新视野大学英语第三版读写教程4汉译英和完形填空.docx

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程4汉译英和完形填空.docx

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新视野大学英语第三版读写教程4汉译英和完形填空

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程4汉译英和完形填空

Unit1

1.Bankedcloze

Haveyoueverheardpeoplesaythattheytendtobemoreofaright-brain

orleft-brainthinker?

Frombookstotelevisionprograms,youhaveprobablyheard

thetermmentionednumeroustimes,orperhapsyouhaveeventakenanonlinetesttodeterminewhichtypebestdescribesyou.

Dodifferentpartsofthebrainreallycontroldifferentbodilyandmentalfunctions?

Overtheyears,atheorythathasgainedinpopularityisthattherightbrainandtheleftbrainareresponsiblefordifferentmodesofthoughtandthatthewayinwhichapersonthinkswilldependonwhichsideofhisbrainworksmoreactively.

Peoplewhorelymoreheavilyontherighthalfoftheirbraintendtobemoreimaginativeandspontaneous.Theyareinterestedinpatterns,shapesandsizes,fortherightbrainisassociatedwithartisticabilitylikesinging,painting,

Writingpoetry,etc.Left-braindominatedpeoplearequiteoppositeinthewaytheythink.Theytendtobemorelogicalandanalyticalintheirthinkingandusuallystandoutinmathematicsandwordskills.

Whilethedifferentfunctionsofthetwobrainpartsmayhavebeendistortedandexaggeratedbypopularpsychology,understandingyoustrengthsandweaknessesincertainareascanhelpyoudevelopbetterwaystolearnandstudy.Forexample,ifyouareusuallystumpedintryingtofollowverbalinstructions,anactivityoftencitedasaright-braincharacteristic,youcanbenefitfromwritingdowndirectionsanddevelopingbetterorganizationalskills.

2.中庸思想（DoctrineoftheMean）是儒家思想的核心内容。

TheDoctrineoftheMean

Myexperiencewiththisgirlfriendexemplifiesacommonphenomenoninlife-whenitcomestocomplimentingawoman,menoftenwalkaverydifficultline.Ofcourse,contextmatters.Inaprofessionalsetting,talkingaboutappearanceisofteninappropriate,butatasinglesclub,itmaybeimportant.Shewillbeverypleasedifamanthinksherclothsandaccessoriesarepretty,orherhairlookswonderful.However,thingsinbetweenthesetwocasesareunclear.Womenhaveeveryrighttoberecognizedandappreciatedortheirintelligenceandcreativity.Butatthesametime,theywanttobeadmiredfortheirlooksaswell,forexample,theirperfectskincomplexionandelegantoutfits.

Unfortunately,mostguysdon’tunderstandthis.Ifwereceivecomplimentsfromwomen,they’reusuallyaboutourachievements,notourlooks.Mostofusdon’texpectawomantotellushowhandsomeorsexyweare,andsomeofuswouldfindithardtoregardsucha（an）commentassincere.

I’mnotsayingit’sveryhardtobeaguythesedays.Itisimportantforeverymantounderstandhowtotreatwomenwithbothrespectandadmiration.Butasfarastherightbalanceofthesetwoisconcerned,wereallyhavenoframeofreference,especiallywhenitcomestolooks.

1.中国的四大名著是指《三国演义》（RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms）、《水浒传》（OutlawsoftheMarsh）、《西游记》（JourneytotheWest）和《红楼梦》（ADreamofRedMansions）四部著名小说。

ThefourgreatclassicChinesenovelsareRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms,OutlawsoftheMarsh,JourneytotheWestandADreamofRedMansions.它们的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间，AllthefournovelswerewrittenduringtheperiodfromthelateYuanandearlyMingdynastiestotheQingDynasty.其内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、社会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。

TheyallreflectvariousaspectsofancientChina,includingpoliticalandmilitarystrife,socialconflictsandculturalbeliefs.四大名著具有很高的艺术水平，代表了中国古典小说的高峰。

Thefournovelsareofsupremeartisticstandards,representingthepeakofChina’sclassicnovels.书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓，并且已经深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念和价值取向。

Lotsofthecharactersandscenesinthebooksarewell-knowninChinaandhaveexertedprofoundinfluencesontheideologyandvaluesoftheentirenation.四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的研究价值，是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。

HighlyvaluablefortheresearchofChina’sancientcustoms,feudalsystem,andsociallife,thefourclassicnovelsarepreciousculturalrelicsofChinaaswellasthehumansocietyasawhole.

Unit3

1.Bankedcloze

Insomeurbancenters,workaholism（工作狂）issocommonthatpeopledunotconsideritunusual:

Theyacceptthelifestyleasnormal.GovernmentworkersinWashingtonD.C.,forexample,frequentlywork60to70hoursaweek.Theydon’tdothisbecausetheyhavedo;theydoitbecausetheywantto.

Workaholismcanbeaseriousproblem.Trueworkaholics,beingdeeplyimmersedintheirwork,allowthemselveslittleornotimetotakebreaks.Theyliketoworkwithoutbeingdisrupted,andtheyprobablydon’tknowhowtorelax.

ButisWorkaholismalwaysbad?

Perhapsnot.Therearepeoplewhoworkwellunderstress.Besides,somestudiesshowthatmanyworkaholicshavegreatenergyandinterestintheirownsphere.Theirworkissopleasurablethattheyareactuallyveryhappy.Formostworkaholics,workandentertainmentarethesamething.Theirworkchallengethem,keepingthembusyandgenuinelyengaged.

