高二册912课语言要点归纳与扩展模板.docx
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高二册912课语言要点归纳与扩展模板
高二册9—12课语言要点归纳与扩展
[作者] 赵文斌/蔡艳芬
[内容]
一、
┌much,some,great(用于肯定句)┐
(be)of┤no,little(表示否定)├+名词
└any(用于疑问句)┘
(书面语,比较郑重的说法)
=(be)+(very)+形容词(形容词与上面的名词同根)(多用于口语)
(1)该结构可在句中充当表语,后置定语或补语。
(2)该结构中形容词后接的名词常见的为抽象名词value,importance,
use,help,benefit,interest,difference,courage,fun等。
(3)该结构中的名词也可以是表示年龄、颜色、尺寸、样式的词,如age,
colour,size,type等。
Themeetingisofgreatimportancetome.
=Themeetingisveryimportanttome.
Thiskindofdictionaryisofnousetousstudents.
=Thiskindofdictionaryisuselesstousstudents.
Whathehasdoneisofgreatbenefittothepeople.他所做的事对人
民有很大的益处。
Everythingthatwesawwasofgreatinteresttous.
Thedictionarywillbeofgreatvaluetothestudentswhoarelearners
ofEnglish.
Thoughwhathesaidwasoflittlehelptome,Ithankedhimallthe
same.
Thisisabookofsomeuse.=Thisisausefulbook.
Ithoughtthedoctor’sadviceofmuchhelptoyou.
Mountaineeringisofgreatfun,butatthesametimewemustnotforget
thedanger.
Weareofanage.=Weareofthesameage.
Thesetworoomsareofasize.=Thesetworoomsareofthesamesize.
二、
┌no...but...┐
A.┤nothingbut...├”只有”,
└nothing...but...┘”除……外没有……”
B.not...but...”不是……而是……”
┌notonly(或just)...┐
C.┤but(also)...├”不仅……
│notonly(或just)...│而且……”
└but...aswell┘
(1)A中的but为介词,意为”除了”,相当于except,而B、C中的but
均为连词,but前后须为对等成分。
(2)notonly(或just)后接句子置于句首时,句子要采用部分倒装,
但but(also)后的句子则不要倒装。
C中的结构连接两个并列主语时,不需要
倒装,主谓一致应采用就近一致的原则。
(3)”动词+nothingbut+动词”结构,意为”只得干……,除了干……
别无选择”。
前面谓语动词部分若含有do的形式,but后的动词为省略to的
不定式,若前面无do的形式,则but后用带to的不定式形式,即“带do不
带to,带to不带do”。
[考例]①Themanlookedattheloomsbutcouldsee______emptyframes.
butbut
butbut(86上海)②Idon’twanttogonotbecause
beingbusy
butbecauseI
─────────────
ABCenjoybeingalone.(B处错误,将其改为Iambusy)(93上海)
──────
D
Noonebutheknewaboutit.
There’snothinginmypocketbutapen.
Heisnotateacher,butaworker,averyfamousworkerinourfactory.
Theywerenotthebonesofananimal,but(thebones)ofahumanbeing.
Hewentnottohelphisfatherbuttoborrowmoneyfromhim.他不是
去帮父亲的忙,而是去向父亲借钱。
Hefailednotbecauseheisn’tcleverbutbecausehedidn’tworkhard.
HecanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutFrenchaswell.
Henotonlyswimsveryfastbutalsoskatesverywell.
ThesingersdonotjustefromHefeibutfromalloverthecountry.
Notonlydidheteachatschool,buthewrotenovels.他不但在学校
里教书,而且还写小说。
三、
┌keepintouchwith...┐
│(与……保持)│
│getin/intotouchwith...│
┤(与……取得)├(表示动作)
│lose/geoutoftouchwith...│
│(与……失去)│
└┘
┌beintouchwith...┐
│(与……有)│
┤beoutoftouchwith...├(表示状态)
└(与……失去)┘
(考例)Here’smycard.Let’skeepin_________.
(NMET94)
Wemustkeepintouchwithwhatishappeninginforeigncountries.
