辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学学年高一英语上学期第二次质量试题11250374.docx

辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学学年高一英语上学期第二次质量试题11250374.docx

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辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学学年高一英语上学期第二次质量试题11250374

辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学2019-2020学年高一英语上学期第二次质量试题

第

卷

第一部分：

听力（略）

第二部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

ItwasatleasttwomonthsbeforeChristmaswhennine-year-oldAlmieRosetoldherfatherandmethatshewantedanewbicycle.AsChristmasdrewnearer,herdesireforabicycleseemedtodie,orsowethought.Weboughtsomelovelydolls,andadollhouse.Then,muchtooursurpriseonDecember23rd,shesaidthatshe“reallywantedabikemorethananythingelse”.

Itwasjusttoolate,withallthedetailsofpreparingChristmasdinnerandbuyinglastminutegifts,totakethetimetoselectthe“rightbike”forourlittlegirl.ItwasChristmasEvearound9:

00pm.Almieandhersix-year-oldbrother,Dylan,laycomfortablyintheirbeds.Nowwecouldonlythinkofthebicycleandthedisappointmentofourchild.“WhatifImakealittlebicycleoutofclay（黏土）andwriteanotethatshecouldtradetheclaymodelforarealbike”herdadasked.“Thisisanexpensiveitemandsheis‘suchabiggirl,’itwouldbemuchbetterforhertopickitout.”Sohespentthenextfourhourspainstakingly（尽心地）workingwithclaytomakeatinybike．

OnChristmasmorning,wewereexcitedforAlmietoopenthelittleheart-shapedpackagewiththebeautifulredandwhiteclaybikeandthenote.Finally,sheopeneditandreadthenotealoud.“DoesthismeanthatItradethisbikethatDaddymademeforarealone?

”Beaming,Isaid,“Yes,”Almiehadtearsinhereyeswhenshereplied“IcouldnevertradeinthisbeautifulbicyclethatDaddymademe.I’dratherkeepthisthangetarealbike.”Atthatmoment,wewouldhavemovedheavenandearthtobuyhereverybicycleontheplanet!

21.Intheend,Almie’sparentsfailedtobuyheranewbicycleasaChristmasgiftbecause　　．

A.herdesireforabicycledisappearedgradually

B.theythoughtdollsweremoresuitableforherthanabike

C.shepreferredthebikemadeofclay

D.herparentshadnotimetoselecta“rightbike”forher

22.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceofthetext？

A.Theparentswerehappyandencouraged.

B.Theparentsfeltcomfortableandrelaxed.

C.Theparentsweremovedandfeltproudofthegirl.

D.Theparentsfeltdisappointedandsorryforthegirl.

23.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.AClayBike

B.AGreatandConsiderateFather

C.ALovelyLittleGirl

D.AnUnforgettableChristmasEve

B

Nowadays,peopleallovertheworldhavevariouswaysofdealingwithacommoncold.Sometakeover-the-counter（非处方的）medicinessuchasaspirinwhileotherstrypopularhomeremedies（治疗）likeherbalteaorchickensoup.However,hereisthetoughtruthaboutthecommoncold:

nothingreallycuresit.

Thenwhydopeoplesometimesstillbelievethattheirremedieswork?

AccordingtoJamesTaylor,aprofessorattheUniversityofWashington,coldsusuallygoawayontheirowninaboutaweek,improvingalittleeachdayaftersymptomspeak,soit’seasytobelieveit’smedicineratherthantimethatdeservestobepraised,USATodayreported.

Tomanyofus,itstillseemshardtobelievethatwecandealwithmoreseriousdiseasesyetarepowerlessagainstsomethingascommonasacold.Recently,scientistscameclosertofiguringoutwhy.Tounderstandit,youfirstneedtoknowhowantiviral（抗病毒的）drugswork.Theyattackthevirusbyattachingtoandchangingthesurfacestructuresofthevirus.Todothat,thedrugmustfitandlockintothevirusliketherightpieceofajigsaw（拼图）,whichmeansscientistshavetoidentifythevirusandbuilda3-Dmodeltostudyitssurfacebeforetheycandevelopanantiviraldrugthatiseffectiveenough.

Thetwocoldvirusesthatscientistshadlongknownaboutwererhinovirus（鼻病毒）AandB.Buttheydidn’tfindoutabouttheexistenceofathirdvirus,rhinovirusC,until2006.Allthreeofthemleadtothecommoncold,butdrugsthatworkwellagainstrhinovirusAandBdon’tworkwellwhenusedagainstC.

“ThisaccountsformostofthepreviousfailuresofdrugtrialsagainstThinovirus,”studyleaderProfessorAnnPalmenbergatUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,US,toldScienceDaily.

Now,morethan10yearsafterthediscoveryofrhinovirusC,scientistshavefinallybuiltahighly-detailed3-Dmodelofthevirus,showingthatthesurfaceofthevirusis,asexpected,differentfromthatofothercoldviruses.

Withthemodelinhand,hopefullyarealcureforacommoncoldisonitsway.Soon,wemaynolongerhavetowasteourmoneyonmedicinesthatdon’treallywork.

24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpopularremediesforcuringacommoncold?

A.Theyarereallyquiteeffective.

B.Theyareslightlyhelpful.

C.Theystillneedtobeimproved.

D.Theyactuallydon’twork.

