5份最新高考英语阅读理解议论文全国卷模拟题汇编解析教师版20页.docx

5份最新高考英语阅读理解议论文全国卷模拟题汇编解析教师版20页.docx

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5份最新高考英语阅读理解议论文全国卷模拟题汇编解析教师版20页

2020年5-6月份最新高考英语阅读理解议论文全国卷模拟题汇编

英语试题

1.（2020届安徽省名校高考模拟）

SmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrime,ifthesmokeisconsideredharmfultootherpeopleinthehouse.

Thenewlaw,FamilyProtectionandDevelopmentPromotionAct,wasinitiated（启动）bytheMinistryofSocialDevelopmentandHumanSecurityandwasannouncedintheRoyalGazetteonMay22,2019.

Thelawaimsatcurbingsmokingathomewhichmightbehazardousforothers'healthresidingunderthesameroof.Inthatcase,itwillbeconsideredas“domesticviolence".ThenewlawcameintoforceonAugust20.

Accordingtothecenterforresearchandknowledgemanagementfortobaccocontrol,attheFacultyofMedicalScienceofMahidolUniversity,thereareabout4.9millionhouseholdswhereoneormorefamilymemberssmoke.

Anaverageof10.3millionpeoplehaveunwittingly（不知不觉地）becomepassivesmokersbecausethey'vebeenbreathinginsmokeathome.Scientificstudiesshowthatpassivesmokersarealgreaterriskofbeingaffectedbycancer.

Of75childpatientsfromhouseswheresmokingispracticed,76%ofthemwerefoundtohavenicotinetracesintheirurine,with43%ofthemhavingnicotinecontentexceedingpermissiblelevels.

Smokingathomealso“mayleadtophysicaloremotionalviolence”becauseofaggressivenesswhenthereisa.lackofsmoking,andmightaswellruinrelationshipsbetweensmokersandnon-smokerfamilymembers.

Accordingtothenewlaw,anyonewhothinkstheyareaffectedbydomesticsmokingcanreporttoofficialsconcernedsothatinspectorswillbesenttoinvestigateandtakelegalactionagainstthesmokers.

Onceconvicted,thecourtmayorderapersontoreceivetreatmenttoquitsmokinginanattempttoprotecttheperson'sfamily.

InFebruaryin2019,Thailandhadbannedsmokingatsixofitsairportsalongwithabaninpublicplaces.

8．WhatisthefactaboutthenewlawinThailand?

A．Itmakesitclearthatsmokingathomeisacrime.

B．I’salawonprotectingthehealthofnon-smokers.

C．Itwasdraftedandadoptedbytheroyalfamily.

D．Itclassifiessmokingasaformofdomesticviolence.

9．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“curbing”inParagraph3?

A．Treating.B．Changing.

C．Improving.D．Controlling.

10．WhatisNOTtheevilconsequenceofsmokingathome?

A．Itmayincreasetheriskofcancerinpassivesmokers.

B．Itwillprobablycausephysicaloremotionalviolence.

C．Itwillmakethesmokersbecomemoreaggressive.

D．Itmaylead10disharmonyinfamilyrelations.

11．Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?

A．SmokingisillegalanywhereinThailand.

B．Smokersarelesslikely10developcancerthannon-smokers.

C．PeoplewhosmokeathomeinThailandwillbesenttoprison.

D．Thailandiscommittedtocreatingasmoke-freeenvironment.

【答案】

8．D

9．D

10．C

11．D

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。

文章主要描述了泰国新法旨在抑制在家中吸烟，并致力于创造一个无烟的环境。

8．细节理解题。

根据第一段中“SmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrime,ifthesmokeisconsideredharmfulto.otherpeopleinthehouse.”可知，如果家庭中其他人认为吸烟是有害的，那么吸烟者的行为会被认定为一种家庭暴力的犯罪，故选D。

9．词义猜测题。

根据第三段中“Thelawaimsatcurbingsmokingathomewhichmightbehazardousforothers'healthresidingunderthesameroof.”可知，该法律旨在限制在家中吸烟，因为吸烟可能会危害同屋檐下的其他人的健康。

