Black和黑的文化内涵的对比研究商务英语毕业论文.docx

Black和黑的文化内涵的对比研究商务英语毕业论文.docx

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Black和黑的文化内涵的对比研究商务英语毕业论文

中国某某某某学校

学生毕业设计（论文）

题目：

“Black”和“黑”的文化内涵的对比研究

姓名：

0000000

班级学号：

000000000000

系（部）：

经济管理系

专业：

商务英语

指导教师：

0000000

开题时间：

2009-4-10

完成时间：

2009-11-4

2009年11月4日

毕业设计任务书……………………………………………………1

毕业设计成绩评定表………………………………………………2

答辩申请书………………………………………………………3-5

正文………………………………………………………………6-19

答辩委员会表决意见………………………………………………20

答辩过程记录表……………………………………………………21

课题“Black”和“黑”的文化内涵的对比研究

课题（论文）提纲

1.英汉基本颜色词的研究

2.基本颜色词black和黑的对比研究

2.1黑暗&悲伤

2.2神秘&死亡

2.3罪恶

2.4不幸&灾难

2.5私密&非法

3.汉语或英语中独有的文化内涵

3.1汉语中独有的文化内涵

3.2英语中独有的文化内涵

4.总结

二、内容摘要

我们生活在一个丰富多彩的世界。

在人类生活的这个神奇的彩色世界里,颜色渗透着我们生活的各个领域。

颜色词点缀着我们的人生与整个世界。

语言，作为文化的一个载体，在受到文化影响的同时又注定会反映和传达出特定的文化内涵。

基本颜色词在这一点上体现得淋漓尽致。

基本颜色词反映着社会习俗、宗教、价值体系等众多文化因素的不同。

通过对比英语和汉语基本颜色词的文化内涵，我们可以了解到民族的社会价值观、道德观以及文化的民族性和共同性。

因此研究英语和汉语基本颜色词的文化内涵对颜色词在跨文化交际、英语教学和翻译中的使用都有启发意义。

本文尝试以英语中的“black”和汉语中的“黑”这一组颜色词为例，对英汉基本颜色词的文化内涵进行对比研究。

三、参考文献

[1]Berlin,B.&Kay,P.Basiccolorterms:

theiruniversalityandevolution.1965.23

[2]Bassnett,S.TranslationStudies[M].Shanghai:

ShanghaiForeignLanguageandEducationPress.2004.22.

[3]Berkeley:

UniversityofCaliforniaPress,1969.42.

[4]FanHua，AContrastiveStudyonCulturalConnotationsofBasicColorTermsbetweenEnglishandChinese2001.42.

[5]Oxfordadvancedlearner’sEnglish-Chinesedictionary（6thEdition）.

[6]http:

//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black.

[7]黄保源，中国传统色彩观辨析苏州大学学报第456期.

[8]田媛，迟光明英汉基本颜色词的文化内涵的对比研究——“Black”与“黑”的个案研究中国期刊全文数据库2001.42.

[9]李鑫，基本色彩词的比较研究中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库2003.31.

[10]王逢鑫.论色彩词——汉英色彩词语义比较[J].北京大学学报（英语语言文学专刊）,1991

（2）.66-74.

[11]叶朝红，潘晨辉.从颜色词看中国古代服色礼服.

AContrastiveStudyonCultureConnotationsBetween“Black”and“黑”

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Abstract：

Weliveinacolorfulworld.Thereareagreatvarietyofcolorwords,oralargenumberofexpressionsdenotingthesensationofcolorsusedtodescribethecolorfulthingsintheworld.Colorwordsdecorateourworldandlife.Language,asaculturewithacarrier,atthesametime,intheculturalinfluenceanddestinedtoreflectandconveysspecialculturalconnotation.Thebasiccolorwordsinthispointreflectincisivelyandvividly.Reflectingsocialcustoms,itreligionsandvaluesofdifferentculturalfactors,etc.BythecontrastivestudyofculturalconnotationsofbasiccolortermsbetweenEnglishandChinese,wecanknowmoreaboutwhatisgoingoninpeople’smind,intheirlanguageandculture.Atthesametimeitisexpectedthatthisthesismaythrowlightontheuseofcolortermsininterculturalcommunication,Englishlanguageteachingandlearning,andtranslation.ThisarticleattemptstakeEnglishin“black”andinChinese“black”thisgroupofcolorwordasanexample,AcontrastivestudyoncultureconnotationsofbasiccolortermsbetweenEnglishandChinese.