25.Howdoantiviraldrugswork?

A.Byidentifyingthevirusesandbreakingthemupdirectly.

B.Byreshapingthetoplayersofthetargetcoldviruses.

C.Byattackingthevirusesoneafteranotherlikefinishingajigsaw.

D.Byabsorbingdifferentkindsofcoldvirusesatthesametime.

26.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Thesurfaceofcoldviruseslooksquitesimilar.

B.Scientistshavealreadyfoundacureforthecommoncold.

C.Knowingthestructureofcoldvirusesisthekeytodevelopinganeffectivecure.

D.ScientistswerenotawareoftheexistenceofrhinovirusCuntilrecently.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Drugsagainstcoldviruses

B.Helpfulhomeremedies

C.Nocurrentcureforcommoncold

D.Researchoncoldviruses

C

MybrotherStanleydiedlastJanuaryfromcancer,andIspentalotoftimewithhiminhospitaloverhislastfewmonths.Iwitnessedthecarehereceivedand,atthetime,Ithoughtitwaspoor.Itshockedandhurtme.

WhileStanleywassick,Iwasamedicalstudent.Ithereforehadaninvestment（投入）inthemedicalprofession.Itgavemeaninsider’sviewofthecareStanleyreceived,whenmostpeoplespendingtimewithaverysicklovedoneonlyhaveanoutsideview.However,asIseenow,itmademejudgethecarethathisdoctorsandnursesgavehimtooharshly（严厉地）.

Weexperiencedlongwaitsinemergencydepartments,anddoctorswereunsureoftheparticularsofStanley’scase.Wewaitedaroundfordoctorstoarrive,buttheyseldomturnedup.ButworstofallwasStanley’sseniordoctor.Neartheend,heannouncedcoldlythattherewasnothinglefttotry.“Alltheoptionshavebeenused,”hesaid.Andwiththat,hedeparted（离开）,nevertobeseenagain.

AllthisaffectedthewayIthoughtaboutmystudies.DidIwanttoworkinafieldwherepeopletreatedpatientsasiftheywerenumbersonachart?

AfterStanleypassedaway,Ifinishedmystudiesandgraduatedwithalltherestofthestudentsinmyyear.Theywentontogetjobsinhospitals,whileItookayearout.Isimplycouldn’tfaceworkinginmedicine.

Eventually,Iappliedforandgotapositionasacancerdoctorinabusyclinicinabigcity.NowIwasacancerdoctormyself,andIoftenhadtotellpatientsbadnews.Itisaterriblydifficultthingtoinformsomeonethattheyhaveagraveillness.IalsofoundthatIcouldn’talwaysanswerpatients’questions.Theywouldwanttoknowwhethertheycouldbecured,orhowlongtheywouldlivefor,butitwasn’talwayspossibletosay.

ItwasthenthatIunderstoodwhatadifficultjobhealthprovidersdo.ItmademethinkbacktomyencounterswithdoctorsandnurseswhenStanleywassick.PerhapswhatIhadthoughtwasunprofessionalismorcoldnesswasjustareflectionofthedemandingnatureofthework.IbegantoseemypatientsasStanley,andmyselfnolongerashissister,butoneofhiscaregivers.NowIwasintheirshoes–thepeoplewhospendeverydaycaringforothers.

IstillmissStanleyhorribly,butatleastnowtheangerhasgone.

28.Whywastheauthorupsetinhospital?

A.Itwastoolatetocureherbrother.

B.Thecaregivenwasfarbelowherexpectations.

C.Thetreatmentwastoopainfulfortheauthortobear.

D.Shecouldn’thelpthedoctorswithhermedicalknowledge.

29.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2refersto______.

A.theinsider’sviewofthecare

B.thecareherbrotherreceived

C.theauthor’smedicalprofession

D.theauthor’slongstayinhospital

30.Theauthorwrotethisarticlemainlyto________.

A.giveadviceonhowtobecomeadoctor

B.stresstheimportanceofbeingacaregiverindailylife

C.sharehowshebecameadoctorafterherbrother’sdeath

D.explainhowherattitudetowardbeingacaregiverchanged

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项.

Whenweeatpotatochips,it’softendifficulttostopuntilthebag’sempty.Weopenabagofchips,andbeforeweknowit,they’reallgone.Sowhycan’twecontrolourselveswhenitcomestoeatingthissaltysnack?

31

ScientistsattheBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterinBoston,US,foundthatcertainneurons（神经元）canmakeuswanttoeatsalt.

Theneuronstakenoteofwhetherourbodiesareshortofsodium（钠）,themainpartofsalt.32

Tocometotheirconclusion,thescientistsdidexperimentsonmice.

Theyfoundthatwhenmicelacksodium,theirbodyproducesachemical.

33Moreresearchshowedthataddingsalttomealsmakespeopleenjoytheirfoodmore,whichmaycauseustocontinueeatingevenifwe’refull.

ScientistsfromDeakinUniversityinAustraliaaskedhealthypeopletoeatthesamefoodforlunchforfourweeks.34Atthesametime,thescientistsmeasuredhowmuchthesepeopleate.Theyalsoaskedthepeoplehowtheyfeltabouteachmeal-iftheyfelthappyorwerestillhungryaftereating,forexample.

Theresultsshowedthatsaltmadepeopleconsume11percentmorefoodthan