所以curbing指的是控制，限制，故选D。

10．推理判断题。

根据第七段中“Smokingathomealso“mayleadtophysicaloremotionalviolence”becauseofaggressivenesswhenthereisalackofsmoking”可知，在家吸烟也“可能导致身体或情绪暴力”，因为在不吸烟的情况下，人们会表现出攻击性。

C.Itwillmakethesmokersbecomemoreaggressive.意思为在家吸烟会使吸烟者变得更有攻击性。

与原文意思不符，故选C。

11．推理判断题。

根据第一段中“SmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrime,ifthesmokeisconsideredharmfulto.otherpeopleinthehouse.”可知，如果家庭中其他人认为吸烟是有害的，那么吸烟者的行为会被认定为一种家庭暴力的犯罪；再根据最后一段“InFebruaryin2019,Thailandhadbannedsmokingatsixofitsairportsalongwithabaninpublicplaces.”2019年2月，泰国在6个机场禁止吸烟，并禁止在公共场所吸烟。

综上可以推断出，泰国致力于创造无烟的环境。

故选D。

2.（2020届福建省泉州市高三第一次质检）

Almosteverycommunityhassomeformofrulesandsomewayofenforcingthem.Sowhydowehaverules,andwhatmakespeoplefollowthem?

Studieshavesuggestedthatthereasonwedon'tlikerule-breakingisbecausefairnessisprogrammedintoourbrains.Scientistshavefoundthatthebrainreactsinaparticularwaywhenwefeelwearebeingtreatedunfairly.Afairsituationmakesusfeelcomfortableandevenhappy,butunfairnesscausesourbrainstorespondwithnegativefeelings.Thestudyfoundthatthisasohappenedwhensubjectssawothersbeingtreatedunfairly.Theyconcludedthatfairnessisoneofbasichumanneeds.

Arrivingatafeelingoffairnessmeansconsideringdifferent,oftenconflicting,pointsofview.Regardlessofthedisagreement,peoplealmostalwaysneedtocompromise.Butitcanbedifficulttoarriveatacompromisewhenthereareconflictinginterests.Thisiswhycommunitieshaverulesthateveryonemustfollow.

Socialcontrolsareanimportantfactorinsettingandfollowingrules.Theyinfluencethewaywebehave,andcanbeinternal（内在的）orexternal.Internalcontrolscomefromwithinandarebasedonourvaluesandfears.Mostofusdon'tsteal,forexample,becausewebelievethattheftisunfairandwrong.Wealsodon'twanttodisappointourfamilyandfriends.Inotherwords,ourinternalcontrolskeepusfrombehavinginwaysthatcauseconflict.

Externalcontrolsincluderewardsandpunishments.Rewards,suchasjobpromotionsandpraise,aredesignedtoencouragepeopletobehaveandactintheinterestofthewholecommunity.

Punishments,suchaspublicembarrassment,fines,andevenimprisonmentcanpreventpeoplefromactingagainstthecommunity'sbestinterests.

Peopleneedtheircommunitiestofunctionsmoothly.Iftherewerenorules,mostpeoplewouldprobablystillbehavepositively.However,therewouldalwaysbeaminoritywhowouldnot.Thisiswhyasocietywithoutrulesisunlikelytoexist.

12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword''this''inparagraph2referto?

A．Aprograminhumanbrains.

B．Acomfortablesituation.

C．Theresponsewithbadfeelings.

D．Therequirementofffairness.

13．Whydocommunitieshaverules?

A．Topunishillegalactivities.B．Topreventdisagreement.

C．Topromotefairness.D．Tomeetvariousdemands.

14．Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofinternalcontrol?

A．Takeexamshonestlybecausecheatingisshameful

B．Parkintherightplacesoasnottogetaparkingticket.

C．Paytheelectricitybillontimeinordernottogetalatefee.

D．Cooperatewithyourclassmatestowinaprizeforyourclass.