Ihaven’tbeenintouchwithhimsinceweleftschoolfiveyearsago.
Writetomeasoftenasyoucan.Idon’twanttolosetouchwithyou.
Ifyouliveinthecountry,yousoongetoutoftouchwiththings.
I’mtryingtogetintouchwithmybrother.
Wehavebeenoutoftouchwiththemforabouttenyears.
四、sit/seat
(1)请坐!
┌Sitdown,please.
│Beseated,please.
┤Havea(或your)seat,please.
│Takea(或your)seat,please.
└Seatyourself,please.
(2)┌seatoneself+(地点状语)
┤sit+(地点状语)(表示动作)
└beseated+(地点状语)(表示状态)
┌sitting┐
(3)动词(如see,find)+sb+┤seated├
└seatingoneself┘
+地点状语
(4)take(或have)a(或one’s)seat就座,但表达自己坐下时,不能
使用havea(one’s)seat。
[误]Ienteredandhadaseat.
[正]Ienteredandtooka(或my)seat.
(5)seat作为动词还有”容纳”之意。
Thegreathallcanseat(=hold)20XXpeople.(考例)①Atallwoman
dressedinmourning
walkedthrough
──────────
ABthedoorquietlyandseatedheratthetableinthecornerof
─────────────
CDtheroom.(C处错误,将her改为herself)(’91上海)
②Seatedhimselfinachair,MrCrossettbegantolook
────────
ABthroughtheeveningpaperandsuddenlyheheardaknockat────
──CDthedoor.(’93上海)(A处错误,将Seated改为Seating)
③Shortlyafterwe________,awaitercameovertoourtablewitha
smile.
seated
ourselvesplaces(’95上海)
Theywerefoundseatedintheclassroom,preparingfortheexam.
—Whendidthelecturebegin?
—Whenallthestudentswereseated,theprofessorbeganhislecture.
五、wish,expect,hope,want
(1)wish/expect/hope/wanttodosth.
(2)wish/expect/wantsb.todosth.(hope不能用于该句型,但可用
hopeforsb.todosth.)
(3)wish/expect/hopethat从句(want一般不能用于该句型)wish(that)
┌S+V-ed(与现在事实情况相反)
│S+had+pp.(与过去事实情况相反)
┤
│S+could/would/might+动词原形
└(与将来事实情况相反)
(4)wish/hopeforsth.(expect和want不能用于该句型)
(5)wishsb.sth.(只有wish可用于该句型,主要用于表示祝愿)wishsb.
success(apleasantjourney,goodluck,aMerryChristmas,aHappyNew
Year)
(6)
A.┌expect,want┐tohavedonesth.
└hope,wish┘
B.
had┌hoped,wanted┐todosth.
└expected,wished┘
A、B两结构均可表示”本希望(本想),但未实现”。
> (7)hopeso/hopenot或don’thopeso[考例]①—Heisaverybrave
man.
—Yes,IwishI_______hiscourage.
havehave(MET85)
②IwishI_______youyesterday.
A.seensee
seentosee
(MET88)
③Ihope________happywhileyouarehere.
tobeyourbeing
Cyouwillbebeing(’90上海)
④We_______eachotherthebestofluckintheexamination.
(NMET91)
Hesaidhehopedtobebacksoon.
IhopeIcanpasstheexamination.
Hopeforthebestandpreparefortheworst.
—Willitbefinetomorrow?
—Ihopeso.
Ihardlyexpectedtofindyoustillhere.
Iexpectedyoutobeherepromptly.
Youcan’texpectthatsheshouldreceivehim.
Hewantsyoutoseehiminhisofficetomorrow.
IwishIcouldgiveyouahand.
Motherwishedmetobeeadoctor.
HowIwishforaputerofmyown!
HowIwishedIhadn’ttoldhimaboutthesadnews!
Iwishyouhadsenthimamessageyesterday.
Ihopetohaveseenyouoffyesterday,butIhaven’ttime.
=Ihadhopedtoseeyouoffyesterday,butIhaven’ttime.
