新标准大学英语综合教程3课后练习答案Unit4.docx
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课后练习答案Unit4
新标准大学英语综合教程3课后练习答案-Unit-4
Unit4
Reading1
Languagepoints
1WorkincorporateAmerica(Title)
CorporateAmericaisageneraltermgiventoalargenon-government-ownedorganizationorcompanyintheUnitedStates,egabank,amarketingresearchcompanyetc.Ithasbothpositiveandnegativeconnotations.Positively,itmeansthatacompanyoranorganizationproduceswealthandimprovespeople’slivingstandardsinafreemarketandcompetitivesocietybypeopleworkingtogethertoachievethegoals.Thismainlyreferstofinancialgainsandsuccess.Negatively,itseemstoindicatethepromotionofself-interest,financialgains,greedandirresponsibilityintheworkplace.
2Itisnotsurprisingthatmodernchildrentendtolookblankanddispiritedwhen...(Para1)
Tolookblankmeansthatmodernchildrenshownosignofunderstandingoremotionaboutthecorporateworkplace,theyseemunresponsiveandhaveblanklooks.
Someonewhoisdispiriteddoesnothavethehope,enthusiasmorinterestthattheyhadearlier;theyareinlowspiritsordownhearted.
3Theparentcouldtakehisoffspringtohisplaceofbusinessandlethimwatchwhileherepairedabuggyorbuiltatable.(Para2)
Abuggyisavehicleusedforbabiesandtoddlersbycarers(parents,grandparentsandadultsincaringprofessions),topushthemaround.Itisalsocalledapushchair.IntheUS,itiscalledastroller.
4Whenachildasked…hisfathercouldanswerintermsthatachildcouldcometogripswith,suchas“Ifixsteamengines”or“Imakehorsecollars”.(Para3)
Theexpressioncometogripswithnormallymeanstofaceuptoaproblem,situationordifficultjobanddealwithit.Here,itmeansthatsomeonegetstounderstandsomethingthatisdifficultorunpleasant.Ithasthesimilarmeaningastocometotermswith,tackle,handle,manageetc.
Horsecollarsaremadeofleatherandfitaroundanimals’neckstoallowthemtopullheavythings.Whenhorsesareusedtopullcartsorcarriagestheywearhorsecollars.Here,incorporateAmerica,thisisadeliberateimageofsomethingveryold-fashioned,justlikesteamengines.
5Howcanhepossiblyenvisionanyoneanalyzingasystemorresearchingamarket?
(Para5)
Thewordenvisionisaverbwhichmeanstoshowavisualsceneinyourmind,toimaginesomethingthatisoutsideyourexperience,whichhasnothappenedordoesnotexist.
6Evengrownmen…anditisasafebetthattheaveragesystemsanalystisasbaffledaboutwhataspacesalesmandoesattheshopastheaveragespacesalesmanisaboutthetoolsneededtoanalyzeasystem.(Para6)
Theexpressionitisasafebetmeansthatthespeakerorwriterissureaboutsomething(theywouldbewillingtoriskmoneytoconfirmit).
Aspacesalesmandealswiththearrangementsfortheuseofspaceinofficesandotherplaces:
Howmanyroomsmightbeneededforwhatpurposes,whatsortsofworkpeopledoinparticularofficesandhowtheofficefurnitureandequipmentcanbestbearrangedforthemaximumeffectiveness,howmuchitcoststorentoruseofficeaccommodationindifferentpartsofacity...Butprobably,aspacesalesmanmainlydealswithpeoplewhowanttorentofficespace.
Inthissentencethewriterissayingheisquitesurethatneitherthesystemsanalystnorthespacesalesmanknowsabouteachother’sworkandwhattheyactuallydo.
7Themachinesthatmakethingsmaketheminsuchafashionthattheywillquicklyfallapartinsuchawaythatrepairswillbeprohibitivelyexpensive.(Para7)
Theexpressioninsuchafashionmeansinaparticularwayormanner.
Thecostisprohibitivelyexpensivewhenitpreventsyoufrombuyingsomething,asitisbeyondthelimitsofwhatyoucanafford.Or,wemaysaythecostisprohibitive.
Thesentencemeansthatthemachinesmakethingsinsuchawaythattheywillbreakorfallintopiecessothattheycan’tbecheaplyrepaired.Itisimpliedthatthethingsaremadetobeshort-lastingsothatthemanufacturerscansellmorelater.
8Thehandfulofpeopleremotelyassociatedwiththesemachinescan,ofcourse,telltheirinquisitivechildren“Daddymakesjunk”.(Para8)
Inquisitivechildrenarethosewholiketoasklotsofquestions,especiallythingsthatadultsdonotwanttotalkabout.
9Mostoftheworkforce,however,istooremotefromjunkproductiontosenseanycontributiontotheindustry.(Para8)
Thesentencemeansmostworkersaredistantfromtheprocessofjunkproductionsotheydonotfeelthattheirworkhasanypartinit.
10Otherstelephonetoascertainthewhereaboutsofpaper.(Para12)
Theexpressionascertainthewhereaboutsofsomethingmeanstofindoutwheresomethingis.
