版高考英语一轮复习Unit21HumanBiology课时练北师大版选修7.docx
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版高考英语一轮复习Unit21HumanBiology课时练北师大版选修7
Unit21 HumanBiology
课时练
（一） 阅读理解提速练——练速度
（限时：
35分钟）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2018·云南省第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测）
It’snotwhatyoulookatthatmatters；it’swhatyousee.—HenryDavidThoreau
SlowArtDayisaglobaleventwithasimplemission：
helpmorepeoplediscoverforthemselvesthejoyoflookingatandlovingart.
Whyslow?
Whenpeoplelookslowlyatapieceofart，theymakediscoveries.Themostimportantdiscoverytheymakeisthattheycanseeandexperienceartwithoutanexpert.Andthat’sanexcitingdiscovery.Itunlockspassionandcreativityandhelpstocreatemoreartlovers.
Howdoesitwork?
Onedayeachyear，peopleallovertheworldvisitlocalmuseumsandgalleriestolookatartslowly.Participantslookatfiveworksofartfor10minuteseachandthenmeettogetheroverlunchtotalkabouttheirexperience.That’sit.Simplebydesign，thegoalistofocusontheart.Infact，SlowArtDayworksquitewellthisway.
Bythenumbers
Over1,200individualSlowArtDayeventshavetakenplacesinceitsofficiallaunchin2010.SlowArtDayeventshavetakenplaceonallsevencontinents.
700venues（museums，galleries，artiststudios，sculptureparks，publicartsites，etc.）havehostedSlowArtDayevents.
ParticipantsloveSlowArtDay
Feedbackonthissimpleeventhasbeenoverwhelminglypositive.Here’sasample：
“Ilovedtakingthetimetojust‘be’withtheworks，particularlypiecesImightotherwisewalkby.It’samuchbetterwayofvisitingtheartmuseumthantheusualidleramble.Discussionafterwardswasfun，interesting，informativeandeyeopening.Ilookforwardtodoingitagain.”
SlowArtDay2017isSaturday，April8，inmuseumsandgalleriesworldwide.Joinusandexperienceartdifferently.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，介绍了慢艺术日（SlowArtDay）的一些情况。
1．TheauthorquotesThoreau’swordsatthebeginningto________.
A．arousereaders’interestinart
B．introducethetopicofthetext
C．stresstheimportanceoflooking
D．illustratethejoyofartappreciation
解析：
B 考查推理判断。
根据“Whyslow？
”中的“Themostimportant...seeandexperienceartwithoutanexpert”并结合全文大意可知，本文介绍慢艺术日的情况，因此文章开头引用梭罗的话是为了引入主题。
2.Atypicalslowartactivity________.
A．lastsaboutfiftyminuteswhenpeoplelookatartworkscritically
B．encouragespeopletoseeartforthemselvesanddiscusswithexperts
C．organizespeopletolookatartontheirownandtalkabouttheirexperience
D．inspirespeopletomakediscoveriesaboutartworksandcreatetheirownworks
解析：
C 考查细节理解。
根据“Howdoesitwork？
”部分中的“Participantslookatfiveworksofartfor10minuteseachandthenmeettogetheroverlunchtotalkabouttheirexperience”可知，在这项活动中，参加的人先自己观看艺术作品，然后聚在一起谈论他们的体验，故选C项。
3．Accordingtothetext，theauthor________.
A．hasconductedasurveyonSlowArtDay
B．stronglyrecommendsSlowArtDayevents
C．seesthegoodandbadsidesofSlowArtDay
D．isfrequentlyinvolvedinSlowArtDayevents
解析：
B 考查推理判断。
本文作者介绍了慢艺术日，结合最后一部分最后一句“Joinusandexperienceartdifferently”可知，作者推荐此活动并希望更多的人参与，故选B项。
B
（2018·安徽江南十校联考）
Whenevertheword“hero”comestome,IimmediatelythinkofthreeHs:
honorable,hardworking,andhappy.WhenIthinkmoreaboutthisword,Ipicturesomeonewhohasaccomplishedgoodthingsforpeopleandtriestodotherightthing.HattieElizabethAlexanderisonepersonwhomIfindtobeveryheroic.