关键词：

黑色；文化内涵；对比研究

Keywords：

black；cultureconnotations；contrastivestudy

Introduction

IntheOxfordadvancedlearner’senglish-chinesedictionaryonthe"black"areexplainedasfollows:

A,color，havingtheverydarkestcolour,likenightorcoal.

B,withnonight,withoutlight;completelydark.

C,people,belongingtoaraceofpeoplewhohavedarkskin；connectedwithblackpeople

D,tea/coffee,withoutmilk.

E,dirty,verydirty;coveredwithdirt.

F,angry,fullofangerorhatred

G,depressing,withouthope,verydepressing.

H,evil,（literary）evilorwicked

I,humorous,dealingwithunpleasantorterriblethings,suchasmurder,inahumorousway

EnglishandChinesearethesameasthelong-standing;thereisawealthofbasiccolorterms.However,duetodifferentsocial,historical,geographicalandotherreasons,EnglishandChinesehavemanybasiccolortermsreflectingtheculturalcharacteristicsoftheirrespectivepeoples.WiththedeepeningofexchangesbetweenChineseandWesterncultures,ithasbeenrecognizedwithaprofoundculturalconnotationofthebasiccolortermswillinevitablybecomeacross-culturalcommunicationinabarrier.black，inthewikipediaencyclopedia，hasAbsorptionoflight；Usage,symbolism,colloquialexpressions；Authorityandseriousness；Clothing；Demography；Music；Philosophy；Politics；Science；sport；Ambiguityandsecrecy;Beliefs,religionsandsuperstitions;Economy;Fashion;Symbolicdualismwithwhite;Historicalevents;Expressions;Pigmentsabouttheinterpretationoftheseareas.

InoureverydaylifeweareinevitablyconfrontedwithvariouskindsofColorsandthusneedvariouskindsofwordstodescribethem.Colortermsappearmorefrequentlyinliteraryworks.Itisbeyondquestionthatalmostallliterarygiants,fromShakespearetoCaoXueqin,couldneveravoidusingcolorwordstoachievevividnessand,moreimportantly,toachieveimplications.ColorwordsarecommonyetspecialwordsinbothEnglishandChinese,for,exceptthattheycanbeusedtorefertospecificcolors,theyhavesuchsemanticfeaturesastoindicatethespeaker’smind,hisemotionaswellashisattitudetowardsthethingorthepersonheistalkingabout.Hencecolortermscancauseimplicationsandhaveconnotativemeaningsattachedtothem.

1,BasicColorTermsinEnglishandChinesecontentofresearch

Colorhaslongbeenaninterestandaconcernforhumanbeings.Earlierpursuitsofcolorvisionandcolorperceptioncanbetracedbacktoancienttimes.

AsBrentBerlinandPaulKaypointedout,differentnationshavedifferentnumbersofcolorterms.English,withacomparativelyricherculturalbackground,hasalltheelevenbasiccolorterms,thatis,white,black,red,yellow,blue,brown,purple,pink,orangeandgray.

NowadaysChinesebasiccolorsincludewhite,black,red,green,yellow,blue,brown,purpleandgray.ItseemsthatChinesecolortermsarefewerthanEnglishones,butasamatteroffact,Chineseisoneoffact,Chineseisoneoftherichestandmostcolorfullanguagesintheworld.