六、defeat,win,beat
(1)defeatsb.
(2)beatsb.(或team)
(3)winagame(war,prize,race,bet,match,one’srespect,the
election,one’sadmiration)
Aftereightyearsoffighting,theChinesepeopleatlastdefeatedthe
Japaneseinvaders.
经过八年浴血奋战,中国人民终于打败了日本侵略者。
Mysistercamefirstandwontheraceyesterday.
I’msurehewillwinthegame.
Hewontheloveandrespectofthesurroundingpeasants.
Theenemywasbeateninthebattle.
Shebeatherbrotherattennis.
她打球赢了她弟弟。
七、good
adj.
(1)begoodat
(2)begoodforsth.
[反]bebadforsth.
(3)begoodtosb.(good=kind)
(4)begoodtodo(good=fit)
(5)It’sgood(ofsb)todosth.(good=nice,kind)
(6)goodand+adj./adv.(good=nice)
=very+adj./adv.
(7)Wouldyoubesogoodastodosth.
=Wouldyoubegoodenoughtodosth.(good=kind)
(8)agood┌many+n.(复)+v.(复)
┤numberof(good=great=large)
└dealof(good=great)
比较:
manya+n.(单)+v.(单)
many+n.(复)+v.(复)
(9)makegooduseof(good=full)
(10)haveagoodlookat
(11)givesb.agoodbeating
(12)teachsb.agoodlessonn.
(1)do=dogoodtosb.
比较:
dosb.harm=doharmtosb.
dosb.wrong=dowrongtosb.冤枉某人
(2)forthegoodof(good=benefit)
(3)It’s(There’s)nogooddoingsth.(good=use)
(4)What’sthegoodof...?
(good=use)(考例)Johnisvery
good_____sports.He’samemberofourfootballteam.
> (’86上海)
Isuggestedthatyounotdrinksomuchjustforthegoodofyourhealth.
Vegetablesaregoodforyourhealth.
Thewaterinthewellisgoodtodrink.
He’salwaysbeengoodtome.
Theirteamgaveusagoodbeating.
It’sgoodofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.
It’snogoodcryingnow!
What’sthegood/Whatgoodishavingacarifyoucan’tdrive!
Wemustmakegooduseofourtime.
八、prepare
(1)preparesth.准备……
(2)prepareforsth.为……作准备
(3)bepreparedforsth./todosth.对(干)……有心理上的准备=get/be
readyforsth./todosth.
(4)makepreparationsfor
(5)preparesb./oneselfforsth./todosth.使某人(自己)对(干)……
有思想准备
(6)preparetodosth.
(7)preparesb.sth.为某人准备……(考例)Thesecretaryworkedlate
intothenight,_______alongspeechforthepresident.
prepare
preparing
(MET91)
Thestudentsarepreparingforthesportsmeet.
=Thestudentsaregettingreadyforthesportsmeet.
=Thestudentsaremakingpreparationsforthesportsmeet.
We’repreparingtogoonaholidaytoBeijingnextweek.
Yesterdaywhenhecametoseeme,Iwaspreparingmylessons.
Weshouldpreparethechildrenfortheexamination.我们应该使孩子
们对考试有思想准备。
Jackispreparinghimselftositfortheexamination.杰克正在准备
参加考试。
Youmustbepreparedtotakethework.
九、reachv.&n.
(1)reach(更正式)=arrivein/at=getto
(2)reach+地点状语(介词短语充当)”扩展(延伸)到……”
(3)reachsb.送达某人手里
(4)reachsth.够到什么
(5)reach(out)(sth.)forsth.
(6)withinone’sreach=withinthereachofsb.某人能够到……
(7)outofone’sreach=outofthereachofsb.某人够不到……
[考例]—Whereisthenewdictionary?
—It’sonthetopshelf,outof_________.
(’97海淀模拟)
Thebananawasoutofthemonkey’sreach.
Thesoundreachedtothebackofthehall.
Yourletterreachedmethismorning.
Ican’treachthebookontheshelf.Canyouhelpme?
Hereached(out)forapieceofcake.