11Backattheoffice,thefatherordersthepaperretypedandreproducedinquintuplicate,andthensenttoanothermanforcomparisonwithpaperthatwasreproducedintriplicatelastyear.(Para16)Thewordquintuplicatemeansthatsomethingismadeintofivecopies.Toquadruplicatemeanstomakeintofourcopies;triplicatethreecopies;andduplicatetwocopies.
Dealingwithunfamiliarwords
4Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.
1old,brokenoruselessthings(junk)
2relatingtolargecompanies,oraparticularlargecompany(corporate)
3tonotapproveofsomeoneorsomething(disapprove)
4toformapictureofsomeoneorsomethinginyourmind(visualize)
5anagreementinwhichyouriskanamountofmoneybysayingwhatyouthinkwillhappen(bet)
6tofindoutsomething(ascertain)
7thespaceattheleftorrightsideofapagewherewordsarenotusuallyprintedorwritten(margin)
8todiscusssomethingwithotherpeopleinordertoreachadecision(confer)
9important,respected,andadmired(eminent)
10totwistyourfaceintoanexpressionthatshowsyouareangry(scowl)
5CompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity4.
1It’snoteasytovisualizewhatlifewaslikeintheageofthesteamengine.
2Ifyoudisapproveoftheseplans,youshouldletmeknowexactlywhatyoufindwrongwiththem.
3Thomas’roomisfullofjunklikebrokenelectricalequipmentandoldcomputerpartshedoesn’tneed.
4Mybetisthatthistypeofjobwon’tgiveyoumuchsatisfaction.
5We’regoingtoneedsometimetoconferwithourlawyersbeforewemakeadecision.
6Themarginsofthepagesinthisdocumenthaveallbeenwrittenon.
7Wecan’tacceptyourapplication,withoutascertainingtheauthenticityofyourqualifications.
8Itwasacorporatedecisiontoclosethebank,notthechoiceofanyindividual.
9She’saveryniceperson,andaveryeminentprofessor.
10Whyishescowlingatme?
WhathaveIdone?
6Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthefollowingwords.Youmayneedtomakeotherchanges.
1Acuriouschildisofteneagertoinquireaboutthejobstheirparentsdo.(inquisitive)
Aninquisitivechildisofteneagertoinquireaboutthejobstheirparentsdo.
2Mostpeoplethinkthedecisiontheytookisimpossibletounderstand.(incomprehensible)
3Couldyouwritedownanyideasyouhaveduringthemeetingonthispieceofpaper?
(jot)
4Youareverycarefulaboutnoticingdetailsifyoucanrememberexactlywhatthemanagerwaswearing.
(observant)
5I’mafraidwedon’tknowtheplacewhereHelenisrightnow.(whereabouts)
I’mafraidwedon’tknowthewhereaboutsofHelen.
6Don’tbeunhappyandlackinginenthusiasm.I’msureoneoftheapplicationswillbesuccessful.
(dispirited)
7I’dliketobuyanopentopcar,butthey’reallsoterriblyexpensive.(prohibitively)
7Answerthequestionsabouttheexpressions.
1Ifyoulookblankaboutsomething,doyou(a)understand,or(b)notunderstandit?
2Ifyoucometogripswithaproblem,doyou(a)starttodealwithit,or(b)stopthinkingaboutit?
3Whensomethingfallsapart,isit(a)inthewrongplace,or(b)broken?
4Whensomethingwearsout,doesit(a)notlookverynice,or(b)becomeoldandunusable?
5Ifyoumulloveraproblem,doyou(a)thinkcarefullyaboutitforalongtime,or(b)quicklysolveit?
6Dopeoplesometimessay“Itbeatsme”becausethey(a)understand,or(b)don’tunderstandsomething?
Activereading
(2)
Languagepoints
1There’snothingnewaboutourobsessionwiththenew,saysDominicSandbrook.(Introduction)
Obsessionisanemotionalstateinwhichsomeoneorsomethingissoimportantthatyouarealwaysthinkingaboutthem,inawaythatseemsextremetootherpeople.
2Weliveinaworldofunprecedented,dazzlingchange.(Para1)
Thewordunprecedentedmeansneverhavinghappenedorexistedbefore,eganunprecedentedsituation,anunprecedentedchange.
3Thankstoglobalization,nationalfrontiersarecollapsingaroundus,whiletechnologicalinnovationsarefundamentallyreshapingourlivesinwayswecanbarelycomprehend.(Para1)
Becauseofthesituationofglobalization–thatthewholeworldisdevelopingasinglecomplexeconomy,communicationsystemandculture–itseemsthattherearenonationalbordersandnewtechnologiesareinfluencingourlivesinbasicwayswhichwecannotreallyunderstand.
4Soruntheclichés,anyway.(Para2)
Aclichéreferstoaphraseorideathatisboringbecausepeopleuseitalot,anditisnolongeroriginalandsoundsempty.Theexpressionsoruntheclichésmeansthesearetheclichésyouoftenhear.
5Butitisonlyourobsessionwithnovelty,ignoranceofdeeperhistoricalpatternsandarrogantinsistenceonourownimportancethatleadsusintothiskindoftalk.(Para2)
Historicalpatternsrefertomajoreventsinhistorywhichmakepatternsbecausetheyarerelatedtoeachotherorsimilar.
6Yetthereisagoodcasethatwedonot,infact,liveinveryinterestingtimesatall.(Para2)
Acasehereisasetoffacts