太阳能电池行业英语词汇5.docx

太阳能电池行业英语词汇5.docx

《太阳能电池行业英语词汇5.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《太阳能电池行业英语词汇5.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

太阳能电池行业英语词汇5

EpitaxialGrowth—Thegrowthofonecrystalonthesurfaceofanothercrystal.Thegrowthofthedepositedcrystalisorientedbythelatticestructureoftheoriginalcrystal.

Equalization—Theprocessofrestoringallcellsinabatterytoanequalstate-of-charge.Somebatterytypesmayrequireacompletedischargeasapartoftheequalizationprocess.

EqualizationCharge—Theprocessofmixingtheelectrolyteinbatteriesbyperiodicallyoverchargingthebatteriesforashorttime.

EqualizingCharge—Acontinuationofnormalbatterycharging,atavoltagelevelslightlyhigherthanthenormalend-of-chargevoltage,inordertoprovidecellequalizationwithinabattery.

Equinox—Thetwotimesoftheyearwhenthesuncrossestheequatorandnightanddayareofequallength;usuallyoccursonMarch21st（springequinox）andSeptember23（fallequinox）.

ExtrinsicSemiconductor—Theproductofdopingapuresemiconductor.

BacktoTop

F

FermiLevel—Energylevelatwhichtheprobabilityoffindinganelectronisone-half.Inametal,theFermilevelisverynearthetopofthefilledlevelsinthepartiallyfilledvalenceband.Inasemiconductor,theFermilevelisinthebandgap.

FillFactor—Theratioofaphotovoltaiccell'sactualpowertoitspowerifbothcurrentandvoltagewereattheirmaxima.Akeycharacteristicinevaluatingcellperformance.

FixedTiltArray—Aphotovoltaicarraysetinatafixedanglewithrespecttohorizontal.

Flat-PlateArray—Aphotovoltaic（PV）arraythatconsistsofnon-concentratingPVmodules.

Flat-PlateModule—Anarrangementofphotovoltaiccellsormaterialmountedonarigidflatsurfacewiththecellsexposedfreelytoincomingsunlight.

Flat-PlatePhotovoltaics（PV）—APVarrayormodulethatconsistsofnonconcentratingelements.Flat-platearraysandmodulesusedirectanddiffusesunlight,butifthearrayisfixedinposition,someportionofthedirectsunlightislostbecauseofobliquesun-anglesinrelationtothearray.

FloatCharge—Thevoltagerequiredtocounteracttheself-dischargeofthebatteryatacertaintemperature.

FloatLife—Thenumberofyearsthatabatterycankeepitsstatedcapacitywhenitiskeptatfloatcharge.

FloatService—Abatteryoperationinwhichthebatteryisnormallyconnectedtoanexternalcurrentsource;forinstance,abatterychargerwhichsuppliesthebatteryload

Float-ZoneProcess—Amethodofgrowingalarge-size,high-qualitycrystalwherebycoilsheatapolycrystallineingotplacedatopasingle-crystalseed.Asthecoilsareslowlyraisedthemolteninterfacebeneaththecoilsbecomessinglecrystal.

Float-ZoneProcess—Inreferencetosolarphotovoltaiccellmanufacture,amethodofgrowingalarge-size,high-qualitycrystalwherebycoilsheatapolycrystallineingotplacedatopasingle-crystalseed.Asthecoilsareslowlyraisedthemolteninterfacebeneaththecoilsbecomesasinglecrystal.

Frequency—Thenumberofrepetitionsperunittimeofacompletewaveform,expressedinHertz（Hz）.

FrequencyRegulation—Thisindicatesthevariabilityintheoutputfrequency.Someloadswillswitchoffornotoperateproperlyiffrequencyvariationsexceed1%.

FresnelLens—Anopticaldevicethatfocuseslightlikeamagnifyingglass;concentricringsarefacedatslightlydifferentanglessothatlightfallingonanyringisfocusedtothesamepoint.

FullSun—Theamountofpowerdensityinsunlightreceivedattheearth'ssurfaceatnoononaclearday（about1,000Watts/squaremeter）.

BacktoTop

G

Ga—Seegallium.

GaAs—Seegalliumarsenide.

Gallium（Ga）—Achemicalelement,metallicinnature,usedinmakingcertainkindsofsolarcellsandsemiconductordevices.

GalliumArsenide（GaAs）—Acrystalline,high-efficiencycompoundusedtomakecertaintypesofsolarcellsandsemiconductormaterial.

Gassing—Theevolutionofgasfromoneormoreoftheelectrodesinthecellsofabattery.Gassingcommonlyresultsfromlocalactionself-dischargeorfromtheelectrolysisofwaterintheelectrolyteduringcharging.

GassingCurrent—Theportionofchargecurrentthatgoesintoelectrolyticalproductionofhydrogenandoxygenfromtheelectrolyticliquid.Thiscurrentincreaseswithincreasingvoltageandtemperature.

Gel-TypeBattery—Lead-acidbatteryinwhichtheelectrolyteiscomposedofasilicagelmatrix.

Gigawatt（GW）—Aunitofpowerequalto1billionWatts;1millionkilowatts,or1,000megawatts.

Grid—Seeelectricalgrid.

Grid-ConnectedSystem—Asolarelectricorphotovoltaic（PV）systeminwhichthePVarrayactslikeacentralgeneratingplant,supplyingpowertothegrid.

