中考英语.docx

中考英语.docx

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中考英语

  2016中考英语：

重点单词、短语用法归类

◆1.cost/take/spend/pay 花费                                    

花费时间做某事：

 Ittakessbsometimetodosth.=sbspendsometime （in）doingsth.=sbspendsometimeonsth.            

某人花钱买某物：

 sbspendsomemoneyonsth.=sbpaysomemoneyforsth.=sthcostsb.somemoney.                       

※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物。

※ spent 还可以指“度过”→ Howdidyouspendyourweekend?

Thesweater________ me90yuan.=I_______90yuanforthesweater.=I_____90yuanonthesweater.                                  

Hespentlotsofmoney________themobilephone.                          

It________her20minutestogohomeeveryday.=He________20minutes________homeeveryday.                        　 

◆2. thanksfor　为…而感谢　　　　

⑴ ______invitingmetoyourbirthdayparty.

thanksto 多亏/由于

⑵______yourhelp.Igotgoodgrades.                                                       

◆3. 感叹句：

多么… what+ 名词 

how+ 形容词 / 副词                                           

⑴.______badweather ！

          ⑵.______hardheworks ！

⑶.______freshvegetables ！

         ⑷.______cuteamonkeyitis ！

◆4. 因为、由于：

 because（ 连词 ）+从句：

 （ 表示原因 ）    

becauseof（介词短语） + 名词（短语）= thanksto                                                   

⑴ Ididn’tgotoschool______Ihadaheadache.                              

Hewaslateforclass______thebadweather.   

Hecan’tcome_____heisill. 

Manypeoplehaveacold_____thecoldweather.

※ because和 so不能同时连用 .                           

◆5. 来自：

 befrom=comefrom                                     

⑴ Whereareyoufrom?

=Where______you______ ______?

⑵ HeisfromTibet.=He______ ______Tibet.                            

◆6.  Howoften 对频率提问（多久一次） →回答用表示频率的副词或短语

  Howlong 对一段时间提问（多久） →回答用表示一段时间的状语 

Howsoon 对将来时间提问（多久）→回答用 in+时间段

Howfar 询问多长距离（多长）                               

⑴-______haveyoubeencollectingthekites?

  -Fortenyears.

⑵-______doyougoshopping?

  -Sometimes.

⑶ -______willyourfathercomeback?

  -Intwoyears.                               

⑷-_____doyouexercise?

  -Onceaweek. 

⑸-_____isitfromyourhometoschool?

  - Abouttenmiles.                                                                                   

⑹-_____areyoustayingthere?

   -Twoweeks.                                    

◆7. 乘交通工具：

 takea/the+交通工具  在句中作谓语                           

         by+交通工具= ona 交通工具 在句中作方式状语

交通工具有：

train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…

⑴ Hetakesabustobank.=Hegoestobankbybus.=Hegoestobankonabus.

⑵ Iwalktoschool.=Igotoschool______.     

※骑自行车、马或驴用ride ：

 rideone’sbike / rideahorse / rideadonkey  inone’scar                                      

◆8. 对不起：

 Excuseme （劳驾，客套话）

Sorry （ 表示道歉 ）                  

⑴ ______.WhereisTianfuSquareinChengdu?

⑵– Wouldyoumindcleaningyourroom?

 -______.I’lldoitrightaway.

⑶-Don’teatinclass.     -_____.MsClark.

⑷ _____,isthisthewaytothestation?

◆9. 声音：

 sound（ 自然界各种声音 ）  

noise（噪音）

voice（悦耳的声音：

嗓子）         

⑴Lucyhasasweet______.            ⑵That______likeagoodidea.                   

⑶Don’tmake______.Thebabyissleeping.                              

◆10. looklike（外貌看起来像… ）  

belike （性格像…）                           

⑴ Lily_____ _____Lucy.Oh,theyaretwins.   

⑵ Tony______ ______amonkeybecauseheiscuteandplayful.                                         

◆11. take… to …带去   

bring… to … 带来     

fetch 没有方向性（强调来回）                  

⑴ Tony.______theballhere.Please.                               

⑵ Myfatheroften______me______concertsonSundays.                      

⑶ ______yourhomework_____schooltomorrow.                             

◆12. 一些：

 some 用于肯定句  

any 用于否定句和疑问句                            

⑴ I’dlike______milk.                                        

⑵ – Wouldyoulike______yogurt?

 _Thanks.Idon’twant______.                                     

