5份最新高考英语阅读理解议论文全国卷模拟题汇编解析教师版20页.docx

1、5份最新高考英语阅读理解议论文全国卷模拟题汇编解析教师版20页2020年5-6月份最新高考英语阅读理解议论文全国卷模拟题汇编英语试题1.（2020届安徽省名校高考模拟）Smoking in your own home in Thailand may now be considered a crime , if the smoke is considered harmful to other people in the house.The new law , Family Protection and Development Promotion Act , was initiated(启动) b

2、y the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security and was announced in the Royal Gazette on May 22 ,2019.The law aims at curbing smoking at home which might be hazardous for others health residing under the same roof. In that case, it will be considered as “domestic violence. The new law came

3、into force on August 20.According to the center for research and knowledge management for tobacco control , at the Faculty of Medical Science of Mahidol University , there are about 4.9 million households where one or more family members smoke.An average of 10. 3 million people have unwittingly (不知不

4、觉地) become passive smokers because theyve been breathing in smoke at home. Scientific studies show that passive smokers are al greater risk of being affected by cancer.Of 75 child patients from houses where smoking is practiced ,76% of them were found to have nicotine traces in their urine , with 43

5、% of them having nicotine content exceeding permissible levels.Smoking at home also “may lead to physical or emotional violence” because of aggressiveness when there is a . lack of smoking, and might as well ruin relationships between smokers and non-smoker family members.According to the new law ,

6、anyone who thinks they are affected by domestic smoking can report to officials concerned so that inspectors will be sent to investigate and take legal action against the smokers.Once convicted , the court may order a person to receive treatment to quit smoking in an attempt to protect the persons f

7、amily.In February in 2019 ,Thailand had banned smoking at six of its airports along with a ban in public places.8What is the fact about the new law in Thailand?AIt makes it clear that smoking at home is a crime.BIs a law on protecting the health of non-smokers.CIt was drafted and adopted by the roya

8、l family.DIt classifies smoking as a form of domestic violence.9Which of the following can replace the underlined word “curbing” in Paragraph 3?ATreating. BChanging.CImproving. DControlling.10What is NOT the evil consequence of smoking at home?AIt may increase the risk of cancer in passive smokers.B

9、It will probably cause physical or emotional violence.CIt will make the smokers become more aggressive.DIt may lead 10 disharmony in family relations.11What conclusion can we draw from the passage?ASmoking is illegal anywhere in Thailand.BSmokers are less likely 10 develop cancer than non-smokers.CP

10、eople who smoke at home in Thailand will be sent to prison.DThailand is committed to creating a smoke-free environment.【答案】8D9D10C11D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要描述了泰国新法旨在抑制在家中吸烟，并致力于创造一个无烟的环境。8细节理解题。根据第一段中“Smoking in your own home in Thailand may now be considered a crime , if the smoke is considered harmful to

11、 . other people in the house.”可知，如果家庭中其他人认为吸烟是有害的，那么吸烟者的行为会被认定为一种家庭暴力的犯罪，故选D。9词义猜测题。根据第三段中“The law aims at curbing smoking at home which might be hazardous for others health residing under the same roof. ”可知，该法律旨在限制在家中吸烟，因为吸烟可能会危害同屋檐下的其他人的健康。所以curbing指的是控制，限制，故选D。10推理判断题。根据第七段中“ Smoking at home also

12、 “may lead to physical or emotional violence” because of aggressiveness when there is a lack of smoking”可知，在家吸烟也“可能导致身体或情绪暴力”，因为在不吸烟的情况下，人们会表现出攻击性。C. It will make the smokers become more aggressive. 意思为在家吸烟会使吸烟者变得更有攻击性。与原文意思不符，故选C。11推理判断题。根据第一段中“Smoking in your own home in Thailand may now be consid

13、ered a crime , if the smoke is considered harmful to . other people in the house.”可知，如果家庭中其他人认为吸烟是有害的，那么吸烟者的行为会被认定为一种家庭暴力的犯罪；再根据最后一段“In February in 2019 ,Thailand had banned smoking at six of its airports along with a ban in public places.” 2019年2月，泰国在6个机场禁止吸烟，并禁止在公共场所吸烟。综上可以推断出，泰国致力于创造无烟的环境。故选D。2.（

14、2020届福建省泉州市高三第一次质检）Almost every community has some form of rules and some way of enforcing them. So why do we have rules, and what makes people follow them?Studies have suggested that the reason we dont like rule-breaking is because fairness is programmed into our brains. Scientists have found that

15、the brain reacts in a particular way when we feel we are being treated unfairly.A fair situation makes us feel comfortable and even happy, but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings.The study found that this a so happened when subjects saw others being treated unfairly. They