15．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A．LivingbytherulesB．Whycommunitiesneedrules

C．ReachingacompromiseD．Howfairnessfunctions

【答案】

12．C

13．C

14．A

15．A

【解析】这是一篇议论文。

本文主要讲述了人们生活的社区和社会都需要有规则来促进公平，如果没有规则社会就无法运行。

12．词义猜测题。

根据第二段的Afairsituationmakesusfeelcomfortableandevenhappy,butunfairnesscausesourbrainstorespondwithnegativefeelings.Thestudyfoundthatthisasohappenedwhensubjectssawothersbeingtreatedunfairly.可知，一个不公平的情况会让我们感到舒适甚至开心，但是不公平会让我们的大脑产生负面情绪。

他们的研究发现，当受到不公平待遇时，这种情况就会发生。

根据句意可知this指代上文提到的“大脑会产生负面情绪”。

C.Theresponsewithbadfeelings.（负面情绪的反应）符合以上说法，故选C项。

13．推理判断题。

根据第三段的Regardlessofthedisagreement,peoplealmostalwaysneedtocompromise.Butitcanbedifficulttoarriveatacompromisewhenthereareconflictinginterests.Thisiswhycommunitieshaverulesthateveryonemustfollow.（尽管有分歧，人们总是需要妥协的。

但是，当存在利益冲突时，很难达成妥协。

这就是为什么社区有每个人都必须遵守的规则）可知，社区设立规则的目的是让人们能够达成妥协，即促进公平。

C.Topromotefairness.（促进公平）符合以上说法，故选C项。

14．推理判断题。

根据第四段的Internalcontrolscomefromwithinandarebasedonourvaluesandfears.Inotherwords,ourinternalcontrolskeepusfrombehavinginwaysthatcauseconflict.可知，我们的内部控制基于我们的价值观和恐惧，使我们不做出引起冲突的行为。

A.Takeexamshonestlybecausecheatingisshameful（诚实地参加考试，因为作弊是无耻的）是和我们的价值观相关，属于内部控制，故选A项。

15．主旨大意题。

根据第一段的Almosteverycommunityhassomeformofrulesandsomewayofenforcingthem.（几乎每一个社区都有某种形式的规则，和某种执行他们的方式）和最后一段的Thisiswhyasocietywithoutrulesisunlikelytoexist.（这就是为什么一个没有规则的社会是不可能的）可知，本文主要讲述了人们生活的社区和社会都需要有规则来促进公平，如果没有规则社会就无法运行。

A.Livingbytherules（按规则生活）可以作为本文的标题，故选A项。

3.（2020届广东广雅中学高三适应性考试）

Ingeneral,theancientRomanswereapracticalpeople.TheycaredlessaboutphilosophyandpuremathematicsthandidtheGreeks.TheRomanswerethebestoftheancientengineersandarchitects.TheywerebrilliantstudentsofGreekgeometryandtrigonometry,andtheyappliedtheirknowledgetotheconstructionoffinebridges,roads,andpublicbuildings.

Theyknewaboutthesmeltingofironore,buttheyusedtheirontheyproducedmainlyforspears,swords,andshields,ratherthanforbuildingconstruction.

WhiletheRomansaccomplishedpracticalwonders,theydidverylittletheoreticalscientificthinking.Becauseoftheirfrequentwars,manyoftheirinventionswerenomorethanimprovementsinthedesignofGreekweaponswithwhichtheywerefamiliar.

TherearetworeasonsfortheRomanneglectofphilosophyandpuremathematics.First,theywereapparentlytoobusyconqueringnearbynationsandformingthemintoarapidlygrowingempiretowastemuchtimeonabstractthinking.Secondly,theywerehandicappedbytherigidityoftheirnumericalsystem.（TrytomultiplyXIbyLVIIortodivideCXLIIIbyIX;itsimplycannotbedonewithpencilandpaper.）TheRomansdidalloftheirarithmeticonanabacus,theancientcounterpartofthemodemcomputingmachine.Theirnumbersystemdiscouragedthestudyofpuremathematics.

8．TheauthorcallstheRomans“practical"becausethey________.

A．theydidn'tcareaboutphilosophy

B．theyjustlearnedfromGreekgeometry

C．theyappliedwhattheylearnedtoconstruction

D．theythoughtlittleoftheoreticalscientificthinking

9．Accordingtothepassage,theRomansexcelledin________.

A．smeltingironoreB．engineeringand