※在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some.                                                  

◆13. 多少：

 Howmany修饰可数名词复数     

Howmuch 修饰不可数名词               

⑴ ______juicedoyouwant?

           ⑵ ______ applesdoyouwant ?

⑶-______ istheT-shirt ?

    –It’s30yuan.                                        

※ Howmuch 可对价钱提问：

Howmucharethepotatoes?

◆14．看：

see 强调看的结果             

look（at） 不及物动词，强调看的动作      

watch 观看：

比赛、电视、表演、电影 

read 读，朗读：

看书、看报、看信、看杂志 

⑴ Don’t  ______inbed.          

⑵ Wewill______abasketballgamethisevening. 

⑶ Please______theblackboard.Everyone.  

⑷ I______abirdinthetreeyesterday. 

※ OnSaturdaynight.Isawaninterestingtalkshow.

 OnSaturdayevening.severalkidswatchedamovie.  watchamovie=gotoamovie       

◆15. stopdoingsth 停止做某事→ Pleasestoptalking.    

stoptodosth 停下来去做别的事              

⑴ Thegirlsoonstopped______（cry）.      ⑵ Hewastiredandstopped______（have）arest. 

◆16.forget/remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：

△forget/remembertodosth（忘记/记得去做某事）→ Heforgottoturnoffthelight.（没有做关灯的动作）  Remembertogotothepostofficeafterschool.

forget/remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：

△forget/rememberdoingsth（忘记/记得做过某事）→ Heforgotturning offthelight. （已做过关灯的动作）  Don’tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?

◆17. 到达… reach+ 地点     

getto+ 地点  reach=getto 

arrive+in+ 大地点  

arrive+at+ 小地点                     

⑴ HereachedLondonyesterday.=He______toLondonyesterday.=He______ inLondonyesterday.                      

⑵ Shearrived______thebusstationjustnow. ⑶ Youshould______（get）homeontime.    

※ 当getto和 arriveat/in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。

如：

gethome getthere 省略 to

◆18. 擅长，在…方面做得好：

 begoodat=dowellin.    

⑴ Sheisgoodatchemistry.=She______ ______ ______chemistry.   

⑵ Niuniuisgoodat______theviolin.=Niuniu______wellin______theviolin.    

⑶ LucyandLilyaretwingirls.Lucyisbetter______dancingthanLily.butLily_____ ______insingingthanLucy. 

◆19. win （赢得）接agame、 war 、amatch、 aprize  

beat（ 打败、战胜 ）接运动员、球队、对手等。

⑴ Whichteam______thefootballmatch?

⑵ WangHao______MaLinand______thechampionoftheMen’sSingles. 

◆20. 借  borrowsth.fromsb=borrowsb.sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入

lendsth.tosb=lendsb.sth把某物借给某人→ lend 借出

keep延续性动词，与一段时间连用。

⑴ Canyoulendmeyourbike?

=Canyou______ yourbike______me?

⑵ Youcanborrowsomemoney____yourbrother.=Youcanborrow your brother____ ____. 

⑶ -HowlongcanI______thebook?

 -Youcan_____itfortwoweeks.

※类似用法的还有：

buy—have        puton—wear    become—be

leave—beawayfrom  open—beopen   begin—beon

die—bedead       return—beback

①become Hehas______adoctor.

     Hehas______adoctorfor10years.

②begin Thefilmhas______ .

     Thefilmhas_________fortenminutes.

◆21. 能，会。

beableto             

       can 

※情态动词后面都接动词原形。

⑴ Weshould______abletofinishtheworktomorrow. 

⑵ Ican ______（play）theguitar.         ⑶ He______abletoplaychess.                

◆22. toomany 太多—修饰可数名词复数→ Ihavetoomanyrules inmyhouse.

toomuch 太多—修饰不可数名词→ Maybeyouhavetoomuchyin.

muchtoo 太 —后跟形容词或副词原级 → Thiscoatismuchtooexpensive.  

⑴ Eating_____ ______isbadforyourhealth.

⑵ It’s ______ ______coldtoday.You’dbetternotgoout.

⑶ Thereare ______ ______studentsinthehallways.It’sdangerous.  

◆23. have/hasbeento 去过某地→HehasbeentoBeijing.（现在不在北京） 

  have/hasgoneto 去了某地→HehasgonetoBeijing.（现在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中）

have / has beenin/at  在某地  

⑴ I haveever_______ ______Americatwice.

⑵ Hehas______ ______Beijingfortenyears.

⑶ –Where isyourbrother?

- He ______ ______toHainan.

⑷ _____youever______ _____