文献翻译集成式发动机辅助混合动力系统.docx

文献翻译集成式发动机辅助混合动力系统.docx

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文献翻译集成式发动机辅助混合动力系统

附录外文文献

DevelopmentofIntegratedMotorAssistHybridSystem:

Developmentofthe‘Insight’，aPersonalHybridCoupe

KaoruAoki，ShigetakaKuroda，ShigemasaKajiwara

HiromitsuSatoandYoshioYamamoto

HondaR&DCo.，Ltd.

Copyright©2000SocietyofAutomotiveEngineers，Inc.

Abstract：

ThispaperpresentsthetechnicalapproachusedtodesignanddevelopthepowerplantfortheHondaInsight，anewmotorassisthybridvehiclewithanoveralldevelopmentobjectiveofjusthalfthefuelconsumptionofthecurrentCivicoverawiderangeofdrivingconditions.Fuelconsumptionof35km/L（Japanese10-15mode），and3.4L/100km（98/69/EC）wasrealized.Toachievethis，anewIntegratedMotorAssist（IMA）hybridpowerplantsystemwasdeveloped，incorporatingmanynewtechnologiesforpackagingandintegratingthemotorassistsystemandforimprovingenginethermalefficiency.Thiswasdevelopedincombinationwithanewlightweightaluminumbodywithlowaerodynamicresistance.Environmentalperformancegoalsalsoincludedthesimultaneousachievementoflowemissions（halftheJapaneseyear2000standards，andhalftheEU2000standards），highefficiency，andrecyclability.Fullconsiderationwasalsogiventokeyconsumerattributes，includingcrashsafetyperformance，handling，anddrivingperformance.

Keywords：

hybridcar，integrationoftheengine，efficient，environmentalprotection

1INTRODUCTION

Toreducetheautomobile’simpactonsocietyandtheenvironmentrequiresthatitbeincreasinglycleanerandmoreenergyefficient.Theissuesofenergyconservation，ambientairquality，andreductioninCO2emissionsareincreasingraisedasglobalenvironmentalconcerns.Onesolutionfordealingwiththeseissuesisthehybridautomobile.HondahasdevelopedandintroducedtoseveralmajormarketsworldwidetheInsight，anewgenerationofvehicledesign.TheInsightcombinesahybridpowertrainwithadvancedbodytechnologyfeaturestomeetanoverallgoalofachievingthehighestfueleconomypractical.

Thehybridpowertrainisamotorassistparallelconfiguration，termedIMAfor‘IntegratedMotorAssist’.ThispowertraincombinesahighlyefficientelectricmotorwithanewsmalldisplacementVTECengine，alightweightaluminumbody，andimprovedaerodynamicstorealize3.4L/100km（CO2:

80g/km）on98/69/ECfueleconomy.LowemissionsperformancewasalsotargetedwithemissionlevelsachievingtheEU2000.

Inadditiontorecapturingdecelerationenergy，theintegratedmotorprovideshightorqueassistduringtypicalurbandrivingaccelerations.Thisallowsasignificantreductioninenginedisplacementandhigherengineefficiency.Sustainedhillclimbingperformanceandhighspeedcruisingcapabilityareassuredbyapower-toweightratioofapproximately56kWpermetricton.NewenginetechnologyincludestheapplicationofanewVTEC（VariablevalveTimingandvalvelift，ElectronicControl）cylinderheaddesignpromotinghighefficiencyandfastcatalystactivation，andanewleanNOxcatalystsystemwhichpromotesleanburncombustionandareductioninemissions.Extensivefrictionandweightreducingfeaturesarealsoapplied.

2DEVELOPMENTTARGETSANDCONCEPT

Developmentwasaimedattheachievementofextremelylowfuelconsumption.WesetatargetoftwicethefueleconomyofthecurrentproductionCivic，Honda’srepresentativehighfueleconomycarat7.0L/100km（93/116/EC）.Asaresult，theInsighthasthelowestfuelconsumptionintheworld，amonggasolinepassengercars.

Exhaustemissionperformanceoftentendstobesacrificedforthesakeoflowfuelconsumption.However，wealsodecidedtomatchthelowemissionsperformanceachievedbyothermassproductioncars.Considerationwasalsogiventorecyclability（anotherimportantenvironmentalissue），crashsafetyperformance，andthebasiccarcharacteristicsincludinghandlingandstyling.

Summarizingtheabove，ourdevelopmenttargetswereasfollows:

∙Thebestfuelconsumptionperformanceintheworld

∙Ultra-lowexhaustemissions

∙Superiorrecyclability

∙Theworld'shighestlevelofcrashsafetyperformance

∙Advancedstyling

∙Practicalfeaturesandresponsivehandling

∙Comfortabletwo-seatconfigurationwithpersonalutilityspace

3POLICIESFORFUELCONSUMPTIONREDUCTION

Inordertoestablishthetechnicalapproachforachievingthefuelconsumptiontarget，weconductedadetailedanalysisoftheenergyconsumptionofthebasecar，aCivicequippedwitha1.5literengine.Wefoundthatitwasusefultodividethetargetedefficiencygainsroughlyintothirds，asshowninFig.1，inordertoachievethelowfuelconsumptionandnumerousotherabove-mentionedgoals.Thesedivisionsareasfollows.

∙Improvementoftheheatefficiencyoftheengineitself

∙Recoveryofbrakingenergyandemploymentofidlestopusingahybridpowerplant

∙Carbodytechnologiesincludingreductionofweightandreducedaerodynamicandrollingresistance.