Grid-InteractiveSystem—Sameasgrid-connectedsystem.

GridLines—Metalliccontactsfusedtothesurfaceofthesolarcelltoprovidealowresistancepathforelectronstoflowouttothecellinterconnectwires.

BacktoTop

H

HarmonicContent—Thenumberoffrequenciesintheoutputwaveforminadditiontotheprimaryfrequency（50or60Hz.）.Energyintheseharmonicfrequenciesislostandmaycauseexcessiveheatingoftheload.

Heterojunction—Aregionofelectricalcontactbetweentwodifferentmaterials.

HighVoltageDisconnect—Thevoltageatwhichachargecontrollerwilldisconnectthephotovoltaicarrayfromthebatteriestopreventovercharging.

HighVoltageDisconnectHysteresis—Thevoltagedifferencebetweenthehighvoltagdisconnectsetpointandthevoltageatwhichthefullphotovoltaicarraycurrentwillbereapplied.

Hole—Thevacancywhereanelectronwouldnormallyexistinasolid;behaveslikeapositivelychargedparticle.

Homojunction—Theregionbetweenann-layerandap-layerinasinglematerial,photovoltaiccell.

HybridSystem—Asolarelectricorphotovoltaicsystemthatincludesothersourcesofelectricitygeneration,suchaswindordieselgenerators.

HydrogenatedAmorphousSilicon—Amorphoussiliconwithasmallamountofincorporatedhydrogen.Thehydrogenneutralizesdanglingbondsintheamorphoussilicon,allowingchargecarrierstoflowmorefreely.

BacktoTop

I

IncidentLight—Lightthatshinesontothefaceofasolarcellormodule.

IndiumOxide—Awidebandgapsemiconductorthatcanbeheavilydopedwithtintomakeahighlyconductive,transparentthinfilm.Oftenusedasafrontcontactoronecomponentofaheterojunctionsolarcell.

InfraredRadiation—Electromagneticradiationwhosewavelengthslieintherangefrom0.75micrometerto1000micrometers;invisiblelongwavelengthradiation（heat）capableofproducingathermalorphotovoltaiceffect,thoughlesseffectivethanvisiblelight.

InputVoltage—Thisisdeterminedbythetotalpowerrequiredbythealternatingcurrentloadsandthevoltageofanydirectcurrentloads.Generally,thelargertheload,thehighertheinverterinputvoltage.Thiskeepsthecurrentatlevelswhereswitchesandothercomponentsarereadilyavailable.

Insolation—Thesolarpowerdensityincidentonasurfaceofstatedareaandorientation,usuallyexpressedasWattspersquaremeterorBtupersquarefootperhour.Seediffuseinsolationanddirectinsolation.

Interconnect—Aconductorwithinamoduleorothermeansofconnectionthatprovidesanelectricalinterconnectionbetweenthesolarcells.

IntrinsicLayer—Alayerofsemiconductormaterial,usedinaphotovoltaicdevice,whosepropertiesareessentiallythoseofthepure,undoped,material.

IntrinsicSemiconductor—Anundopedsemiconductor.

Inverter—Adevicethatconvertsdirectcurrentelectricitytoalternatingcurrenteitherforstand-alonesystemsortosupplypowertoanelectricitygrid.

Ion—Anelectricallychargedatomorgroupofatomsthathaslostorgainedelectrons;alossmakestheresultingparticlepositivelycharged;againmakestheparticlenegativelycharged.

Irradiance—Thedirect,diffuse,andreflectedsolarradiationthatstrikesasurface.Usuallyexpressedinkilowattspersquaremeter.Irradiancemultipliedbytimeequalsinsolation.

ISPRAGuidelines—Guidelinesfortheassessmentofphotovoltaicpowerplants,publishedbytheJointResearchCentreoftheCommissionoftheEuropeanCommunities,Ispra,Italy.

I-TypeSemiconductor—Semiconductormaterialthatisleftintrinsic,orundopedsothattheconcentrationofchargecarriersischaracteristicofthematerialitselfratherthanofaddedimpurities.

I-VCurve—Agraphicalpresentationofthecurrentversusthevoltagefromaphotovoltaicdeviceastheloadisincreasedfromtheshortcircuit（noload）conditiontotheopencircuit（maximumvoltage）condition.Theshapeofthecurvecharacterizescellperformance.

BacktoTop

J

Joule—Ametricunitofenergyorwork;1joulepersecondequals1wattor0.737foot-pounds;1Btuequals1,055joules.

Junction—Aregionoftransitionbetweensemiconductorlayers,suchasap/njunction,whichgoesfromaregionthathasahighconcentrationofacceptors（p-type）toonethathasahighconcentrationofdonors（n-type）.

JunctionBox—Aphotovoltaic（PV）generatorjunctionboxisanenclosureonthemodulewherePVstringsareelectricallyconnectedandwhereprotectiondevicescanbelocated,ifnecessary.

JunctionDiode—Asemiconductordevicewithajunctionandabuilt-inpotentialthatpassescurrentbetterinonedirectionthantheother.Allsolarcellsarejunctiondiodes.

BacktoTop

K

Kilowatt（kW）—Astandardunitofelectricalpowerequalto1000watts,ortotheenergyconsumptionatarateof1000joulespersecond.

Kilowatt-Hour（kWh）—1,000thousandwattsact