职称英语真题之理工类B级全含答案.docx
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职称英语真题之理工类B级全含答案
2010年职称英语考试《理工类B级》考点精粹汇总二
一、词汇选项
1JohniscollaboratingwithMaryinwritinganarticle
AcooperatingBcompetingCcombiningDarguing
2Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturnwest
AtwistsBstretchesCbroadensDbends
3Henrycannotresistthelureofdrugs.
AabuseBflavorCtemptationDconsumption
4Theseprogrammesareofimmensevaluetooldpeople.
AnaturalBfatalCtinyDenormous
5Agreatdealhasbeendonetoremedythesituation
AmaintainBimproveCassessDprotect
6Thesearetheirmotivesfordoingit
AreasonsBexcusesCanswersDplans
7Heisdeterminedtoconsolidatehispower
AstrengthenBcontrolCabandonDexercise
8Manyscientistshavebeenprobingpsychologicalproblems
AsolvingCsettlingBexploringDhandling
9Hearingproblemsmaybealleviatedbychangesindietandexercisehabits
AremovedBcuredCworsenedDrelieved
10InBritainandmanyothercountriesappraisalisnowatoolofmanagement.
AevaluationBefficiencyCproductionDpublicity
11Thefoodisinsufficientforthreepeople.
AinstantBinfiniteCinexpensiveDinadequate
12Thousandsofpeopleperishedinthestorm.
AdiedBsufferedCfloatedDscattered
13Butintheendheapprovedofourproposal
AundoubtedlyBcertainlyCultimatelyDnecessarily
14Foryoungchildren,gettingdressedisacomplicatedbusiness.
AstrangeBcomplexCpersonalDfunny
15Andthecarsaretestedfordefectsbeforeleavingthefactory
AfunctionsCmotionsBfaultsDparts
二、阅读判断
TheysayIreland’stheBest
Irelandisthebestplaceintheworldtoliveinfor2005,accordingtoalifequalityrankingthatappearedinBritain’sEconomistmagazinelastweek.
Theambitiousattempttocomparehappinesslevelsaroundtheworldisbasedontheprinciplethatwealthisnottheonlymeasureofhumansatisfactionandwell-being.
Theindexof111countriesusesdataonincomes,health,unemployment,climate,politicalstability,jobsecurity,genderequalityaswellaswhatthemagazinecalls“freedom,familyandcommunitylife”.
Despitethebadweather,troubledhealthservice,trafficcongestion(拥挤),genderinequality,andthehighcostofliving,Irelandscoredanimpressive8.33pointsoutof10.
Thatputitwellaheadofsecond-placeSwitzerland,whichmanaged8.07.Zimbabwe,troubledbypoliticalinsecurityandhunger,isratedthegloomiest(最差的),pickinguponly3.89points.
“Althoughrisingincomesandincreasedindividualchoicesarehighlyvalued,”thereportsaid,“someofthefactorsassociatedwithmodernizationsuchasthebreakdown(崩溃)intraditionalinstitutionsandfamilyvaluesinparttakeawayfromapositiveimpact.
“Irelandwinsbecauseitsuccessfullycombinesthemostdesirableelementsofthenewwiththepreservationofcertainwarmelementsoftheold,suchasstablefamilyandcommunitylife.”
Themagazineadmittedmeasuringqualityoflifeisnotastraightforwardthingtodo,andthatitsfindingswouldhavetheircritics.
No.2onthelistisSwitzerland.Theothernationsinthetop10areNorway,Luxembourg,Sweden,Australia,Iceland,Italy,DenmarkandSpain.
TheUKispositionedatNo.29,amuchlowerpositionchieflybecauseofthesocialandfamilybreakdownrecordedinofficialstatistics.TheUS,whichhasthesecondhighestpercapitaGDP(人均国内生产总值)afterLuxembourg,tookthe13thplaceinthesurvey.Chinawasinthelowerhalftheleagueat60th.
1.TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisamongthetop10countries.
A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned
2.Jobsecurityistheleastimportantmeasureoflifequality.
A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned
3.CostoflivinginIrelandisprettyhigh.
A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned
4.FamilylifeinZimbabweisnotstable.
A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned
5.IrelandispositionedatNo.1becauseitcombinesthemostdesirableelementsofthenewwithsomegoodelementsoftheold.
A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned
6.Tomeasurelifequalityiseasy.
A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned
7.For2,005years,Irelandhasbeenthebestplaceforhumanstolivein.
A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned
三、概括大意
AStarIsBorn
1TheVLT(VeryLargeTelescope)istheworld’slargesttelescope(望远镜)andistakingastronomers(天文学家)furtherbacktotheBigBangthantheyeverthoughtpossible.Located2,600metersuptotheChileanAndes,ithasfourhugemirrors,eachaboutthesizeofaLondonbus.TheVLTissopowerfulitCanspotaburningmatch10.000kilometersaway.
2Thisastonishingpowerwillallowastronomerstoseeeventsinspacefromthebirthofstarstothecollision(碰撞)ofgalaxies(星系)ontheedgeofthecosmos(宇宙).TheVLTisgivingastronomerstheirbest-everviewofthecosmos.ThepoweroftheVLTtoseethesmallestdetailatthefurthestdistancesmakesitsdesignersamazed.
3TakethecaseofEtaCarinae,oneofthemostexplosivestarsintheuniverse.Thisstarproducesultravioletlaserrays(紫外线)anditwilldestroyitselfinafewmillionyears’time.Itisfivetimesbrighterthanthesunandwhenitexplodesitisgoingtobeasightworthwaitingfor!
