湖南省湘潭县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础选编1.docx

湖南省湘潭县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础选编1.docx

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湖南省湘潭县高考英语二轮复习阅读理解基础选编1

湖南湘潭县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解基础选编

（1）

高考英语阅读理解提升全程训练及答案

阅读理解-----A

ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheautomobile（汽车）.ButHenryForddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.ThatwaselevenyearsaftertwoGermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobile.ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworker,insteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.Thatisnottrue,either.ManyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeFord.WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.Andhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionline.

Intheearlydaysoftheautomobile,almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.HenryForddecidedtobuildaracingcar.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.Itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.

Theracewasin1901,atafieldnearDetroit.Allofthemostfamouscarshadentered,butonlytwowereleft:

theWintonandFord's.TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeed.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.

TheWintontookanearlylead.Buthalfwaythroughtherace,itbegantolosepower.Fordstartedtogain.Andneartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.FordwontheraceanddefeatedtheWinton.Hisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewell-knownallovertheUnitedStates.Withinweeksoftherace,HenryFordformedanewautomobilecompany.Inthe1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.ThatsalewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsaid:

"Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople.Itwillbelargeenoughforthefamily,butsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.Itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.Itwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployed.Anditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodemengineeringcanproduce.Itwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone."

TheModelTwasacarofthatkind.Itonlycost$850.Itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.DoctorsboughttheModelT.Sodidfarmers.Evencriminals.Theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.AmericanslovedtheModelT.Theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.ThousandsofModelT'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.

（）1.WhatdoweknowaboutHenryFordfromParagraph1?

A.Hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.

B.Heproducedthefirstcarintheworld.

C.Heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.

D.Heinventedtheproductionline.

【答案】：

A

【解析】：

细节题。

由文章WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.可选A。

（）2.WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carrace?

A.Toshowoffhisdrivingskills.

B.Todrawpublicattention.

C.Tolearnaboutnewtechnology.

D.Toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.

【答案】：

B。

【解析】：

细节题。

由文章第3段TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeed.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.可得出B。

（）3.“Thatsale”inParagraph4refersto.

A.thesellingofFordcarsatreducedprices

B.thesaleofModelTtothemassofpeople

C.thesellingofacartoaDetroitdoctor

D.thesalestargetfortheFordCompany

【答案】：

C

【解析】：

猜测词义，有上文Inthe1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.可知。

（）4.WhatwasHenryFord'sdreamaccordingtothetext?

A.Producingcarsforaveragecustomers.

B.Buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.

C.Designingmorecarmodels.

D.Startingmorecompanies.

【答案】：

A

【解析】：

细节题，由Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople可选A。

阅读理解-----B

TheCoalitionfortheHomelessisanorganizationthatseekstoaddresstheneedsofthehomelesspopulationintheUnitedStates.Itisanetworkofoffices,someofwhichprovidefoodandhousesforthehomelesspopulation,andsomeofwhichfightforthepassingoflawsthatofovertwohundredmillionpeoplelivingintheUnitedStates,uptothreemillionarehomeless—andthenumberisstillgrowing.Sincethelate1970s,fastrisinghouseprices,largecutsingovernmentsupportedhousingprograms,andeconomicrecession（经济衰退）havemadeitimpossibleformanyAmericanstomeethousingcosts.Sadly,thishasresultedinanumberofpersonsbeingforcedtoleavetheirhomesand/orunabletofindnewaffordablehomes.Accordingtoanotherresearch,familieswithchildrenappeartobethefastest-growingpartofthehomelesspopulation,makingup39%ofit.Theoldideaofahomelessperson,thatofthesinglemanwhogetsdrunkallthetime,isnolongertrue.Amuchlagerpartofthepopulationnowfindsitselfhomeless.Evenworse,onceapersonbecomeshomeless,heoftenfindsitimpossibletofindajob,sincemostemployersrequireanyonewhowantsajobfromthemtoprovideahomeaddressonajobapplication.

（）1.Theword“address”inthefirstlineprobablymeans.

A.talkaboutB.dealwithC.fightforD.writeto

【答案】：

B

【解析】：

猜测词义题。

由后文Itisanetworkofoffices,someofwhichprovidefoodandhousesforthehomelesspopulation,andsomeofwhichfightforthepassingoflawsthatofovertwohundredmillionpeoplelivingintheUnitedStates,可得出选B。

（）2.HowmanypeoplearehomelessintheU.S.accordingtotheCoalitionstudies?

A.39%ofthepopulation.B.200millionpeople.

C.About3millionpeople.D.Aboutone-fifthofthepopulation.

【答案】：

C

【解析】：

细节题，由uptothreemillionarehomeless可得出C。

（）3.Homelesspeopleoftenhavedifficultyfindingajobbecause.