Whydoworkaholicsenjoydoingtheirjobssomuch?

Ofcoursetheygetpaychecksfromit,butitishardtoquantifythepleasurewithmoney.Itoffersmorethanfinancialsecurity.Psychologistsclaimthatworkgivespeopleanidentityandprovidesthemwithself-confidence.Peoplehaveafeelingofsatisfactionwhentheyadministrateabusinesswellorcompleteachallengingpieceofwork.Inaddition,mostjobsprovideasociallyacceptablewayforpeopletomeetothers.So,thoughtsomepeoplearecompulsive（强迫性的）abouttheirwork,theiraddictionseemstobeasafeorevenanadvantageousone.Theyfeelemptyandincompletewhentheyareinvolvedinactivitiesnotrelatedtowork.

2.近年来，随着互联网技术的迅猛发展，互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。

Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofInternettechnology,theInterneteconomyhasbecomeahotissue.以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎。

AsrepresentedbythepromisingE-commerce,theInterneteconomyhasbecomeastrongdrivingforcefortheeconomicdevelopment.我国政府高度重视发展互联网，提出了“互联网+”的概念，以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金融、公共服务等领域的结合。

OurgovernmentattachesgreatimportancetodevelopingtheInterneteconomyandproposestheconceptof“Internetplus”,aimingtointegrateInternetwithotherindustries,suchashealthcare,transportation,education,financeandpublicservice.这将为互联网经济的发展提供极大的发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。

ThiswillcreategreatpotentialandbroadprospectsforthedevelopmentofftheInterneteconomy.随着“户联网+”战略的深入实施，互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合，助力打造“中国经济升级版”。

Withtheimplementationofthe“InternetPlus”strategy,theInternetiscertaintobeintegratedwithmoretraditionalindustriesandhelpbuild“theupgradedversionoftheChineseeconomy”.

Unit4

1.Bankedcloze

Farminginvariablyinterfereswiththehabitatsofplantsandanimals.However,thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatagricultureandbiodiversityareincompatible.Infact,quitetheoppositeistrue.Thesustainablecultivationofplantsforfoodandfeedactuallyenablesustopreservebiodiversity.

By2021,thereweremorethantwiceasmanypeoplelivingontheplanetastherewerein1961.Overthesameperiod,thetotalamountofavailablearable（）landgrewbyjust10percent.Incomparisonwithpopulationgrowth,theexpansionofarablelandwassmall.Andtherearelimitstofurtherexpansion.Alargeproportionoftheearth’ssurface-likedeserts-isnotsuitableforcultivation,andotherareasareutilizedbyhumansforroadsandbuildings.Somelandthatisrichinbiodiversityneedstobepreservedandthusshouldnotbeconvertedintoarableland.Thetropicalrainforests,forexample,havethehighestspeciesdensityintheworld,andchangingthislandforcropcultivationwouldbedreadfultothesespecies’habitatsand,indeed,existence.

By2050,globaldemandforfoodwillhaverisenby70percent.Buttheexpansionoflandavailableforcultivationhasitslimits.Thisisoneofthegreatestchallengesfacingagriculturetoday:

Howdowebalancetheincreaseddemandforfoodwiththeneedtomaintainbiologicaldiversity,nowandinthefuture?

Efficientandsaneuseoflandwillbekeytopreservingnaturalanimalandplanthabitats.Toachievethisaimwilldependtoa（an）considerableextentontheuseofmodernagriculturalmethods.Ifthesemethodsaresuccessfullyapplied,webelievethatagricultureandbiodiversitycancoexistinharmony.

2.苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。

SuzhougardensarethemostoutstandingrepresentativesofclassicalChinesegardens.Mostofthemwereprivately-owned.苏州园林始于春秋，兴于宋元，盛于明清。

ThegardensfirstappearedintheSpringandAutumnPeriod,developintheSongandYuandynasties,andflourishedintheMingandQingdynasties.清末苏州园林已有各色园林170余处，为其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。

BythelateQingDynasty,Suzhouhadgotasmanyasover170gardensofdiverse,winningitthename“TheCityofGardens”.现保存完好的园林有60多处，对外开放的有十余处。

Now,over60gardensarekeptingoodcondition,ofwhichmorethan10areopentothepublic.其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园和留园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格，被称为“苏州四大名园”。

TheSurgingWavePavilion,theLionGroveGarden,theHumbleAdministrator’sGardenandtheLingeringGardenarecalledthefourmostfamousgardeninSuzhou,representingtheartisticstylesoftheSong,Yuan,MingandQingdynastiesrespectively.苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反映了中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪习俗。

Suzhougardensareassembliesofresidencesandgardens,whichmakethemsuitableplacesforliving,visitingandappreciating.ThearchitecturalprinciplesofthegardensareademonstrationofthelifestyleandsocialcustomsoftheancientChinesepeopleinthesouthoftheLowerYangtzeRiver.苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。

SuzhougardensarenotonlyaproductofChinesehistoryandculture,butalsoacarrieroftraditionalChineseideologyandculture.1997年，苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录”。

In1997,SuzhougardenswereinscribedontheWorldHeritageListbyUNESCO.

Unit5

1.Stereotypeshavesometruthmixedinwithafew