HattiewasborninBaltimore,MarylandonApril5,1901.DuringhertimeatcollegesheearnedherBachelor'sDegreeinBacteriologyandPhysiology.Thesewerejustthefirststepstowardwhatshewasfinallygoingtoberememberedfor.AftercollegeHattieattendedJohnsHopkinsSchoolofMedicineandreceivedhermedicaldegree.
Afterhereducation,shepursuedhercareer,andaftermuchtimeandhardwork,shedrasticallyreducedthenumberofinfants（幼儿）dyingfrommeningitis（脑膜炎）.Hattiewasverydedicatedtoherworkandhelpedatasmanylocationsasshecould.Spendingsubstantial（大量的）timeinthelaboratory,Hattiesuccessfullydevelopedacureagainstthedisease,whichdecreasedthedeathrateto20percent.Atthesametime,shewasalsoateacherworkingwithColumbiaUniversity.
Shewasacaringladyinterestedinotherpeople'slives.WhenshewasteachingatColumbiaUniversity,othermemberswouldtalktoheraboutstudentsthatwerefailingtheirclasses,andsomehowHattiecouldalwaysfindconvincingreasonsastowhytheyshouldnotbedrivenaway.Later,HattiebecameaninstructorinPediatricsatNewYorkCity'sBabiesHospital.Aftermanyhonors,shebecamethefirstwomanpresidentoftheAmericanPediatricSocietyin1965.Thiswasherlastmajorachievement,forsoonafter,HattiediedofcanceronJune24,1968.
Hattieismyherobecauseherpositiveattitudeandstrengthhelpedheraccomplishgreatthingsforothers.Shegavethemherstrengthbydevelopingmedicinesagainstdiseases,which,bydoingso,madethemstronger.ThisiswhatmakesHattieElizabethAlexandermyhero.
体裁：
记叙文 题材：
人物故事 主题：
儿科医生哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了作者心目中的英雄——哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大为社会作出的贡献。
4．Accordingtothepassage,HattieElizabethAlexander________.
A．receivedherBachelor'sDegreeinJohnsHopkinsSchool
B．spentallhertimeinthelaboratorydevelopingcuresforillnesses
C．caredalotaboutothers'privatelives
D．alwaystriedherbesttohelppreventstudentsfromdroppingoutofcollege
解析：
D 细节理解题。
根据文章第四段第二句．..somehowHattiecouldalwaysfindconvincingreasonsastowhytheyshouldnotbedrivenaway.可知，哈蒂总会尽最大努力阻止学生被开除。
故选D项。
5．TheunderlinedwordinParagraph3probablymeans“________”．
A．slightly B．hardly
C．greatlyD．totally
解析：
C 词义猜测题。
根据文章第三段第一、二句以及第三句中的whichdecreasedthedeathrateto20percent可推断出，此处指经过哈蒂的付出和努力，幼儿死于脑膜炎的比例大大下降。
故推测，drastically意为“大幅度地；彻底地”，与greatly意思相近，故选C项。
6．Hattieisconsideredtobeaherobytheauthorinthat________.
A．shewasanhonorable,hardworkingandhappyperson
B．shewasaverydedicatedwomandoctorwithmanyhonors
C．shewasacaringladywhohelpedmanystudentsfinishcollege
D．shewasthefirstwomanpresidentoftheAPS
解析：
A 推理判断题。
根据文章第一段的内容可知，作者视哈蒂为英雄是因为她是一个品德高尚、勤奋且快乐的人。
故选A项。
7．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostpropertitleforthetext?
A．AnHonorableWoman
B．AWomanAccomplishingGreatThings
C．MyHero—HattieElizabethAlexander
D．TheFirstWomanPresidentoftheAPS
解析：
C 主旨大意题。
通读全文可知，本文讲述的是作者心目中的英雄哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大。
故选C项。
C
（2018·四川绵阳第二次诊断）
Upuntilnow，ithasbeenbelievedbigcatsliketheleopard（豹）originatedinpartsofAfrica.However，anancientskullunearthedrecentlyindicatesthatbigcatsoriginatedincentralAsianotAfricaaswidelythought,paleomologists（古生物学家）reportedonWednesday.