Figure1.TargetofdoublethefueleconomyofCIVIC

Aimingtoestablishabenchmarkfor21stcenturyautomobilepowertrains，wedevelopedthisnewIntegratedMotorAssistpowertrain.Thispowertrainsimultaneouslyachievesbothextremelylowfuelconsumptionof3.4L/100km，andlowexhaustgasemissionperformance，befittinganext-generationcar.

ThispaperreportsonthenewlydevelopedIMAsystem，includingtheleanburnengine，electricmotor，powercontrolunit，batterytechnology，andexhaustemissioncontroltechnologyusedinthe"HondaInsight".

4AIMOFTHEIMASYSTEM

Whiledevelopingthisnext-generationIMAhybridsystem，weincorporatedasmanycurrentlyachievabletechnologiesandtechniquesaspossible，inordertoachievethe"world'slowestfuelconsumption".

Thefollowingfoursystemdevelopmentthemeswereestablishedinordertomeetthistarget.

1.Recoveryofdecelerationenergy

2.Improvementoftheefficiencyoftheengine

3.Useofidlestopsystem

4.Reductionofpowertrainsizeandweight

5OVERVIEWOFTHEIMASYSTEM

5.1SYSTEMCONFIGURATION–AsshowninFig.2，theIMAsystemusestheengineasthemainpowersourceandanelectricmotorasanauxiliarypowersourcewhenaccelerating.Usingamotorasanauxiliarypowersourcesimplifiestheoverallsystemandmakesitpossibletouseacompactandlightweightmotor，battery，andpowercontrolunit（PCU）.

Figure2.IMASystem

ApermanentmagnetDCbrushlessmotorislocatedbetweentheengineandthetransmission.Whendecelerating，therateofdecelerationiscalculatedforeachgearandthePCUcontrolsthemotortogenerateelectricity（recoverenergy），whichchargesanickel-metalhydridebattery.Whenaccelerating，theamountofauxiliarypowerprovided（hereaftercalled"assist"）iscalculatedfromthethrottleopening，engineparameters，andbatterystateofcharge.ThePCUcontrolstheamountofcurrentflowingfromthebatterytothedrivemotor

5.2RECOVERYOFDECELERATIONENERGY–Recoveringdecelerationenergythroughregenerationmakesitpossibletosupplementtheengine’soutputduringaccelerationandreducetheamountoffuelconsumed.Inparticular，minimizingtheenginedisplacementisaneffectivemeansofreducingfriction.Enginedisplacementreductionalsohasseveralotherbenefits，suchasweightreductionandincreasedthermalefficiency.TheIMAsystemeffectivelyincreasestheamountofregenerationduringdecelerationbyoptimizingtheengineandtransmissionspecifications.

5.3REDUCTIONOFENGINEDISPLACEMENT–Reducingenginedisplacementisaveryimportantfactorinimprovingfueleconomyofahybriddrivetrain.However，modernautomobileshavetoperformoverawidedynamicrange.Reducingthedisplacementisequivalenttoloweringthebasicperformancecharacteristicsofthecar.AsshownintheoutputcharacteristicsgraphinFig.3，theIMAsystemassiststheengineinthelowrpmrangebyutilizingthehightorqueperformancecharacteristicofelectricmotors.Themotorcanincreaseoveralltoruquebyover50%inthelowerrpmrangeusedinnormaldriving.OutputinthehighrpmrangeisincreasedbyusingaVariablevalveTimingandvalveliftElectronicControl（VTEC）engine.Thussufficientpeakpowerisassuredandmakesitpossibletouseanew，smalldisplacement1.0literengine.

Figure3.Enginespeed（rpm）OutputperformanceofIMASYSTEM

Assistfromtheelectricmotorwhileacceleratingisaveryefficientmeansofreducingtheamountoffuelconsumed.

5.4ACHIEVINGLEANBURNENGINEOPERATION–Assistfromtheelectricmotor，baseduponthethrottleopening，createsquitelineartorquecharacteristics.This，inturn，improvesdriveability.Inaddition，motorassistisalsoprovidedundermoderateloadconditionstobroadenthelean-burnoperatingrange，bringingoutthefullpotentialofthenewlydevelopedleanburnengine.

5.5IDLESTOPSYSTEM–Stoppingtheengineratherthanidlingatstopsisalsoaneffectivemeansforreducingfuelconsumption.Inordertorestarttheenginewiththeminimumamountoffuelconsumption，theengineisquicklycrankedto600rpmormorebythehightorqueintegratedmotorbeforeignitionoccurs，asshowninFig.4.Thismakesitpossibletominimizetheamountoffuelconsumed，inadditiontothefuelsavedbynotrunningtheengineatidle.

Therearemanyissuestobeconsideredwhenperformingidlestop.Theseincludejudgingthedriver'sintenttostop，preparingfortherestart，providingasmoothfeelingofdeceleration，andminimizingvibrationofthecarbodywhentheenginestops.

Figure4.Time（sec）Thenumberofcrankingintheenginestart

集成式发动机辅助混合动力系统

摘要：

本论文介绍了用于设计和开发HondaInsight发动机的技术方法，一种新的发动机辅助混合动力汽车，其总开发目标是在广泛的行驶条件下达到当今Civic消耗量的一半，实现35km/L（日本10-15模式），3.4L/km（98/69/EC）的消耗量。

为了达到这个目标，加入了许多用于包装和