A.theyhavenohomeaddresses

B.theymostlyhaveadrinkingproblem

C.theyaren'tsupportedbygovernmentprograms

D.theyoftendon'thaveenoughworkexperience

【答案】：

A

【解析】：

细节题，由heoftenfindsitimpossibletofindajob,sincemostemployersrequireanyonewhowantsajobfromthemtoprovideahomeaddressonajobapplication.可知。

（）4.WhatisthemaincauseoftherisingnumberofthehomelessintheU.S.?

A.Thepassingofnewhousinglaws.B.Thefastgrowthoffamilysize.

C.Theslowconstructionofhouses.D.Theever-risingpriceofhousing.

【答案】：

D

【解析】：

细节题，由fastrisinghouseprices,largecutsingovernmentsupportedhousingprograms,andeconomicrecession（经济衰退）可知选D。

阅读理解。

EveryyearinAmerica,high-schoolstudentswhowanttogoontocollegetakeanationalexaminationcalledtheScholasticAptitudeTest,orSATinashortenedway.Theirscoreisanimportantfactorindeterminingwhichcollegeswilladmitthemorwhetheranywillbeadmittedatall.TheScholasticAptitudeTestmuasuresone’smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally,theEnglishportioninvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.

ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion,tobeansweredinanessay,hand-writtenonthespot.That’saninterestingwaytotestwritingability,butcontentaside,haveyoueverseenyoungpeople’shandwritinglately?

Oranyone’sforthatmatter,inthisageofcomputerkeyboards?

Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.Theyscribbleclassnotesinwhatcangenerouslybedescribedasthewrittenword.Andtheyhand-write,ormoreoftenprint,awordortwoofidentificationonluggageandlunchbags.Otherwise,penmanship（书法）-oncetaughtsomorallyandcarefullybysecond-gradeteachers,hasgonethewayofthedodobirdwhichhasdiedout.

Yettoday’skidsareaskedtowrite,thoughtfullyandlegibly,forseveralminutesonthisSATTest.Goodlucktothetestscorerswhomustworkoutdifficultlythescrawlofyoungpeoplewho’vebeentypingoncomputerssincetheageofthree!

Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone’sscoreontheSAT,butalso,lateroninlife,impresspotentialemployersandearnbiggertaxrefundsbecausethetaxinspectorscanactuallyreadthecomputations.Anddon’tforget,weallhavetoresorttohandwritingfromrimetotime,ascomputersgodownwhenthepowergoesout.

1.ThesubjectstobetestedintheSATinclude.

A.math,English,readingandhandwriting

B.math,grammar,readingandwriting

C.math,foreignlanguageandwriting

D.math,Englishandhandwriting

答案解析：

答案为B。

本题为细节题。

由第一段最后两句话“TheScholasticAptitudeTestmuasuresone’smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally,theEnglishportioninvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.”和第二段第一句话“ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion,tobeansweredinanessay,hand-writtenonthespot.”可知，答案为B。

2.Theauthorwritethispassagetointroducethefactthat.

A.writingseemstobeveryimportantintheSAT

B.thosewhowillgotocollegeshavetotaketheSAT

C.studentsshouldpracticehandwritingmoreoften

D.atthecomputeragekidsdon’tknowhowtowrite.

答案解析：

答案为C。

本题为文章的主旨大意题。

全文由SAT考试增加书面表达部分的改革引入话题---当前学生不重视书写，因此此项改革就是为了使学生书写工整，改掉书写潦草的坏习惯。

故答案为C。

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scribble”probablymean?

A.writequicklyandroughlyB.takenotesdifficultly

C.printpenmanshipcarefullyD.describewrittenwordgenerously

答案解析：

答案为A。

本题为词义推断题。

结合划线部分的上下文，在这个计算机时代，学生手写的内容已经非常罕见，只有一两个单词写在行李箱或者午餐包上，用来辨认物主，书法在其他场合就像嘟嘟鸟一样灭绝了。

故可以推断，学生在课堂上记笔记非常潦草。

故答案为A，迅速而粗糙地书写。

4.Accordingtothepassagegoodhandwritingcan.

A.helpstudentsgethighscoresintests

B.makeastudentmorepopular

C.measurestudents’sability

D.assistonetogetajob

答案解析：

答案为D。

本题为细节题。

由文章最后一段“Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone’sscoreontheSAT,butalso,lateroninlife,impresspotentialemployersandearnbiggertaxrefundsbecausethetaxinspectorscanactuallyreadthecomputations.”可知，漂亮的书法不仅对SAT考试得分起到帮助作用，而且能给今后找工作时的雇主留下良好的印象，获得更多的退税。

故答案为D，帮助一个人找工作。

干扰项最强的A选项“帮助学生获得高分”拔高了文章的意思。

故答案为D。

阅读理解-----A

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