4Butitisatdistancesofmillions,evenbillions,oflightyearsthattheVLTreallyshowsitspower.TheVLTcandetectlightthatsetoutonitsjourneybeforetheearthevenexisted.Thisgivesastronomerstheirfirst—everdetailedviewsofeventsthattookplaceintheearliestdaysofthecosmos.
5Inotherwords.theVLTisakindofatimemachine.Ittakesastronomersbacktoatimewhencompletegalaxiescrashedintoeachother.Theeffectsofthesepastcollisionscannowbeseenbyscientists,andastronomersbelievethetelescopewillrevealmoreabouttheseexcitingeventsintheyearstocome.Oneday,wemightbeabletosaywehavetraveledbacktothebeginningoftime,andwewillhaveamuchclearerpictureofhowourplanetwasborn.
1.Paragraph1__E_.2.Paragraph2_B__.
3.Paragraph3__C_.4.Paragraph4__A_.
A.Eventsthattookplacebeforetheearthexisted
B.Powerofthetelescope
C.DetailsofEtaCarinae
D.Inventionofatimemachine
E.Biggesttelescope
F.Birthofthenewworlds
5.TheVLTwillallowscientiststoseeevents_B__.
6.ThedesignersoftheVLTaresurprisedat_A__.
7.EtaCarinaeistaken_D__.
8.ScientistsbelievetheVLTwilltellusmoreabout_E__.
A.itsdetectingpower
B.millionsoflightyearsawayinspace
C.thelocationofVLT
D.asanexample
E.thebirthoftheearth
F.therotationoftheearth
四、阅读理解
第一篇:
InvisibilityRing
Scientistscan’tyetmakeaninvisibilitycloak1liketheonethatHarryPotter2uses.But,forthefirsttime,they’veconstructedasimplecloakingdevicethatmakesitselfandsomethingplacedinsideitinvisibletomicrowaves.
Whenaperson“sees”anobject,hisorhereyesensesmanydifferentwavesofvisiblelightastheybounceofftheobject.Theeyeandbrainthenworktogethertoorganizethesesensationsandreconstructtheobject’soriginalshape.So,tomakeanobjectinvisible,scientistshavetokeepwavesfrombouncingoffit.Andtheyhavetomakesuretheobjectcastsnoshadow.Otherwise,theabsenceofreflectedlightononesidewouldgivetheobiectaway.
Invisibilityisn’tpossibleyetwithwavesoflightthatthehumaneyecansee.Butitisnowpossiblewithmicrowaves.Likevisiblelight,microwavesareaformofradiantenergy.Theyarepartoftheelectromagneticspectrum,whichalsoincludesradiowaves,infraredlight,ultravioletrays,Xrays,andgammarays.Thewavelengthsofmicrowavesareshorterthanthoseofradiowavesbutlongerthanthoseofvisiblelight.
Thescientists’new“invisibilitydevice”isthesizeofadrinkcoasterandshapedlikearing.Theringismadeofaspecialmaterialwithunusualability.Whenmicrowavesstrikethering,veryfewbounceoffit.Instead,theypassthroughthering,whichbendsthewavesallthewayarounduntiltheyreachtheoppositeside.Thewavesthenreturntotheiroriginalpaths.
Toadetectorsetuptoreceivemicrowavesontheothersideofthering,itlooksasifthewavesneverchangedtheirpathsasiftherewerenoobjectintheway!
So,theringiseffectivelyinvisible.
Whentheresearchersputasmallcdpperloopinsidethering,it,too,isnearlyinvisible.However,thecloakingdeviceandanythinginsideitdocastapaleshadow.Andthedeviceworksonlyformicrowaves,notforvisiblelightoranykindofelectromagneticradiation.So,HarryPotter’sinvisibilitycloakdoesn’thaveanyrealcompetitionyet.
词汇:
invisibility/invizE5biliti/n.看不见,无形spectrum/5spektrEm/n.光谱
cloak/klEuk/斗篷,披风infrared/5infrE5red/adj.红外线的
microwave/5maikrEuweiv/n.微波ultravioletray紫外线
reconstruct/5ri:
kEn5strQkt/v.重建gammaray伽马射线
radiant/5reidjEnt/adj.辐射的wavelength/5weivleNW/n.波长
electromagnetic/IlektrEJ5mA^nItIk/adj.电磁的coaster/5kEustE(r)/n.托盘,垫子
练习:
1.HarryPotterismentionedinthepassage,becausescientists
Acannowmakeaninvisiblecloakofthesamekindasheuses.
Btrytomakeaninvisiblecloakofthesamekindasheuses.
CtrytoinventadeviceSimilarinideatotheinvisiblecloakheuses.
Dknowthatitispossibletomakeaninvisiblecloakofthesamekind.
2.Whatistrueofmicrowaves?
ATheirwavelengthsareshorterthanthoseofvisiblelight.
BTheirwavelengthsarelongerthanthoseofvisiblelight.
CTheyaredifferentfromvisiblelightastheyareakindofradiantenergy.
DTheyarevisibletothehumaneye.
3.WhatisNOTtrueoftheinvisibilitydevice?
AItismadeofaspecialmaterialwithunusualability.
BMicrowavesbounceoffitwhentheystrikeit.
CMicrowavespassthroughitwhentheystrikeit.
DItbendsthemicrowavesallthewayarounduntiltheyreachtheoppositeside.
4.Whatdoestheword“coaster”meaninthepassage?
AAdiskorplateplacedunderadrinkinggla