广州市 届高三英语线上联考高考英语备考宝典后附答案及评分标准.docx

广州市 届高三英语线上联考高考英语备考宝典后附答案及评分标准.docx

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广州市届高三英语线上联考高考英语备考宝典后附答案及评分标准

秘密★启用前试卷类型：

B

广州市2020届高三年级阶段训练题

英语

本试卷共10页，满分120分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用

2B铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号及试卷类型（B）。

因听力另考，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

写在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

MamaandIspendmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblowsintoourhouse.Mamasaysallthedustisduetothedrought.Thedirtsiftsintoeverything.Itcoversourclothes.Wehavetowashthedishesbeforeeachmeal.WerarelydrivethetruckbecausePapafearsthedustfromtheroadwillruinthemotor.

Whenmysister,Faye,andIwalktoschool,wewearkerchiefsoverourmouthssowedon’tbreatheinthedirt.Ondayswhentheairissobadthattheyclosetheschool,westayhomeandhelpMamaputwetsheetsoverthewindows.Butthedirtalwaysfindsawayin.

LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclearbluesky.Afterlunch,PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileIplayedwithFayeintheyard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped.Ilookedtothewestandsawahugeblackcloudofdust.Allthebirdsflewaway.“ImustwarnPapa,”Ithoughttomyself.Toavoidherpanicking,IgentlytoldFayetogobackinsidewhereshewouldbesafe,andthenheadedofftothefield.

Thestormhitsofast,andinaninstantthedayturnedintonight.BythetimeIenteredthecowfieldthefinesandwaswhippingacrossmyface.IscreamedforPapa,hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.

Thedirtandsandstungmyskinlikeathousandbees.AlthoughIwasterrified,Irefusedto

turnback.Mydadwasstrandedandneededmyhelp.Coveringmyfacewithonehand,Igropedmywaytowardthetruckandopenedthedoor.FirstItriedturningthetruck’slightsonandoff,hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing,butthesandstormletnolightescape.ThenIpushedthehornagainandagain,soPapawouldhearit.IpusheduntilIhadnomorestrengthinmyarms.

Suddenly,Papa’sfaceappearedatthewindow.Myheartleapedwithsurpriseandrelief.Heopenedthedoorandclimbedontotheseatnexttome.Hethenpulledmeintohisarmsandsaid,“Oh,Iris,yousavedme!

”

Finally,thewindsubsidedandthedustbegantosettle.Dirtwaspileduptothewindowononesideofthetruckandhalfwayupthedoorontheother.Papakickedagainstthedoor,openingitfarenoughtoletusout.

Sandandsoildriftswereeverywhere,butweweresafe.

21.Whatisthemainfunctionofthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Itdescribesaproblemthecharactersmustsolve.

B.Itestablishesthesettingwherethestorytakesplace.

C.Itintroducesthecharactersthatwillfollowinthestory.

D.Itexplainsthemotivationsforthecharacters’lateractions.

22.WhydidPapagotothefieldthatSunday?

A.Hewastryingtogettohistruck.

B.Heneededtopreparethefieldforharvest.

C.Hewantedtomakesuretheanimalswerefine.

D.Heplannedtobringinthecattlebeforethestorm.

23.HowdidIrissaveherfather?

A.Bywarninghimtorunaway.

B.Byturningonthetruck’slights.

C.Byguidinghimtowardstheshelter.

D.Byscreaminghisnameatthetopofhervoice.

24.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeIris?

A.Braveandcalm.

B.Experiencedandconfident.

C.Adventurousandcareful.

D.Fearlessandsympathetic.

B

25.WhatistrueabouttheMilkyWay?

A.Thereareonlystarsinsideit.

B.Thereisablackholeatitscenter.

C.It’sthebiggestspiralgalaxyintheuniverse.

D.Ittakes100,000yearstogettherefromEarth.

26.Whichofthefollowingisthemainfactorincategorizinggalaxies?

A.Shape.B.Size.C.Numberofstars.D.Distancefromthesun.

27.Whichofthefollowinggalaxiescanbeclassifiedasirregular?

A.WhaleGalaxy—similartotheMilkyWaybothinsizeandshape.

B.CygnusA（3C405）Galaxy—thebrightesteggshapewecanobserve.

C.CigarGalaxy—longandnarrowgalaxythatlookslikeanashycloud.

D.SunflowerGalaxy—galaxywithmultiplearmsradiatingfromitsbrightcore.

C

TheSilkRoadisarguablythemostfamouslong-distancetraderouteoftheancientworld.ThispassageconnectedEuropeintheWestwithChinaintheEast,andallowedtheexchangeofgoods,technology,andideasbetweenthetwocivilizations.Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravellingtheroad,itwasnotwithoutrisk.

ThemainSilkRoadstartedinChang’an（knowntodayasXi’an）,theearlyHancapital.TravelerscommencingtheirjourneyfromthiscitycouldtakeanorthernroutethatwouldtakethemacrossChina’snorthwesternprovinces.Afterthis,theywouldfacetheGobiDesert,arguablythegreatestdangeroftheSilkRoad.