2,Acontrastivestudyoncultureconnotationsofbasiccolortermsabout“black”and“黑”

AmongEnglishandChinesewords,colortermsmakeupagroupofwordsthattheycanbeusedeitherliterallytorefertodifferentcolorsormetaphoricallytoconveytheirassociativemeanings,andthatindifferencelanguagesandculturestheymayconveydifferentassociativemeaning.TheconceptualmeaningsconveyedbycolortermsinEnglishandChineseareroughlythesamecolors.Butthesamecolorstermsinthetwolanguagesmayhavedifferentculturalassociations.itiscommonthatEnglishcolortermsmayhaveculturalassociationsthatarenottransparenttoChinese.ThefollowingparagraphsaremeanttohelpusattainabetterunderstandingoftheculturalassociationsofEnglishandChinesecolorterms.

2.1Darkness&Sadness

Blackisthecolorofnight,sonaturallywiththe"dark"connected.InChinese,wehave“黑暗”,“黑沉沉”,“黑漆漆”,andsoforth.WhileinEnglishsuchexpressionsas“blackout”and“blackfuture”arealsoconnectedwith“darkness”.Infact,mostpeopledonotlikethedark.Inthe"Bible"in,"black"withthedevil,evil,painandmiseryassociatedwiththosewords.Westernculture,peoplerecognize"ablackcat"isabadomen,accordingtothelegendofthewest,theWitchisablackcatBanZhaoTheimageappears,whichlegendsinChinesecultureisverysimilartothatowlinauspicious.Fromthispointcomes,blackwithalotofnegativesymbolism.Suchas:

"Blackcomedy"and"blackhumor",theymeanfunny,funnydramaorstory,butitreflectsthelifeoftheunhappy,nothappyside."Black"canalsorefertodepressedmood,suchas:

"inablackmood".Ifablackfuture;blacknews;inblackdespairin,ablackfuturemeansthereislittlehopeinthefuture,theequivalentoftheChineselanguage,"anuncertainfuture,thefuturebleak,"whileblacknewsandinblackdespairforChinesereadersmoredifficulttounderstand,"Blacknews"means"sadorbadnews","inblackdespair"refersto"ingreatortotaldespair"

2.2Mystery&Death

“玄冥”.“玄”isthecolorofblack,while“冥”referstothenetherword.Hence,speakersInChristianityandthenetherworldinChinesemythologiesaredarkplacewithoutanylightandaresaidtobehomesforallthewickedpeopletoaftertheydie.TotheChinese,intheideaof“fiveelements”,blackistherepresentativecolorofthenorth,whichisgovernedbyagodcalledfbothEnglishandChineseassociateblackcolorwithdeath.

IntheWest,blackisthecolorofclothingthefuneral,wearingblackwhenthefestivalsarerude,anditistaboo,andwasconsideredunfortunatecolor.Onceinthe14century,sweptacrosstheEuropeancontinent,claimedcountlesslivesofthegreatplaguecalled"theBlackDeath",thenamecanalsobefoundfromtheblacktobecomeadisasteranddeathsignal.

Deathandmisfortunemakepeoplesad,thus“black”isassociatedwith“sadness”.“Blackcomedy”and“blackhumor”comefromthisconnotation,whichrefertoaplayorastorythatisfunny,butalsoshowstheunpleasantsideofhumanlife.“Blacktidings”meanssadnews.Itcanalsobeusedtomeanlow-spiritedasin“inablackmood”.

2.3Evilness

Westernersthinkthe"black"isasymbolofevil,itisbecauseofJudas,thebetrayer,hasablackapertureabovehishead;Jesusappearsinblackwhentemptedbydemons.

Inaddition,westernpeoplebelievethat“black”hassomeconnectionwiththesprit.Judas,thebetrayer,hasablackapertureabovehishead;Jesusappearsinblackwhentemptedbydemons.Therefore,thecolorterms“black”,and“黑”arebothrelatedwith“evilness”.

InEnglish,thebrutal,thecold,therudetreatmentofotherswhoarecalled"Ablackguard,"ablackvillain"or"ablackhat",suchanactiscalleddo"blackdeeds";donotliveuptoexpectations,givingshamethehonoroffamilyorgroupofpeoplehavebeencalled"ablacksheep";and"whitelies（awhitelie）"Onthecontrary,"