16、concluded that fairness is one of basic human needs.Arriving at a feeling of fairness means considering different, often conflicting, points of view. Regardless of the disagreement, people almost always need to compromise. But it can be difficult to arrive at a compromise when there are conflicting

17、interests. This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow.Social controls are an important factor in setting and following rules.They influence the way we be have, and can be internal (内在的) or external. Internal controls come from within and are based on our values and fears. Most of u

18、s dont steal, for example, because we believe that theft is unfair and wrong. We also dont want to disappoint our family and friends. In other words, our internal controls keep us from behaving in ways that cause conflict.External controls include rewards and punishments. Rewards, such as job promot

19、ions and praise, are designed to encourage people to be have and actin the interest of the whole community.Punishments, such as public embarrassment, fines, and even imprisonment can prevent people from acting against the communitys best interests.People need their communities to function smoothly.I

20、f there were no rules, most people would probably still behave positively. However, there would always be a minority who would not. This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist.12What does the underlined word this in paragraph 2 refer to?AA program in human brains.BA comfortable situatio

21、n.CThe response with bad feelings.DThe requirement off fairness.13Why do communities have rules?ATo punish illegal activities. BTo prevent disagreement.CTo promote fairness. DTo meet various demands.14Which of the following is an example of internal control?ATake exams honestly because cheating is s

22、hamefulBPark in the right place so as not to get a parking ticket.CPay the electricity bill on time in order not to get a late fee.DCooperate with your classmates to win a prize for your class.15What is the best title for this passage?ALiving by the rules BWhy communities need rulesCReaching a compr

23、omise DHow fairness functions【答案】12C13C14A15A【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了人们生活的社区和社会都需要有规则来促进公平，如果没有规则社会就无法运行。12词义猜测题。根据第二段的A fair situation makes us feel comfortable and even happy, but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings. The study found that this a so happened when subjects saw o

24、thers being treated unfairly.可知，一个不公平的情况会让我们感到舒适甚至开心，但是不公平会让我们的大脑产生负面情绪。他们的研究发现，当受到不公平待遇时，这种情况就会发生。根据句意可知this指代上文提到的“大脑会产生负面情绪”。C. The response with bad feelings.(负面情绪的反应)符合以上说法，故选C项。13推理判断题。根据第三段的Regardless of the disagreement, people almost always need to compromise. But it can be difficult to arr

25、ive at a compromise when there are conflicting interests. This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow.(尽管有分歧，人们总是需要妥协的。但是，当存在利益冲突时，很难达成妥协。这就是为什么社区有每个人都必须遵守的规则)可知，社区设立规则的目的是让人们能够达成妥协，即促进公平。C. To promote fairness.(促进公平)符合以上说法，故选C项。14推理判断题。根据第四段的Internal controls come from within and a

26、re based on our values and fears.In other words, our internal controls keep us from behaving in ways that cause conflict.可知，我们的内部控制基于我们的价值观和恐惧，使我们不做出引起冲突的行为。A. Take exams honestly because cheating is shameful(诚实地参加考试，因为作弊是无耻的)是和我们的价值观相关，属于内部控制，故选A项。15主旨大意题。根据第一段的Almost every community has some form

27、of rules and some way of enforcing them.(几乎每一个社区都有某种形式的规则，和某种执行他们的方式)和最后一段的This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist.(这就是为什么一个没有规则的社会是不可能的)可知，本文主要讲述了人们生活的社区和社会都需要有规则来促进公平，如果没有规则社会就无法运行。A. Living by the rules(按规则生活)可以作为本文的标题，故选A项。3.（2020届广东广雅中学高三适应性考试）In general, the ancient Romans wer

28、e a practical people. They cared less about philosophy and pure mathematics than did the Greeks. The Romans were the best of the ancient engineers and architects. They were brilliant students of Greek geometry and trigonometry, and they applied their knowledge to the construction of fine bridges, ro

29、ads, and public buildings.They knew about the smelting of iron ore, but they used the iron they produced mainly for spears, swords, and shields, rather than for building construction.While the Romans accomplished practical wonders, they did very little theoretical scientific thinking. Because of the

30、ir frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar.There are two reasons for the Roman neglect of philosophy and pure mathematics. First, they were apparently too busy conquering nearby nations and forming them into

31、a rapidly growing empire to waste much time on abstract thinking. Secondly, they were handicapped by the rigidity of their numerical system. (Try to multiply XI by LVII or to divide CXLIII by IX; it simply cannot be done with pencil and paper.) The Romans did all of their arithmetic on an abacus, th

32、e ancient counterpart of the modem computing machine. Their number system discouraged the study of pure mathematics.8The author calls the Romans “practical because they_.Athey didnt care about philosophyBthey just learned from Greek geometryCthey applied what they learned to constructionDthey thought little of theoretical scientific thinking9According to the passage, the Romans excelled in_.Asmelting iron ore Bengineering and