Datedanbetween4.1millionand5.95millionyearsold，thefossilistheoldestremainseverfoundofapantherinefelid，asbigcatsarecalled.Thepreviousfelidrecordholderatoothfragment（碎片）foundinTanzaniais，estimatedtobearound3.8millionyearsold.
Theevolutionofbigcatshasbeenhotlydiscussed，andtheissueiscomplicatedbyalackoffossilevidencetosettlethedebate.
“Thisfindsuggeststhatbigcatshaveadeeperevolutionaryoriginthanpreviouslysuspected，”saidJackZeng，apaleontologistoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniawholedtheprobe（调查）．
Zengandhisteammadethefindin2010inaremoteborderregioninTibet.Thefossilwasfoundstuckamongmorethan100bonesthatwereprobablydepositedbyariverthatexitedacliff.Afterthreeyearsofcarefulcomparisonswithotherfossils，usingDNAdatatobuildafamilytree,theteamisconvincedthecreaturewasapantherinefelid.
TheweightofevidencesuggeststhatcentralornorthernAsiaiswherebigcatsoriginatedsome16millionyearsago.Theymayhavelivedinavastmountainshelter，formedbytheupliftingHimalayas，feedingonequallyremarkablespeciessuchastheTibetanbluesheep.Theythendispersed（分散）intoSoutheastAsia，evolvingintothecloudedleopard，tigerandsnowleopardfamilies，andlatermovementsacrosscontinentssawthemevolveintojaguarsandlions.
ThenewlydiscoveredfelidhasbeencalledPantheraBlytheae，afterBlytheHaaga，daughterofacouplewhosupportamuseuminLosAngeles，theuniversitysaidinanewsrelease.
【语篇解读】 人们一直认为，像豹这样的大型猫科动物的起源地是非洲，但是最近古生物学家有了新的发现，最后得出的结论是它们的起源地在亚洲的中部。
8．Accordingtothepassage，whyistheoriginofbigcatsahotissue?
A．Becausenotmanyfossilshavebeenfound.
B．Becausetheymovedacrosscontinents.
C．Becausenoequipmentwasavailableforaccurateanalysis.
D．Becausetheyhaveevolvedintomanydifferentspeciesoffelid.
解析：
A 细节理解题。
根据第三段可知，大型猫科动物的进化一直以来都是人们热烈讨论的问题，而且这是一个复杂的问题，这是因为缺乏解决问题的化石作为证据。
该段提供的信息正好和A项符合，故选A项（因为没有发现很多化石）。
9．Wherewasthenewfelidfossilfound?
A．InTanzania B．InTibet.
C．InCalifornia.D．InSoutheastAsia.
解析：
B 细节理解题。
根据第五段第一句“Zengandhisteammadethefindin2010inaremoteborderregioninTibet.”可知，曾和他的团队于2010年在西藏一个偏远的边境地区有了新的发现。
10．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A．Somebigcatsevolvedintojaguars16millionyearsago.
B．Theoldestfossilofbigcatseverdiscoveredis3.8millionyearsold.
C．Bigcatsarelatergenerationsofsnowleopardslivinginhighmountains.
D．TibetanbluesheepwasamainfoodsourceforbigcatsintheHimalayas.
解析：
D 细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段第二句“Theymayhavelivedinavast...feedingonequallyremarkablespeciessuchastheTibetanbluesheep.”可知，大型猫科动物主要以和它们同样不寻常的物种为生，比如藏岩羊。
该信息和D项吻合，故选D项。
11．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?
A．Topromotewildlifeconservation.
B．Toreportonanewfindinpaleontology.
C．Tointroduceanewanimalspecies.
D．Tocomparethefamilytreesofpantherinefelids.
解析：
B 推理判断题。
本篇文章的中心段是第一段，其中作者告诉我们古生物学家在星期三报告：
最近出土的一个古代的头骨表明大型猫科动物起源于亚洲中部，而不是大家广泛认为的非洲。
下文就此新发现进行了详细的说明，由此可以推断出这篇文章的目的是报告在古生物学上的新发现，故选B项。
D
（2018·山西八校联考）
Illegallytradedendangeredspeciesthatescape，formingsecondarypopulations，offe
升级会员 