TheGobiDesert,thelargestdesertinAsia,consistsmainlyofrocky,hardearth.Thisfeaturemadeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross,comparedtosandydesertsliketheneighboringTaklamakanDesert.Likeotherdeserts,theGobiDesertisdryandhot,andthereforethebiggestchallengetravelersfacedwasobtainingenoughwaterforthemselvesaswellasfortheircamels.

So,reststopswerecreatedalongtheroute,allowingtravelerstorest,eatanddrink.Theseplacesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods,andevenideas,amongstthetravelerswhostoppedthere.Usually,thereststopswereplacedwithinaday’sjourneyofeachother.Inthisway,travelerscouldavoidspendingtoomuchtimeinthedesert,whichwouldmakethemtargetsforrobbers,anotherdangeroftheSilkRoad.

OncethroughtheGobiDesert,travelerswouldcontinuetheirjourneyintoIran,Turkey,andfinallyEurope.Whilstthispartofthejourneymayhavebeenlessdangerous,itisnotentirelywithoutitsperils.

28.Theunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphrefersto.

A.makinghugeprofits

B.travelingtheSilkRoad

C.exchanginggoodsandideas

D.connectingdifferentcivilizations

29.WhywastheGobiDeserteasiertocrossthanotherdeserts?

A.Thedesert’ssurfacewaseasiertowalkon.

B.Camelsfortransportationwereeasiertofind.

C.Itwassmallerandcouldbecrossedinlesstime.

D.Thereweremorenaturalwatersourcesavailable.

30.WhatcanweguessaboutthereststopsintheGobiDesert?

A.Travelerswereofferedfreeaccommodation.

B.Theywerelocatedaroundtheedgesofthedesert.

C.Travelersstayingtherewereoftenattackedbycriminals.

D.Theyweresharedbytravelersfromdifferentcountries.

31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.TheoriginsoftheSilkRoad.

B.ThebenefitsoftheSilkRoad.

C.ThedifficultiesfacedbySilkRoadtravelers.

D.TheculturalexchangesamongSilkRoadtravelers.

D

Let’sbeginwiththestory:

KingHierocontractstheancientGreekpolymathArchimedes（阿基米德）todetectfraudinthemanufactureofagoldencrown.Archimedesacceptsthechallengeand,duringasubsequenttriptothepublicbaths,realizesthatthemorehisbodysinksintothewater,themorewaterisdisplaced—makingthedisplacedwateranexactmeasureofhisvolume.

RealizinghehashituponamethodtodeterminewhethertheKing’scrownwasmadeofgoldorsilver,theyoungGreekleapsoutofthebathandrusheshomenakedcrying“Eureka!

Eureka!

”Or,translated:

“I’vefoundit!

I’vefoundit!

”

Toobad,however,Archimedesprobablyneverutteredthephraseinthatway.

Firstandforemost,Archimedeshimselfneverwroteaboutthisepisode,althoughhespentplentyoftimedetailingthelawsofbuoyancy（浮力）.Theoldestauthorityforthenaked-ArchimedeseurekastoryisVitruvius,aRomanwriter,whoincludedthetaleinhisintroductiontohisninthbookofarchitecture.“Vitruviusmayhavegottenitwrong,”saysChrisSchmitt,amathematicianattheUniversityofBerlinandaself-describedArchimedesfan.“ThemethodattributedtoArchimedesinthestoryworksintheorysoitsoundsright,butwhenyouactuallytryit,youfindthattherealworldgetsintheway.”

Infact,Schmittisoneofalonglineofscientists,includingGalileo,whohavereadtheaccountandthought,“Thatcan’tberight.”AsGalileowrote,Archimedescouldhaveachievedafarmorepreciseresultusinghisownlawofbuoyancyandanaccuratescale.Infact,thesurfacetensionofwatercanmakethevolumeofalightobjectlikeacrownimmeasurable.“Theremaybesometruthtoit,”Schmittadds.“Archimedesdidmeasurethevolumeofthingsbuttheeurekamomentwasmaybeduetohisoriginaldiscoveryconcerningbuoyance,nottosittinginthebathtubandthenrunningthroughthestreetsnaked.”

MuchlikeNewton’sapple,theexclamationpersistsbecauseoftheenduringpowerofthestory:

agoldencrown,alifeinthebalance,anakedmathematician.Thesuspectfoundationsofthe

eurekamomenttakenothingawayfromtheword’sabilitytouniquelyandconciselyconveytheflashofinspiration.

32.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,howwouldArchimedesmeasurethevolumeofthecrown?

A.Hewouldweighhimselfwithandwithoutthecrown.

B.Hewouldweighthecrownfirstandthenputitintowater.

C.Hewouldgotothepublicbathswearingthecrownonhishead.

D.Hewouldsinkthecrownintowaterandmeasurethewaterdisplaced.

33.WhatdidGalileoprobablythinkofthenaked-Archimedeseurekastory?

A.Hebelievedtheword“eureka”wassaidinanothersituation.

B.HesuspectedArchimedesdidn’trunthroughthestreetnaked.

C.HedoubtedArchimedescarriedouttheexperimentindependently.

D.HethoughtArchimedeswouldnothaveusedthemethoddescribed.

34.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthelast