Thesesingleparentsmustcareforthechildren’semotionalandpsychologicalneedswhilealsosupportingthemfinancially.Thisisverydemandingandleavesverylittletimefortheparent’sownpersonalinterests.Singleparentsoftenmarryothersingleparents.Inthistypeoffamily,unrelatedchildrenareforcedtodevelopbrotherorsisterrelationship.

ThesituationsofmanyAmericanfamiliestodayarenotgood.However,recentsignsindicatethatthingsaregettingbetter.Thedivorcerateisdeclining.Therateofchildbirthisrising.PerhapsAmericanshavelearnedhowimportantfamiliesare.

11.Inthepast,Americanfamiliestendedtobe______.

A.quitesmallB.medium-sized

C.quitelargeD.small

12.Toparentswhotaketheresponsibilityforchildren’sexpenses,thecostoflivingincreasesbecause______.

A.childrenattendschoolforlessyears

B.childrenareworsedressed

C.childrenhavemoreinterestsnowadays

D.childrenspendmoremoneyonentertainment

13.Whatproblemswouldbrokenfamiliesbringtochildrenandparentsrespectively?

A.Childrengrowupfeelingunsettledandparentsdidn’tpaymuchattentiontochildren.

B.Childrengrowupfeelingfreeandoneparentisresponsibleforraisingthechildren.

C.Childrenaremovedbackandforthbetweenparentsandthesingleparentisbusyworkingtomakemoneytosupporthimselforherself.

D.Childrengrowupfeelingunsettled,andtheparentshavelittletimeforhisorherowninterestsbecauseoneparentistoobusytakingcareofchildren.

14.Accordingtotheauthor,thesituationsofAmericanfamiliesinthefuturemay______.

A.becomeworseB.remainthesame

C.getbetterD.keepunchanged

15.Thetitleofthearticlemightbe______.

A.AmericanChildrenB.AmericanFamilies

C.AmericanMotherD.AmericanParents

PassageFour

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Inafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlesserextent,notions